From 2e85ad6ef7dcf2a6da5dc34c405cc1740b07946b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: oneforalone Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2018 20:31:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] translated by oneforalone --- ...20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md | 180 ------------------ ...20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md | 177 +++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 177 insertions(+), 180 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md b/sources/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md deleted file mode 100644 index 4345986973..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: subject: (Emacs #2: Introducing org-mode) -[#]: via: (https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9865-emacs-2-introducing-org-mode) -[#]: author: (John Goerzen http://changelog.complete.org/archives/author/jgoerzen) -[#]: url: ( ) - -Emacs #2: Introducing org-mode -====== - -In [my first post in my series on Emacs][1], I described returning to Emacs after over a decade of vim, and org-mode being the reason why. - -I really am astounded at the usefulness, and simplicity, of org-mode. It is really a killer app. - -**So what exactly is org-mode?** - -I wrote yesterday: - -> It’s an information organization platform. Its website says “Your life in plain text: Org mode is for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, planning projects, and authoring documents with a fast and effective plain-text system.” - -That’s true, but doesn’t quite capture it. org-mode is a toolkit for you to organize things. It has reasonable out-of-the-box defaults, but it’s designed throughout for you to customize. - -To highlight a few things: - - * **Maintaining TODO lists** : items can be scattered across org-mode files, contain attachments, have tags, deadlines, schedules. There is a convenient “agenda” view to show you what needs to be done. Items can repeat. - * **Authoring documents** : org-mode has special features for generating HTML, LaTeX, slides (with LaTeX beamer), and all sorts of other formats. It also supports direct evaluation of code in-buffer and literate programming in virtually any Emacs-supported language. If you want to bend your mind on this stuff, read [this article on literate devops][2]. The [entire Worg website][3] -is made with org-mode. - * **Keeping notes** : yep, it can do that too. With full-text search, cross-referencing by file (as a wiki), by UUID, and even into other systems (into mu4e by Message-ID, into ERC logs, etc, etc.) - - - -**Getting started** - -I highly recommend watching [Carsten Dominik’s excellent Google Talk on org-mode][4]. It is an excellent introduction. - -org-mode is included with Emacs, but you’ll often want a more recent version. Debian users can `apt-get install org-mode`, or it comes with the Emacs packaging system; `M-x package-install RET org-mode RET` may do it for you. - -Now, you’ll probably want to start with the org-mode compact guide’s [introduction section][5], noting in particular to set the keybindings mentioned in the [activation section][6]. - -**A good tutorial…** - -I’ve linked to a number of excellent tutorials and introductory items; this post is not going to serve as a tutorial. There are two good videos linked at the end of this post, in particular. - -**Some of my configuration** - -I’ll document some of my configuration here, and go into a bit of what it does. This isn’t necessarily because you’ll want to copy all of this verbatim — but just to give you a bit of an idea of some of what can be configured, an idea of what to look up in the manual, and maybe a reference for “now how do I do that?” - -First, I set up Emacs to work in UTF-8 by default. -``` -(prefer-coding-system 'utf-8) (set-language-environment "UTF-8") -``` - -org-mode can follow URLs. By default, it opens in Firefox, but I use Chromium. -``` -(setq browse-url-browser-function 'browse-url-chromium) -``` - -I set the basic key bindings as documented in the Guide, plus configure the M-RET behavior. - -``` -(global-set-key "\C-cl" 'org-store-link) -(global-set-key "\C-ca" 'org-agenda) -(global-set-key "\C-cc" 'org-capture) -(global-set-key "\C-cb" 'org-iswitchb) - -(setq org-M-RET-may-split-line nil) -``` - - -**Configuration: Capturing** - -I can press `C-c c` from anywhere in Emacs. It will [capture something for me][7], and include a link back to whatever I was working on. - -You can define [capture templates][8] to set how this will work. I am going to keep two journal files for general notes about meetings, phone calls, etc. One for personal, one for work items. If I press `C-c c j`, then it will capture a personal item. The %a in all of these includes the link to where I was (or a link I had stored with `C-c l`). - -``` -(setq org-default-notes-file "~/org/tasks.org") -(setq org-capture-templates - '( - ("t" "Todo" entry (file+headline "inbox.org" "Tasks") - "* TODO %?\n %i\n %u\n %a") - ("n" "Note/Data" entry (file+headline "inbox.org" "Notes/Data") - "* %? \n %i\n %u\n %a") - ("j" "Journal" entry (file+datetree "~/org/journal.org") - "* %?\nEntered on %U\n %i\n %a") - ("J" "Work-Journal" entry (file+datetree "~/org/wjournal.org") - "* %?\nEntered on %U\n %i\n %a") - )) -(setq org-irc-link-to-logs t) -``` - -I like to link by UUIDs, which lets me move things between files without breaking locations. This helps generate UUIDs when I ask Org to store a link target for future insertion. - -``` -(require 'org-id) -(setq org-id-link-to-org-use-id 'create-if-interactive) -``` - -**Configuration: agenda views** - -I like my week to start on a Sunday, and for org to note the time when I mark something as done. - -``` -(setq org-log-done 'time) -(setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday 0) -``` - -**Configuration: files and refiling** - -Here I tell it what files to use in the agenda, and to add a few more to the plain text search. I like to keep a general inbox (from which I can move, or “refile”, content), and then separate tasks, journal, and knowledge base for personal and work items. - -``` - (setq org-agenda-files (list "~/org/inbox.org" - "~/org/email.org" - "~/org/tasks.org" - "~/org/wtasks.org" - "~/org/journal.org" - "~/org/wjournal.org" - "~/org/kb.org" - "~/org/wkb.org" - )) - (setq org-agenda-text-search-extra-files - (list "~/org/someday.org" - "~/org/config.org" - )) - - (setq org-refile-targets '((nil :maxlevel . 2) - (org-agenda-files :maxlevel . 2) - ("~/org/someday.org" :maxlevel . 2) - ("~/org/templates.org" :maxlevel . 2) - ) - ) -(setq org-outline-path-complete-in-steps nil) ; Refile in a single go -(setq org-refile-use-outline-path 'file) -``` - -**Configuration: Appearance** - -I like a pretty screen. After you’ve gotten used to org a bit, you might try this. - -``` -(require 'org-bullets) -(add-hook 'org-mode-hook - (lambda () - (org-bullets-mode t))) -(setq org-ellipsis "⤵") -``` - -**Coming up next…** - -This hopefully showed a few things that org-mode can do. Coming up next, I’ll cover how to customize TODO keywords and tags, archiving old tasks, forwarding emails to org-mode, and using git to synchronize between machines. - -You can also see a [list of all articles in this series][9]. - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9865-emacs-2-introducing-org-mode - -作者：[John Goerzen][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: http://changelog.complete.org/archives/author/jgoerzen -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9861-emacs-1-ditching-a-bunch-of-stuff-and-moving-to-emacs-and-org-mode -[2]: http://www.howardism.org/Technical/Emacs/literate-devops.html -[3]: https://orgmode.org/worg/ -[4]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJTwQvgfgMM -[5]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Introduction.html#Introduction -[6]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Activation.html#Activation -[7]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Capture.html#Capture -[8]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Capture-templates.html#Capture-templates -[9]: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/tag/emacs2018 diff --git a/translated/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md b/translated/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..db22d1449c --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20180228 Emacs -2- Introducing org-mode.md @@ -0,0 +1,177 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (oneforalone) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: subject: (Emacs #2: Introducing org-mode) +[#]: via: (https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9865-emacs-2-introducing-org-mode) +[#]: author: (John Goerzen http://changelog.complete.org/archives/author/jgoerzen) +[#]: url: ( ) + +Emacs 系列（二）：`Org` 模式介绍 +====== + +在我 Emacs 系列中的[第一片文章][1]里，我介绍了我在用了几十年的 vim 后转向了 Emacs，`Org` 模式就是我为什么这样做的原因。 + +`Org` 模式的精简和高效真的震惊了我，它真的是个“杀手”应用。 + +**所以，`Org`模式到底是什么呢？** + +这是我昨天写的： + +> 它是一个组织信息的平台，它的主页上这样写着：“一切都是纯文本：`Org` 模式用于记笔记、维护待办事项列表、计划项目和使用快速有效的纯文本系统编写文档。” + +这是事实，但并不是很准确。`Org` 模式是一个你用来组织事务的小工具。它有一些非常合理的默认设置，但也允许你自己定制。 + +主要突出在这几件事上： + + * **维护待办事项列表** : 项目可以分散在 `Org` 文件中，包含附件，有标签，截止日期，时间表。有一个方便的“日程”视图，显示需要做什么。项目也可以重复。 + * **编写文档** : `Org` 模式有个特殊的功能来生成 HTML、LaTeX、 幻灯片（用 LaTeX beamer）和其他所有的格式。它也支持直接在缓冲区中运行和编写几乎任何一种 Emacs 所支持的的语言。如果你想要深入了解这项功能的话，参阅[开发者文档][2]。官网给出的[文档][3]完全不对。 + * **记笔记** : 对，它也能做笔记。通过全文所搜，文件的交叉引用（类似 wiki），UUID，甚至可以与其他的系统进行交互（通过信息 ID 与 mu4e 交互， 通过 ERC 的日志等等……） + +**开始** + +我强烈建议去阅读 [Carsten Dominik 写的一篇很棒的关于 `Org` 模式的 Google 讲话][4]。那篇文章真的很赞。 + +Emacs 中自带了 `Org` 模式，但如果你想要个比较新的版本的话，Debian 用户可以使用命令 `apt-get install org-mode` 来更新，或者使用 Emacs 的包管理系统命令 `M-x package-install RET org-mode RET`。 + +现在，你可能需要阅读一下 `Org` 模式的精简版教程中的[导读部分][5]，特别注意，你要设置下[启动部分][6]中提到的那些键的绑定。 + +**一份好的教程** + +我会给出一些好的教程和介绍的链接，但这篇文章不会是一篇教程。特别是在本文末尾，有两个很不错的视频链接。 + +**我的一些配置** + +我将在这里记录下一些我的配置并介绍它的作用。你没有必要每行每句将它拷贝到你的配置中——这只是一个参考，告诉你哪些可以配置，要怎么在手册中查找，或许只是一个“我现在该怎么做”的参考。 + +首先，我将 Emacs 的编码默认设置为 UTF-8。 +``` +(prefer-coding-system 'utf-8) (set-language-environment "UTF-8") +``` + +`Org` 模式中可以打开 URL。默认的，它会在 Firefox 中打开，但我喜欢用 Chromium。 +``` +(setq browse-url-browser-function 'browse-url-chromium) +``` + +我把基本的键的绑定和设为教程里的一样，再加上 `M-RET` 的操作的配置。 + +``` +(global-set-key "\C-cl" 'org-store-link) +(global-set-key "\C-ca" 'org-agenda) +(global-set-key "\C-cc" 'org-capture) +(global-set-key "\C-cb" 'org-iswitchb) + +(setq org-M-RET-may-split-line nil) +``` + + +**捕获配置** + +我可以在 Emacs 的任何模式中按 `C-c c`，按下后它就会[帮我捕获某些事][7]，其中包括一个指向我正在处理事务的链接。 + +你可以通过定义[捕获模板][8]来配置它。我将保存两个日志文件，作为会议、电话等的通用记录。一个是私人用的，一个是办公用的。如果我按下 `C-c c j`,它就会帮我捕获为私人项. 下面包含 `%a` 的配置是表示我当前的位置（或是我使用 `C-c l` 保存的链接）的链接。 + +``` +(setq org-default-notes-file "~/org/tasks.org") +(setq org-capture-templates + '( + ("t" "Todo" entry (file+headline "inbox.org" "Tasks") + "* TODO %?\n %i\n %u\n %a") + ("n" "Note/Data" entry (file+headline "inbox.org" "Notes/Data") + "* %? \n %i\n %u\n %a") + ("j" "Journal" entry (file+datetree "~/org/journal.org") + "* %?\nEntered on %U\n %i\n %a") + ("J" "Work-Journal" entry (file+datetree "~/org/wjournal.org") + "* %?\nEntered on %U\n %i\n %a") + )) +(setq org-irc-link-to-logs t) +``` + +我喜欢通过 UUID 来建立链接，这让我在文件之间移动而不会破坏位置。当我要 `Org` 存储一个链接目标以便将来插入时，以下配置有助于生成 UUID。 + +``` +(require 'org-id) +(setq org-id-link-to-org-use-id 'create-if-interactive) +``` + +**议程配置** + +我喜欢将星期天作为一周的开始，当我将某件事标记为完成时，我也喜欢记下时间。 + +``` +(setq org-log-done 'time) +(setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday 0) +``` + +**文件归档配置** + +在这我将配置它， 让它知道在议程中该使用哪些文件，而且在纯文本的搜索中添加一点点小功能。我喜欢保留一个通用的文件夹(我可以从其中移动或“重新归档”内容)，然后将个人和工作项的任务、日志和知识库分开。 + +``` + (setq org-agenda-files (list "~/org/inbox.org" + "~/org/email.org" + "~/org/tasks.org" + "~/org/wtasks.org" + "~/org/journal.org" + "~/org/wjournal.org" + "~/org/kb.org" + "~/org/wkb.org" + )) + (setq org-agenda-text-search-extra-files + (list "~/org/someday.org" + "~/org/config.org" + )) + + (setq org-refile-targets '((nil :maxlevel . 2) + (org-agenda-files :maxlevel . 2) + ("~/org/someday.org" :maxlevel . 2) + ("~/org/templates.org" :maxlevel . 2) + ) + ) +(setq org-outline-path-complete-in-steps nil) ; Refile in a single go +(setq org-refile-use-outline-path 'file) +``` + +**外观配置** + +我喜欢一个较漂亮的的屏幕。在你开始习惯 `Org` 之后，你可以试试这个。 + +``` +(require 'org-bullets) +(add-hook 'org-mode-hook + (lambda () + (org-bullets-mode t))) +(setq org-ellipsis "⤵") +``` + +**下一篇** + +希望这篇文章展示了 `Org` 模式的一些功能。接下来，我将介绍如何定制 `TODO` 关键字和标记、归档旧任务、将电子邮件转发到 `Org` 模式，以及如何使用 `git` 在不同电脑之间进行同步。 + +你也可以查看[本系列的所有文章列表][9]。 + + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9865-emacs-2-introducing-org-mode + +作者：[John Goerzen][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[oneforalone](https://github.com/oneforalone) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: http://changelog.complete.org/archives/author/jgoerzen +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9861-emacs-1-ditching-a-bunch-of-stuff-and-moving-to-emacs-and-org-mode +[2]: http://www.howardism.org/Technical/Emacs/literate-devops.html +[3]: https://orgmode.org/worg/ +[4]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJTwQvgfgMM +[5]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Introduction.html#Introduction +[6]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Activation.html#Activation +[7]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Capture.html#Capture +[8]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Capture-templates.html#Capture-templates +[9]: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/tag/emacs2018