From 19d8df309b628bd75783f5b0d97096ea162f3bd0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GHLandy Date: Sat, 4 Feb 2017 15:42:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] [Translated] How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 如何在 CentOS 7 中使用 Nginx 和 PHP7-fpm 来安装Nextcloud --- ...oud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md | 267 +++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 159 insertions(+), 108 deletions(-) rename {sources => translated}/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md (55%) diff --git a/sources/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md b/translated/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md similarity index 55% rename from sources/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md rename to translated/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md index ae71621e37..2db77a9178 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md +++ b/translated/tech/20170112 How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7.md @@ -1,120 +1,143 @@ -GHLandy Translating   +如何在 CentOS 7 中使用 Nginx 和 PHP7-FPM 安装 Nextcloud +========================== -How to Install Nextcloud with Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7 -============================================================ +### 导航 -### On this page +1. [步骤 1 - 在 CentOS 7 中安装 Nginx 和 PHP7-FPM][1] +2. [步骤 2 - 配置 PHP7-FPM][2] +3. [步骤 3 - 安装和配置 MariaDB][3] +4. [步骤 4 - 为 Nextcloud 生成一个自签名 SSL 证书][4] +5. [步骤 5 - 下载和安装 Nextcloud][5] +6. [步骤 6 - 在 Nginx 中为 Nextcloud 配置虚拟主机][6] +7. [步骤 7 - 为 Nextcloud 配置 SELinux 和 FirewallD 规则][7] +8. [步骤 8 - Nextcloud 安装][8] +9. [参考链接][9] -1. [Step 1 - Install Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7][1] -2. [Step 2 - Configure PHP7-FPM][2] -3. [Step 3 - Install and Configure MariaDB][3] -4. [Step 4 - Generate a Self-signed SSL Certificate for Nextcloud][4] -5. [Step 5 - Download and Install Nextcloud][5] -6. [Step 6 - Configure Nextcloud Virtual Host in Nginx][6] -7. [Step 7 - Configure SELinux and FirewallD for Nextcloud][7] -8. [Step 8 - Nextcloud Installation Wizard][8] -9. [Reference][9] +Nextcloud 是一款自由 (开源) 的类 Dropbox 软件，由 ownCloud 分支演化形成。它使用 PHP 和 JavaScript 编写，支持多种数据库系统，比如 MySQL/MariaDB、PostgreSQL、Oracle 数据库和 SQLite。为了让你的桌面系统和云服务器中的文件能够保持同步，Nextcloud 为 Windows、Linux、Mac、安卓以及苹果手机都提供了客户端支持。Nextcloud 并非只是 Dropbox 的克隆，他还提供了很多附加特性，如日历、联系人、计划任务以及流媒体 Ampache。 -Nextcloud is a free (Open Source) Dropbox-like software, a fork of the ownCloud project. Nextcloud is written in PHP and JavaScript, it supports many database systems such as, MySQL/MariaDB, PostgreSQL, Oracle Database and SQLite. In order to keep your files synchronized between Desktop and your own server, Nextcloud provides applications for Windows, Linux and Mac desktops and a mobile app for android and iOS. Nextcloud is not just a dropbox clone, it provides additional features like Calendar, Contacts, Schedule tasks, and streaming media with Ampache. +在这片文章中，我将向你展示如何在 CentOS 7 服务器中安装和配置最新版本的 Nextcloud 10。我会通过 Nginx 和 PHP7-FPM 来运行 Nextcloud，同时使用 MariaDB 做为数据库系统。 -In this tutorial, I will show you how to install and configure the latest Nextcloud 10 release on a CentOS 7 server. I will run Nextcloud with a Nginx web server and PHP7-FPM and use MariaDB as the database system. +**先决条件** -**Prerequisite** +* 64 位的 CentOS 7 +* 服务器的 Root 权限 -* CentOS 7 64bit -* Root privileges on the server +### 步骤 1 - 在 CentOS 7 中安装 Nginx 和 PHP7-FPM -### Step 1 - Install Nginx and PHP7-FPM on CentOS 7 - -Before we start with the Nginx and php7-fpm installation, we have to add the EPEL package repository. Install it with this yum command. +在开始安装 Nginx 和 php7-fpm 之前，我们还学要先添加 EPEL 包的仓库源。使用如下命令： +``` yum -y install epel-release +``` -Now install Nginx from the EPEL repository. +现在开始从 EPEL 仓库来安装 Nginx： +``` yum -y install nginx +``` -Then we have to add another repository for php7-fpm. There are several repositories available on the net that provide PHP 7 packages, I will use webtatic here. +然后我们还需要为 php7-fpm 添加另外一个仓库。互联网中有很个远程仓库提供了 PHP 7 系列包，我在这里使用的是 webtatic。 -Add the PHP7-FPM webtatic repository: +添加 PHP7-FPM webtatic 仓库： +``` rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm +``` -Next, install PHP7-FPM and some additional packages for the Nextcloud installation. +然后就是安装 PHP7-FPM 以及 Nextcloud 需要的一些包。 +``` yum -y install php70w-fpm php70w-cli php70w-gd php70w-mcrypt php70w-mysql php70w-pear php70w-xml php70w-mbstring php70w-pdo php70w-json php70w-pecl-apcu php70w-pecl-apcu-devel +``` -Finally, check the PHP version from server terminal to verify that PHP installed correctly. +最后，从服务器终端里查看 PHP 的版本号，以便验证 PHP 是否正确安装。 +``` php -v +``` -[ - ![Check the PHP version on CentOS](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/1.png) -][10] +[![查看 PHP 版本号](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/1.png)][10] -### Step 2 - Configure PHP7-FPM +### 步骤 2 - Configure PHP7-FPM -In this step, we will configure php-fpm to run with Nginx. Php7-fpm will run under user nginx and listen on port 9000. +在这一个步骤中，我们将配置 php-fpm 与 Nginx 协同运行。Php7-fpm 将使用 nginx 用户来运行，并监听 9000 端口。 -Edit the default php7-fpm configuration file with vim. +使用 vim 编辑 默认的 php7-fpm 配置文件。 +``` vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf +``` -In line 8 and 10, change user and group to '**nginx**'. +在第 8 行和第 10行，user 和 group 赋值为 '**nginx**'. +``` user = nginx group = nginx +``` -In line 22, make sure php-fpm is running under server port. +在第 22 行，确保 php-fpm 运行在指定端口。 +``` listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 +``` -Uncomment line 366-370 to activate the php-fpm system environment variables. +去注释第 366-370 行，启用 php-fpm 的系统环境变量。 +``` env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin env[TMP] = /tmp env[TMPDIR] = /tmp env[TEMP] = /tmp +``` -Save the file and exit the vim editor. +保存文件并退出 vim 编辑器。 -Next, create a new directory for the session path in the '/var/lib/' directory, and change the owner to the 'nginx' user. +下一步，就是在 '/var/lib/' 目录下创建一个新的文件夹 session，并将其拥有者变更为 'nginx' 用户。 +``` mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/ +``` -Now start php-fpm and Nginx, then enable the services to start at boot time. +然后启动 php-fpm 和 Nginx，并且将它们设置为随开机启动的服务。 +``` sudo systemctl start php-fpm sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable php-fpm sudo systemctl enable nginx +``` -[ - ![Start Nginx and PHP-FPM](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/2.png) -][11] +[![启动 php-fpm 和 Nginx](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/2.png)][11] -PHP7-FPM configuration is done. +PHP7-FPM 配置完成 -### Step 3 - Install and Configure MariaDB +### 步骤 3 - 安装和配置 MariaDB -I will use MariaDB for the Nextcloud database. Install the mariadb-server package from the CentOS repository with yum. +我这里使用 MariaDB 作为 Nextcloud 的数据库。可以直接使用 yum 命令从 CentOS 默认远程仓库中安装 mariadb-server 包。 +``` yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server +``` -Start the MariaDB service and add it to run at boot time. +启动 MariaDB，并将其添加到随系统启动的服务中去。 +``` systemctl start mariadb systemctl enable mariadb +``` -Now configure the MariaDB root password. +现在开始配置 MariaDB 的 root 用户密码。 +``` mysql_secure_installation +``` -Type in your root password when requested. +键入 'Y' ，然后设置MariaDB 的 root 密码。 +``` Set root password? [Y/n] Y New password: Re-enter new password: @@ -123,79 +146,99 @@ Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y +``` -The MariaDB root password has been set, now we can login to the mysql shell to create a new database and a new user for Nextcloud. I will create a new database named '**nextcloud_db**' and a user '**nextclouduser**' with password '**nextclouduser@**'. Choose a secure password for your installation! +这样就设置好了密码，现在登录到 mysql shell 并为 Nextcloud 创建一个新的数据库和用户。这里我创建名为 '**nextcloud_db**' 的数据库以及名为 '**nextclouduser**' 的用户，用户密码为 '**nextclouduser@**'。当然了，在创建的时候你要需用一个更安全的密码。 +``` mysql -u root -p -Type Password +``` -Type in the mysql query below to create a new database and a new user. +输入密码即可登录 mysql shell。 +输入以下 mysql 查询语句来创建新的数据库和用户。 + +``` create database nextcloud_db; create user nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextclouduser@'; grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextclouduser@'; flush privileges; +``` -[ - ![Create a Nextcloud database and user in MariaDB](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/3.png) -][12] +[![为 Nextcloud 创建一个新的数据库和用户](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/3.png)][12] -The nextcloud_db database with user 'nextclouduser' has been created. +nextcloud_db 数据库和 'nextclouduser' 用户创建完成 -### Step 4 - Generate a Self-signed SSL Certificate for Nextcloud +### 步骤 4 - 为 Nextcloud 生成一个自签名 SSL 证书 -In this tutorial, I will run nextcloud with a https connection for the client. You can use free SSL such as let's encrypt or create  self signed SSL certificate. I will create my own self-signed SSL certificate file with the OpenSSL command. +在教程中，我会让客户端以 https 连接来运行 Nextcloud。你可以使用诸如 let's encrypt 等免费 SSL 证书，或者是自己创建 自签名 (self signed) SSL 证书。这里我使用 OpenSSL 来创建自己的自签名 SSL 证书。 -Create a new directory for the SSL file. +为 SSL 文件创建新目录： +``` mkdir -p /etc/nginx/cert/ +``` -And generate a new SSL certificate file with the the openssl command below. +如下，使用 openssl 生成一个新的 SSL 证书。 +``` openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key +``` -Finally, change the permission of all certificate files to 600 with chmod. +最后使用 'chmod' 命令将所有证书文件的权限设置为 '600'。 +``` chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/* +``` -[ - ![Generate new SSL Certificate file for Nextcloud](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/4.png) -][13] +[![为 Nextcloud 生成一个自签名 SSL 证书](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/4.png)][13] -### Step 5 - Download and Install Nextcloud +### 步骤 5 - 下载和安装 Nextcloud -We will download Nextcloud with wget directly to the server, so we have to install wget first. Additionally, we need the unzip program. Install both applications with yum. +我直接使用 wget 命令下载 Nextcloud 到服务器上，因此需要先行安装 wget。此外，还需要安装 unzip 来进行解压。使用 'yum' 命令来安装这两个程序。 +``` yum -y install wget unzip +``` -Go to the /tmp directory and download latest stable Nextcloud 10 version from the Nextcloud web site with wget. +先进入 /tmp 目录，然后使用 wget 从官网下载最新的 Nextcloud 10。 +``` cd /tmp wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-10.0.2.zip +``` -Extract the nextcloud zip file and move it's content to the '/usr/share/nginx/html/' directory. +解压 Nextcloud，并将其移动到 '/usr/share/nginx/html/' 目录。 +``` unzip nextcloud-10.0.2.zip mv nextcloud/ /usr/share/nginx/html/ +``` -Next, go to the Nginx web root directory and create a new 'data' directory for Nextcloud. +下一步，转到 Nginx web 根目录为 Nextcloud 创建一个 'data' 文件夹。 +``` cd /usr/share/nginx/html/ mkdir -p nextcloud/data/ +``` -Change the owner of the 'nextcloud' directory to the 'nginx' user and group. +变更 'nextcloud' 目录的拥有者为 'nginx' 用户和组。 +``` chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/ +``` -### Step 6 - Configure Nextcloud Virtual Host in Nginx +### 步骤 6 - 在 Nginx 中为 Nextcloud 配置虚拟主机 -In step 5 we've downloaded the Nextcloud source code and configured it to run under the Nginx web server. But we still need to configure a virtual host for Nextcloud. Create a new virtual host configuration file 'nextcloud.conf' in the Nginx 'conf.d' directory. +在步骤 5 我们已经下载好了 Nextcloud 源码，并配置好了让它运行于 Nginx 服务器中，但我们还需要为它配置一个虚拟主机。在 Nginx 的 'conf.d' 目录下创建一个新的虚拟主机配置文件 'nextcloud.conf'。 +``` cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ vim nextcloud.conf +``` -Paste the Nextcloud virtual host configuration below. +将以下内容粘贴到虚拟主机配置文件中： ``` upstream php-handler { @@ -324,27 +367,30 @@ server { } ``` -Save the file and exit vim. +保存文件并退出 vim。 -Now test the Nginx configuration to ensure that there are no error,s- Then restart the service. +下载测试以下该 Nginx 配置文件是否有错误，没有的话就可以重启服务了。 +``` nginx -t systemctl restart nginx +``` -[ - ![Nextcloud Virtual Host Nginx](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/5.png) -][14] +[![在 Nginx 中为 Nextcloud 配置虚拟主机](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/5.png)][14] -### Step 7 - Configure SELinux and FirewallD for Nextcloud +### 步骤 7 - 为 Nextcloud 配置 SELinux 和 FirewallD 规则 -In this tutorial, we will leave SELinux on in enforcing mode, so we need a new package SELinux management tools to configure SELinux for Nextcloud. +本教程中，我们将以强制模式运行 SELinux，因此需要一个 SELinux 管理工具来为 Nextcloud 配置 SELinux。 -Install the SELinux management tools with this command. +使用以下命令安装 SELinux 管理工具。 +``` yum -y install policycoreutils-python +``` -Then execute the commands below as root user to allow Nextcloud to run under SELinux. Remember to change the Nextcloud directory in case you use a different directory. +然后以 root 用户来运行一下命令，以便让 Nextcloud 运行于 SELinux 环境之下。如果你是用的其他名称的目录，记得将 'nextcloud' 替换掉哦。 +``` semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/data(/.*)?' semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/config(/.*)?' semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/apps(/.*)?' @@ -353,62 +399,67 @@ semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/ semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/.user.ini' restorecon -Rv '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/' +``` -Next, we will enable the firewalld service and open the HTTP and HTTPS ports for Nextcloud. +接下来，我们要启用 firewalld 服务，同时为 Nextcloud 开启 http 和 https 端口。 -Start firewalld and enable it to start at boot time. +启动 firewalld 并设置随系统启动。 +``` systemctl start firewalld systemctl enable firewalld +``` -Now open the HTTP and HTTPS ports with the firewall-cmd command, then reload the firewall. +现在使用 firewall-cmd 命令来开启command http 和 https 端口，然后重新加载 firewall。 +``` firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https firewall-cmd --reload +``` -[ - ![Configure Firewalld for Nextcloud](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/6.png) -][15] +[![为 Nextcloud 配置 FirewallD 规则](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/6.png)][15] -All the server configuration is done. +至此，服务器配置完成 -### Step 8 - Nextcloud Installation Wizard +### 步骤 8 - Nextcloud 安装 -Open your web browser and type in your Nextcloud domain name, mine is: cloud.nextcloud.co. You will be redirected to the secure https connection. +打开你的 Web 浏览器，输入你为 Nextcloud 设置的域名，我这里设置为 cloud.nextcloud.co，然后会重定向到安全性更好的 https 连接。 -Type in your desired admin user name and password, and then type in your database credentials. Click '**Finish Setup**'. +设置你的管理员用户名和密码，然后输入数据验证信息，点击 '**完成安装 (Finish Setup)**'。 -[ - ![Nextcloud stup wizards on CentOS 7](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/7.png) -][16] +[![Nextcloud 安装](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/7.png)][16] -The Nextcloud Admin Dashboard (File Manager) appears. +Nextcloud 管理面板 (文件挂了) 大致如下： -[ - ![Nextcloud Admin Dashboard File Manager](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/8.png) -][17] +[![Nextcloud 管理面板](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/8.png)][17] -Nextcloud User Settings. +Nextcloud 用户设置： -[ - ![Nextcloud user settings](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/9.png) -][18] +[![Nextcloud 用户设置](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/9.png)][18] -Admin Settings. +管理设置 -[ - ![The Nextcloud admin area](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/10.png) -][19] +[![管理设置](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/10.png)][19] -Nextcloud has been installed with Nginx, PHP7-FPM, and MariaDB on a CentOS 7 Server. +至此，我们在 CentOS 7 服务器上通过使用 Nginx、PHP7-FPM、MariaDB 完成了 Nextcloud 的安装。 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +### 参考链接 + +- [https://docs.nextcloud.com/](https://docs.nextcloud.com/) + +------------------------------------ + +译者简介： + +[GHLandy](http://GHLandy.com) —— 划不完粉腮柳眉泣别离。 + +------------------------------------ via: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/how-to-install-nextcloud-with-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-7/ 作者：[Muhammad Arul][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者：[GHLandy](https://github.com/GHLandy) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出