diff --git a/published/20190513 Blockchain 2.0 - Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric -Part 10.md b/published/20190513 Blockchain 2.0 - Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric -Part 10.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5b3be0ba08 --- /dev/null +++ b/published/20190513 Blockchain 2.0 - Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric -Part 10.md @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (wxy) +[#]: reviewer: (wxy) +[#]: publisher: (wxy) +[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11461-1.html) +[#]: subject: (Blockchain 2.0 – Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric [Part 10]) +[#]: via: (https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-introduction-to-hyperledger-fabric/) +[#]: author: (sk https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/) + +区块链 2.0：Hyperledger Fabric 介绍（十） +====== + +![Hyperledger Fabric][1] + +### Hyperledger Fabric + +[Hyperledger 项目][2] 是一个伞形组织，包括许多正在开发的不同模块和系统。在这些子项目中，最受欢迎的是 “Hyperledger Fabric”。这篇博文将探讨一旦区块链系统开始大量使用到主流，将使 Fabric 在不久的将来成为几乎不可或缺的功能。最后，我们还将快速了解开发人员和爱好者们需要了解的有关 Hyperledger Fabric 技术的知识。 + +### 起源 + +按照 Hyperledger 项目的常规方式，Fabric 由其核心成员之一 IBM “捐赠”给该组织，而 IBM 以前是该组织的主要开发者。由 IBM 共享的这个技术平台在 Hyperledger 项目中进行了联合开发，来自 100 多个成员公司和机构为之做出了贡献。 + +目前，Fabric 正处于 LTS 版本的 v1.4，该版本已经发展很长一段时间，并且被视为企业管理业务数据的解决方案。Hyperledger 项目的核心愿景也必然会渗透到 Fabric 中。Hyperledger Fabric 系统继承了所有企业级的可扩展功能，这些功能已深深地刻入到 Hyperledger 组织旗下所有的项目当中。 + +### Hyperledger Fabric 的亮点 + +Hyperledger Fabric 提供了多种功能和标准，这些功能和标准围绕着支持快速开发和模块化体系结构的使命而构建。此外，与竞争对手（主要是瑞波和[以太坊][3]）相比，Fabric 明确用于封闭和[许可区块链][4]。它们的核心目标是开发一套工具，这些工具将帮助区块链开发人员创建定制的解决方案，而不是创建独立的生态系统或产品。 + +Hyperledger Fabric 的一些亮点如下： + +#### 许可区块链系统 + +这是一个 Hyperledger Fabric 与其他平台（如以太坊和瑞波）差异很大的地方。默认情况下，Fabric 是一种旨在实现私有许可的区块链的工具。此类区块链不能被所有人访问，并且其中致力于达成共识或验证交易的节点将由中央机构进行选择。这对于某些应用（例如银行和保险）可能很重要，在这些应用中，交易必须由中央机构而不是参与者来验证。 + +#### 机密和受控的信息流 + +Fabric 内置了权限系统，该权限系统将视情况限制特定组或某些个人中的信息流。与公有区块链不同，在公有区块链中，任何运行节点的人都可以对存储在区块链中的数据进行复制和选择性访问，而 Fabric 系统的管理员可以选择谁能访问共享的信息，以及访问的方式。与现有竞争产品相比，它还有以更好的安全性标准对存储的数据进行加密的子系统。 + +#### 即插即用架构 + +Hyperledger Fabric 具有即插即用类型的体系结构。可以选择实施系统的各个组件，而开发人员看不到用处的系统组件可能会被废弃。Fabric 采取高度模块化和可定制的方式进行开发，而不是一种与其竞争对手采用的“一种方法适应所有需求”的方式。对于希望快速构建精益系统的公司和公司而言，这尤其有吸引力。这与 Fabric 和其它 Hyperledger 组件的互操作性相结合，意味着开发人员和设计人员现在可以使用各种标准化工具，而不必从其他来源提取代码并随后进行集成。它还提供了一种相当可靠的方式来构建健壮的模块化系统。 + +#### 智能合约和链码 + +运行在区块链上的分布式应用程序称为[智能合约][5]。虽然智能合约这个术语或多或少与以太坊平台相关联，但链码chaincode是 Hyperledger 阵营中为其赋予的名称。链码应用程序除了拥有 DApp 中有的所有优点之外，使 Hyperledger 与众不同的是，该应用程序的代码可以用多种高级编程语言编写。它本身支持 [Go][6] 和 JavaScript，并且在与适当的编译器模块集成后还支持许多其它编程语言。尽管这一事实在此时可能并不代表什么，但这意味着，如果可以将现有人才用于正在进行的涉及区块链的项目，从长远来看，这有可能为公司节省数十亿美元的人员培训和管理费用。开发人员可以使用自己喜欢的语言进行编码，从而在 Hyperledger Fabric 上开始构建应用程序，而无需学习或培训平台特定的语言和语法。这提供了 Hyperledger Fabric 当前竞争对手无法提供的灵活性。 + +### 总结 + +* Hyperledger Fabric 是一个后端驱动程序平台，是一个主要针对需要区块链或其它分布式账本技术的集成项目。因此，除了次要的脚本功能外，它不提供任何面向用户的服务。（认可以为​​它更像是一种脚本语言。） +* Hyperledger Fabric 支持针对特定用例构建侧链。如果开发人员希望将一组用户或参与者隔离到应用程序的特定部分或功能，则可以通过侧链来实现。侧链是衍生自主要父代的区块链，但在其初始块之后形成不同的链。产生新链的块将不受新链进一步变化的影响，即使将新信息添加到原始链中，新链也将保持不变。此功能将有助于扩展正在开发的平台，并引入用户特定的和案例特定的处理功能。 +* 前面的功能还意味着并非所有用户都会像通常对公有链所期望的那样拥有区块链中所有数据的“精确”副本。参与节点将具有仅与之相关的数据副本。例如，假设有一个类似于印度的 PayTM 的应用程序，该应用程序具有钱包功能以及电子商务功能。但是，并非所有的钱包用户都使用 PayTM 在线购物。在这种情况下，只有活跃的购物者将在 PayTM 电子商务网站上拥有相应的交易链，而钱包用户将仅拥有存储钱包交易的链的副本。这种灵活的数据存储和检索体系结构在扩展时非常重要，因为大量的单链区块链已经显示出会增加处理交易的前置时间。这样可以保持链的精简和分类。 + +我们将在以后的文章中详细介绍 Hyperledger Project 下的其他模块。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-introduction-to-hyperledger-fabric/ + +作者：[sk][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Hyperledger-Fabric-720x340.png +[2]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-an-introduction-to-hyperledger-project-hlp/ +[3]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-what-is-ethereum/ +[4]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-public-vs-private-blockchain-comparison/ +[5]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-explaining-smart-contracts-and-its-types/ +[6]: https://www.ostechnix.com/install-go-language-linux/ diff --git a/sources/news/20191013 System76 will ship Coreboot-powered firmware, a new OS for the apocalypse, and more open source news.md b/sources/news/20191013 System76 will ship Coreboot-powered firmware, a new OS for the apocalypse, and more open source news.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..eab1e9bd0e --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/news/20191013 System76 will ship Coreboot-powered firmware, a new OS for the apocalypse, and more open source news.md @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (System76 will ship Coreboot-powered firmware, a new OS for the apocalypse, and more open source news) +[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/10/news-october-13) +[#]: author: (Lauren Maffeo https://opensource.com/users/lmaffeo) + +System76 will ship Coreboot-powered firmware, a new OS for the apocalypse, and more open source news +====== +Catch up on the biggest open source headlines from the past two weeks. +![Weekly news roundup with TV][1] + +In this edition of our open source news roundup, we cover System76 shipping Coreboot-powered firmware, a new OS for the apocalypse, and more open source news! + +### System76 will ship 2 Linux laptops with Coreboot-powered open source firmware + +The Denver-based Linux PC manufacturer announced plans to start shipping two laptop models with its Coreboot-powered open source firmware later this month. Jason Evangelho, Senior Contributor at _Forbes_, cited this move as a march towards offering open source software and hardware from the ground up.  + +System76, which also develops [Pop OS][2], is now taking pre-orders for its Galago Pro and Darter Pro laptops. It claims that Coreboot will let users boot from power off to the desktop 29% faster. + +Coreboot is a lightweight firmware designed to simplify the boot cycle of systems using it. It requires the minimum number of tasks needed to load and run a modern 32-bit or 64-bit operating system. Coreboot can offer a replacement for proprietary firmware, though it omits features like execution environments. Our own [Don Watkins][3] asked if Coreboot will ship on other System76 machines. Their response, [as reported by _Forbes_][4]: + +> _"Yes. Long term, System76 is working to open source all aspects of the computer. Thelio Io, the controller board in the Thelio desktop, is both open hardware and open firmware. This is a long journey but we're picking up speed. It's been less than a year since the our open hardware Thelio desktop was released and we're now producing two laptops with System76 Open Firmware."_ + +### Collapse OS is an operating system for the post-apocalypse + +Virgil Dupras, a software developer based in Quebec, is convinced the world's global supply chain will collapse before 2030. And he's worried that most [electronics will get caught in the crosshairs][5] due to "a very complex supply chain that we won't be able to achieve again for decades (ever?)."  + +To prepare for the worst, Dupras built Collapse OS. It's [designed to run][6] on "minimal or improvised machines" and perform simple tasks that are helpful in a post-apocalyptic society. These include editing text files, collecting sources files for MCUs and CPUs, and reading/writing from several storage devices. + +Dupras says it's intended for worst-case scenarios, and that a "weak collapse" might not be enough to justify its use. If you err on the side of caution, the Collapse OS project is accepting new contributors [on GitHub][7].  + +Per the project website, Dupras says his goal is for Collapse OS to be as self-contained as possible with the ability for users to install the OS without Internet access or other resources. Ideally, the goal is for Collapse OS to not be used at all. + +### ExpressionEngine will stay open source post-acquisition + +The team behind open source CMS ExpressEngine was acquired by Packet Tide - EEHarbor's parent company - in early October. [This announcement ][8]comes one year after Digital Locations acquired EllisLab, which develops EE core.  + +[In an announcement][9] on ExpressionEngine's website, EllisLab founder Rick Ellis said Digital Locations wasn't a good fit for ExpressionEngine. Citing Digital Location's goals to build an AI business, Ellis realized several months ago that ExpressionEngine needed a new home: + +> _"We decided that what was best for ExpressionEngine was to seek a new owner, one that could devote all the resources necessary for ExpressionEngine to flourish. Our top candidate was Packet Tide due to their development capability, extensive catalog of add-ons, and deep roots in the ExpressionEngine community._ +> +> _We are thrilled that they immediately expressed enthusiastic interest in becoming the caretakers of ExpressionEngine."_ + +Ellis says Packet Tide's first goal is to finish building ExpressionEngine 6.0, which will have a new control panel with a dark theme (who doesn't love dark mode?). ExpressionEngine adopted the Apache License Version 2.0 in November 2018, after 16 years as a proprietary tool. + +The tool is still marketed as an open source CMS, and EE Harbor developer Tom Jaeger said [in the EE Slack][10] that their plan is to keep ExpressionEngine open source now. But he also left the door open to possible changes.  + +### McAfee and IBM Security to lead the Open Source Cybersecurity Alliance + +The two tech giants will contribute the initiative's first open source code and content, under guidance from the OASIS consortium. The Alliance aims to share best practices, tech stacks, and security solutions in an open source platform.  + +Carol Geyer, chief development officer of OASIS, said the lack of standard language makes it hard for businesses to share data between tools and products. Despite efforts to collaborate, the lack of a standardized format yields more integration costs that are expensive and time-consuming. + +In lieu of building connections and integrations, [the Alliance wants members][11] to "develop protocols and standards which enable tools to work together and share information across vendors."  + +According to _Tech Republic_, IBM Security will contribute [STIX-Shifter][12], an open source library that offer a universal security system. Meanwhile, McAfee added its [OpenDXL Standard Ontology][13], a cybersecurity messaging format. Other members of the Alliance include CrowdStrike, CyberArk, and SafeBreach. + +#### In other news + + * [Paris uses open source to get closer to the citizen][14] + * [SD Times open source project of the week: ABAP SDK for IBM Watson][15] + * [Google's keeping Knative development under its thumb 'for the foreseeable future'][16] + * [Devs engage in soul-searching on future of open source][17] + * [Why leading Formula 1 teams back 'copycat' open source design idea][18] + + + +_Thanks, as always, to Opensource.com staff members and moderators for their help this week._ + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/19/10/news-october-13 + +作者：[Lauren Maffeo][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/lmaffeo +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/weekly_news_roundup_tv.png?itok=B6PM4S1i (Weekly news roundup with TV) +[2]: https://system76.com/pop +[3]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins +[4]: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2019/10/10/system76-will-begin-shipping-2-linux-laptops-with-coreboot-based-open-source-firmware/#15a4da174e64 +[5]: https://collapseos.org/why.html +[6]: https://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/collapse-os-after-societys-collapse/ +[7]: https://github.com/hsoft/collapseos +[8]: https://wptavern.com/expressionengine-under-new-ownership-will-remain-open-source-for-now +[9]: https://expressionengine.com/blog/expressionengine-has-a-new-owner +[10]: https://eecms.slack.com/?redir=%2Farchives%2FC04CUNNR9%2Fp1570576465005500 +[11]: https://www.techrepublic.com/article/mcafee-ibm-join-forces-for-global-open-source-cybersecurity-initiative/ +[12]: https://github.com/opencybersecurityalliance/stix-shifter +[13]: https://www.opendxl.com/ +[14]: https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/special-reports/special-reports/paris-uses-open-source-to-get-closer-to-the-citizen +[15]: https://sdtimes.com/os/sd-times-open-source-project-of-the-week-abap-sdk-for-ibm-watson/ +[16]: https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/google-alphabet/googles-keeping-knative-development-under-its-thumb-foreseeable-future +[17]: https://www.linuxinsider.com/story/86282.html +[18]: https://www.autosport.com/f1/news/146407/why-leading-f1-teams-back-copycat-design-proposal diff --git a/sources/talk/20191009 Top 10 open source video players for Linux.md b/sources/talk/20191009 Top 10 open source video players for Linux.md deleted file mode 100644 index bbed405b93..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20191009 Top 10 open source video players for Linux.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,153 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (geekpi) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (Top 10 open source video players for Linux) -[#]: via: (https://opensourceforu.com/2019/10/top-10-open-source-video-players-for-linux/) -[#]: author: (Stella Aldridge https://opensourceforu.com/author/stella-aldridge/) - -Top 10 open source video players for Linux -====== - -[![][1]][2] - -_Choosing the right video player can help ensure that you get the optimum viewing experience, and give you the tools to [create a video website][3]. You can even allow you to customize the videos you are watching to your personal preferences too._ - -So to help enable you to pick the best player for your needs, we’ve curated a list of the top open source video players for Linux. - -Let’s take a look: - -**1\. XBMC – Kodi Media Center** - -This is a flexible cross-platform player, written with C++ as core and with Python Scripts as add ons are available. The benefits of using Kodi include: - - * Available in over 69 languages - * Users can play audio and video files and media player files from the network and local storage - * Can be used alongside JeOS in devices such as Smart TV and set-top boxes as an application suite - * There’s loads of impressive add ons such as video and audio streaming plugins, themes, screensaver and more - * It supports multiple formats such as MPEG-1,2,4, RealVideo, HVC, HEVC and so on - - - -**2\. VLC Media Player** - -This player was a no brainer for this list due to its impressive power and availability on a range of operating systems. It is written in C, C++ and Objective C and users can eliminate the need for figuring out plugins thanks to its extensive support of decoding libraries. The benefits of VLC Media Player include: - - * Provides support for DVD players on Linux - * Ability to play .iso files - * Enables high definition recordings of D-VHS tapes to be played - * Can be run from a USB flash drive or external drive directly - * API support and browser support (via plugin) - - - -**3\. Bomi (CMPlayer)** - -This flexible and highly powered player ticks most of the boxes of a general user, and it’s positives are: - - * Simple to use graphical user interface (GUI) - * Impressive playback ability - * Option to resume playback - * Supports subtitles and can render multiple subtitle files - - - -**[![][4]][5]4\. Miro Music and Video Player** - -Previously called Democracy Player (DTV), Miro was redeveloped by Participatory Culture Foundation and is a good cross-platform player for both video and audio. It’s impressive because: - - * Supportive of some HD Audio and Video - * Available in over 40 languages - * Can play numerous file formats, e.g., QuickTime, WMV, MPEG files, Audio Video Interface (AVI), XVID - * Can notify the user and download a video automatically once available - - - -**5\. SMPlayer** - -This cross-platform media player, written only using Qt library in C++ is a powerful, multi-functional player. We like it because: - - * It has multi-language options - * Supportive of all default formats - * Supportive of EDL files, and you can configure subtitles fetched from the Internet - * A variety of Skins that can be downloaded from the Internet - * Multiple speed playback - - - -**6\. MPV Player** - -Written in C, Objective-C, Lua, and Python, it’s free, easy to use and has lots of new features which make it enjoyable to use. The main plus points are: - - * Can be compiled as a library which uncovers client API’s which leads to increased control - * Functionality that allows Media Encoding - * Smooth-motion - - - -**7\. Deepin Movie** - -This player is an excellent example of an open source media player which has lots of positives, including: - - * The ability to complete all play operations by keyboard - * Video files in various formats can be played through this player with ease - * The streaming function allows users to enjoy many online video resources - - - -**8\. Gnome Videos** - -Previously called Totem, for those with Gnome desktop environments, this is the player of choice. -Written purely in C this was built by using GStreamer multimedia framework for playback, and the other version (> 2.7.1) was then configured using xine libraries as a backend. It’s great because: - -It has an impressive ability to support numerous formats including: - - * SHOUTcast, SMIL, M3U, Windows Media Player format and more - * You can adjust light settings such as brightness and contrast during playback - * Loads SubRip subtitles - * Supports for direct video playback from Internet channels such as Apple - - - -**9\. Xine Multimedia Player** - -An additional cross-platform multimedia player in our list written in C. It’s a good all-round player because: - - * It supports physical media as well as Video Devices. Think 3gp, Matroska, MOV, Mp4, Audio formats, - * Network Protocols, V4L, DVB, and PVR to name but a few - * It can correct the synchronization of audio and video streams manually - - - -**10\. ExMPlayer** - -Last but not least, ExMPlayer is a stunning, powerfully built GUI front-end for MPlayer. Its benefits include: - - * Can play any media format - * Supports network streaming and subtitles - * Easy to use an audio converter - * High-quality audio extraction without compromising on sound quality - - - -The abovementioned video players work well on Linux. We would recommend you to try them out and choose the most suitable for you. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://opensourceforu.com/2019/10/top-10-open-source-video-players-for-linux/ - -作者：[Stella Aldridge][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://opensourceforu.com/author/stella-aldridge/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_50337841_l-2015.jpg?resize=696%2C585&ssl=1 (Depositphotos_50337841_l-2015) -[2]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_50337841_l-2015.jpg?fit=900%2C756&ssl=1 -[3]: https://www.ning.com/create-video-website/ -[4]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_20380441_l-2015.jpg?resize=350%2C231&ssl=1 -[5]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_20380441_l-2015.jpg?ssl=1 diff --git a/sources/tech/20190404 How writers can get work done better with Git.md b/sources/tech/20190404 How writers can get work done better with Git.md index 1da47fd69f..5d6f670bad 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190404 How writers can get work done better with Git.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190404 How writers can get work done better with Git.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (wxy) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) diff --git a/translated/talk/20191009 Top 10 open source video players for Linux.md b/translated/talk/20191009 Top 10 open source video players for Linux.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..67eab29960 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/talk/20191009 Top 10 open source video players for Linux.md @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (geekpi) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (Top 10 open source video players for Linux) +[#]: via: (https://opensourceforu.com/2019/10/top-10-open-source-video-players-for-linux/) +[#]: author: (Stella Aldridge https://opensourceforu.com/author/stella-aldridge/) + +Linux 中的十大开源视频播放器 +====== + +[![][1]][2] + +_选择合适的视频播放器有助于确保你获得最佳的观看体验，并为你提供[创建视频网站][3]的工具。你甚至可以根据个人喜好自定义正在观看的视频。_ + +因此，为了帮助你挑选适合你需求的最佳播放器，我们列出了 Linux 中十大开源播放器。 + +让我们来看看： + +**1\. XBMC – Kodi 媒体中心** + +这是一个灵活的跨平台播放器，核心使用 C++ 编写，并提供 Python 脚本作为附加组件。使用 Kodi 的好处包括： + + * 提供超过 69 种语言版本 + * 用户可以从网络和本地存储播放音频、视频和媒体播放文件 + * 可与 JeOS 一起作为应用套件用于智能电视和机顶盒等设备 + * 有很多不错的附加组件，如视频和音频流插件、主题、屏幕保护程序等 + * 它支持多种格式，如 MPEG-1、2、4、RealVideo、HVC、HEVC 等 + + + +**2\. VLC 媒体播放器** + +由于该播放器在一系列操作系统上具有令人印象深刻的功能和可用性，他在列表上是理所当然的。它使用 C、C++ 和 Objective C 编写，用户无需使用插件，这要归功于它对解码库的广泛支持。VLC 媒体播放器的优势包括： + + * 在 Linux 上支持 DVD 播放器 + * 能够播放 .iso 文件 + * 能够播放高清录制的 D-VHS 磁带 + * 可以直接从 U 盘或外部驱动器运行 + * API 支持和浏览器支持（通过插件） + + + +**3\. Bomi（CMPlayer）** + +这个灵活和强大的播放器被许多普通用户选择，它的优势有： + + * 易于使用的图形用户界面 （GUI） + * 令人印象深刻的播放能力 + * 恢复播放的选项 + * 支持字幕，可以渲染多个字幕文件 + + + +**[![][4]][5] +4\. Miro Music and Video Player** + +以前被称为 Democracy Player （DTV）， Miro 由分享文化基金会（Participatory Culture Foundation）重新开发，是一个不错的跨平台音频视频播放器。令人印象深刻，因为： + + * 支持一些高清音频和视频 + * 提供超过 40 种语言版本 + * 可以播放多种文件格式，例如，QuickTime、WMV、MPEG 文件、音频视频接口 （AVI）、XVID + * 一旦可用，可以自动通知用户并下载视频 + + + +**5\. SMPlayer** + +这个跨平台的媒体播放器，只使用 C++ 的 Qt 库编写，它是一个强大的，多功能播放器。我们喜欢它，因为： + + * 有多语言选择 + * 支持所有默认格式 + * 支持 EDL 文件，你可以配置从 Internet 获取的字幕 + * 可从互联网下载的各种皮肤 + * 倍速播放 + + + +**6\. MPV Player** + +它用 C、Objective-C、Lua 和 Python 编写，免费、易于使用，并且有许多新功能，便于使用。主要加分是： + + * 可以编译为一个库，公开客户端 API，从而增强控制 + * 允许媒体编码 + * 平滑运动 + + + +**7\. Deepin Movie** + +此播放器是开源媒体播放器的一个极好的例子，它有很多优势，包括： + + * 通过键盘完成所有播放操作 + * 各种格式的视频文件可以通过这个播放器轻松播放 + * 流媒体功能能让用户享受许多在线视频资源 + + + +**8\. Gnome Videos** + +以前称为 Totem，这是 Gnome 桌面环境选择的播放器。 +完全用 C 编写，使用 GStreamer 多媒体框架构建，另外的版本（>2.7.1）使用 xine 作为后端。它是很棒的，因为： + +它支持大量的格式，包括： + + * Supports for direct video playback from Internet channels such as Apple + * SHOUTcast、SMIL、M3U、Windows 媒体播放器格式等 + * 你可以在播放过程中调整灯光设置，如亮度和对比度 + * 加载 SubRip 字幕 + * 支持从互联网频道（如 Apple）直接播放视频 + + + +**9\. Xine Multimedia Player** + +我们列表中用 C 编写的另外一个跨平台多媒体播放器。这是一个全能播放器，因为： + + * 它支持物理媒体以及视频设备。3gp， Matroska（MKV）、 MOV， Mp4、音频格式， + * 网络协议，V4L、DVB 和 PVR 等 + * 它可以手动校正音频和视频流的同步 + + + +**10\. ExMPlayer** + +最后单同样重要的一个，ExMPlayer 是一个惊人的、强大的 MPlayer 的 GUI 前端。它的优点包括： + + * 可以播放任何媒体格式 + * 支持网络流和字幕 + * 易于使用的音频转换器 + * 高品质的音频提取，而不会影响音质 + + + +上面的视频播放器在 Linux 上工作得很好。我们建议你尝试一下，选择一个最适合你的播放器。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensourceforu.com/2019/10/top-10-open-source-video-players-for-linux/ + +作者：[Stella Aldridge][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensourceforu.com/author/stella-aldridge/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_50337841_l-2015.jpg?resize=696%2C585&ssl=1 (Depositphotos_50337841_l-2015) +[2]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_50337841_l-2015.jpg?fit=900%2C756&ssl=1 +[3]: https://www.ning.com/create-video-website/ +[4]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_20380441_l-2015.jpg?resize=350%2C231&ssl=1 +[5]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Depositphotos_20380441_l-2015.jpg?ssl=1 diff --git a/translated/tech/20190513 Blockchain 2.0 - Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric -Part 10.md b/translated/tech/20190513 Blockchain 2.0 - Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric -Part 10.md deleted file mode 100644 index 5556f6604e..0000000000 --- a/translated/tech/20190513 Blockchain 2.0 - Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric -Part 10.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,73 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (wxy) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (Blockchain 2.0 – Introduction To Hyperledger Fabric [Part 10]) -[#]: via: (https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-introduction-to-hyperledger-fabric/) -[#]: author: (sk https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/) - -区块链 2.0：Hyperledger Fabric 介绍（十） -====== - -![Hyperledger Fabric][1] - -### Hyperledger Fabric - -[Hyperledger 项目][2] 是一个伞形组织，具有许多正在开发的不同模块和系统。在这些子项目中，最受欢迎的是 “Hyperledger Fabric”。这篇博文将探讨一旦区块链系统开始大量使用到主流，将使 Fabric 在不久的将来几乎不可或缺的功能。最后，我们还将快速了解开发人员和爱好者们需要了解的有关 Hyperledger Fabric 技术的知识。 - -### 起始时间 - -按照 Hyperledger 项目的常规方式，Fabric 由其核心成员之一 IBM “捐赠”给该组织，而 IBM 以前是该组织的主要开发者。IBM 共享的这个技术平台在 Hyperledger 项目中进行了联合开发，来自 100 多个成员公司和机构为之做出了贡献。 - -目前，Fabric 正处于 LTS 版本的 v1.4，该版本已经发展很长一段路，并且被视为企业管理业务数据的解决方案。Hyperledger 项目的核心愿景也不可避免地渗透到了 Fabric 中。Hyperledger Fabric 系统继承了所有企业级的可扩展功能，这些功能已深深地刻入到 Hyperledger 组织下的所有项目中。 - -### Hyperledger Fabric 的亮点 - -Hyperledger Fabric 提供了多种功能和标准，这些功能和标准围绕支持快速开发和模块化体系结构的使命而构建。此外，与竞争对手（主要是瑞波和[以太坊][3]）相比，Fabric 对封闭和[许可区块链][4]采取了明确的立场。它们的核心目标是开发一套工具，这些工具将帮助区块链开发人员创建定制的解决方案，而不是创建独立的生态系统或产品。 - -Hyperledger Fabric 的一些亮点如下： - -#### 许可区块链系统 - -这是一个 Hyperledger Fabric 与其他平台（如以太坊和瑞波）差异很大的类别。默认情况下，Fabric 是一种旨在实现私有许可的区块链的工具。此类区块链不能被任何人访问，并且致力于达成共识或验证交易的节点由中央机构选择。这对于某些应用（例如银行和保险）可能很重要，在这些应用中，交易必须由中央机构而不是参与者来验证。 - -#### 机密和受控的信息流 - -Fabric 内置了权限系统，该权限系统将视情况限制特定组或某些个人中的信息流。与公有区块链不同，在公有区块链中，任何运行节点的人都可以对存储在区块链中的数据进行复制和选择性访问，而 Fabric 系统的管理员可以选择谁能访问共享信息，以及访问的方式。与现有竞争产品相比，它还有以更好的安全性标准对存储的数据进行加密的子系统。 - -#### 即插即用架构 - -Hyperledger Fabric 具有即插即用类型的体系结构。可以选择实施系统的各个组件，而开发人员看不到用处的系统组件可能会被废弃。Fabric 采取高度模块化和可定制的方式进行开发，而不是一种与其竞争对手采用的一种方法适应所有需求的方式。对于希望快速构建精益系统的公司和公司而言，这尤其有吸引力。这与 Fabric 与其它 Hyperledger 组件的互操作性相结合，意味着开发人员和设计人员现在可以使用各种标准化工具，而不必从其他来源提取代码并随后进行集成。 它还提供了一种相当可靠的方式来构建健壮的模块化系统。 - -#### 智能合约和链码 - -运行在区块链上的分布式应用程序称为[智能合约][5]。虽然智能合约这个术语或多或少与以太坊平台相关联，但链码chaincode是在 Hyperledger 阵营中为其赋予的名称。链码应用程序除了拥有 DApps 中存在的所有优点之外，使 Hyperledger 与众不同的是，该应用程序的代码可以用多种高级编程语言编写。它本身支持 [Go][6] 和 JavaScript，并且在与适当的编译器模块集成后还支持许多其他语言。尽管这一事实在此时可能并不意味着什么，但这意味着，如果可以将现有人才用于正在进行的涉及区块链的项目，从长远来看，这有可能为公司节省数十亿美元的人员培训和管理费用。开发人员可以使用自己喜欢的语言进行编码，从而在 Hyperledger Fabric 上开始构建应用程序，而无需学习或培训平台特定的语言和语法。这提供了 Hyperledger Fabric 当前竞争对手无法提供的灵活性。 - -### 总结 - -* Hyperledger Fabric 是一个后端驱动程序平台，是一个主要针对需要区块链或其它分布式账本技术的集成项目。因此，除了次要的脚本功能外，它不提供任何面向用户的服务。（认可以为​​它更像是一种脚本语言。） -* Hyperledger Fabric 支持针对特定用例构建侧链。如果开发人员希望将一组用户或参与者隔离到应用程序的特定部分或功能，则可以通过侧链来实现。侧链是衍生自主要父代的区块链，但在其初始块之后形成不同的链。产生新链的块将不受新链进一步变化的影响，即使将新信息添加到原始链中，新链也将保持不变。此功能将有助于扩展正在开发的平台，并引入用户特定和案例特定的处理功能。 -* 先前的功能还意味着并非所有用户都会像通常对公有链所期望的那样拥有区块链中所有数据的“精确”副本。参与节点将具有仅与之相关的数据副本。例如，假设一个类似于印度的 PayTM 的应用程序。该应用程序具有钱包功能以及电子商务功能。但是，并非所有的钱包用户都使用 PayTM 在线购物。在这种情况下，只有活跃的购物者将在 PayTM 电子商务网站上拥有相应的交易链，而钱包用户将仅拥有存储钱包交易的链的副本。这种灵活的数据存储和检索体系结构在扩展时非常重要，因为大量的单链区块链已经显示出会增加处理交易的前置时间。这样可以保持链的精简和分类。 - -我们将在以后的文章中详细介绍 Hyperledger Project 下的其他模块。 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-introduction-to-hyperledger-fabric/ - -作者：[sk][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7 -[2]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-an-introduction-to-hyperledger-project-hlp/ -[3]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-what-is-ethereum/ -[4]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-public-vs-private-blockchain-comparison/ -[5]: https://www.ostechnix.com/blockchain-2-0-explaining-smart-contracts-and-its-types/ -[6]: https://www.ostechnix.com/install-go-language-linux/