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20140901-2 选题
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How to install and configure ownCloud on Debian
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================================================================================
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According to its official website, ownCloud gives you universal access to your files through a web interface or WebDAV. It also provides a platform to easily view, edit and sync your contacts, calendars and bookmarks across all your devices. Even though ownCloud is very similar to the widely-used Dropbox cloud storage, the primary difference is that ownCloud is free and open-source, making it possible to set up a Dropbox-like cloud storage service on your own server. With ownCloud, only you have complete access and control over your private data, with no limits on storage space (except for hard disk capacity) or the number of connected clients.
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ownCloud is available in Community Edition (free of charge) and Enterprise Edition (business-oriented with paid support). The pre-built package of ownCloud Community Edition is available for CentOS, Debian, Fedora openSUSE, SLE and Ubuntu. This tutorial will demonstrate how to install and configure ownCloud Community Edition on Debian Wheezy.
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### Installing ownCloud on Debian ###
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Go to the official website: [http://owncloud.org][1], and click on the 'Install' button (upper right corner).
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Now choose "Packages for auto updates" for the current version (v7 in the image below). This will allow you to easily keep ownCloud up to date using Debian's package management system, with packages maintained by the ownCloud community.
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Then click on Continue on the next screen:
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Select Debian 7 [Wheezy] from the list of available operating systems:
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Add the ownCloud's official Debian repository:
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# echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/isv:/ownCloud:/community/Debian_7.0/ /' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/owncloud.list
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Add the repository key to apt:
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# wget http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/isv:ownCloud:community/Debian_7.0/Release.key
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# apt-key add - < Release.key
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Go ahead and install ownCloud:
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# aptitude update
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# aptitude install owncloud
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Open your web browser and navigate to your ownCloud instance, which can be found at http://<server-ip>/owncloud:
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Note that ownCloud may be alerting about an Apache misconfiguration. Follow the steps below to solve this issue, and get rid of that error message.
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a) Edit the /etc/apache2/apache2.conf file (set the AllowOverride directive to All):
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<Directory /var/www/>
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Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
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AllowOverride All
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Order allow,deny
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Allow from all
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</Directory>
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b) Edit the /etc/apache2/conf.d/owncloud.conf file
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<Directory /var/www/owncloud>
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Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
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AllowOverride All
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Order allow,deny
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Allow from all
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</Directory>
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c) Restart the web server:
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# service apache2 restart
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d) Refresh the web browser. Verify that the security warning has disappeared.
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### Setting up a Database ###
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Now it's time to set up a database for ownCloud.
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First, log in to the local MySQL/MariaDB server:
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$ mysql -u root -h localhost -p
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Create a database and user account for ownCloud as follows.
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE owncloud_DB;
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mysql> CREATE USER ‘owncloud-web’@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ‘whateverpasswordyouchoose’;
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mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON owncloud_DB.* TO ‘owncloud-web’@'localhost';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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Go to ownCloud page at http://<server-ip>/owncloud, and choose the 'Storage & database' section. Enter the rest of the requested information (MySQL/MariaDB user, password, database and hostname), and click on Finish setup.
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### Configuring ownCloud for SSL Connections ###
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Before you start using ownCloud, it is strongly recommended to enable SSL support in ownCloud. Using SSL provides important security benefits such as encrypting ownCloud traffic and providing proper authentication. In this tutorial, a self-signed certificate will be used for SSL.
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Create a new directory where we will store the server key and certificate:
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# mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl
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Create a certificate (and the key that will protect it) which will remain valid for one year.
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# openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key -out /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
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Edit the /etc/apache2/conf.d/owncloud.conf file to enable HTTPS. For details on the meaning of the rewrite rules NC, R, and L, you can refer to the [Apache docs][2]:
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Alias /owncloud /var/www/owncloud
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<VirtualHost 192.168.0.15:80>
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RewriteEngine on
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ReWriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443$
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RewriteRule ^/(.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}/$1 [NC,R,L]
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</VirtualHost>
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<VirtualHost 192.168.0.15:443>
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SSLEngine on
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SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
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SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key
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DocumentRoot /var/www/owncloud/
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<Directory /var/www/owncloud>
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Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
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AllowOverride All
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Order allow,deny
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Allow from all
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</Directory>
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</VirtualHost>
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Enable the rewrite module and restart Apache:
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# a2enmod rewrite
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# service apache2 restart
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Open your ownCloud instance. Notice that even if you try to use plain HTTP, you will be automatically redirected to HTTPS.
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Be advised that even having followed the above steps, the first time that you launch your ownCloud instance, an error message will be displayed stating that the certificate has not been issued by a trusted authority (that is because we created a self-signed certificate). You can safely ignore this message, but if you are considering deploying ownCloud in a production server, you may want to purchase a certificate from a trusted company.
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### Create an Account ###
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Now we are ready to create an ownCloud admin account.
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Welcome to your new personal cloud! Note that you can install a desktop or mobile client app to sync your files, calendars, contacts and more.
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In the upper right corner, click on your user name, and a drop-down menu is displayed:
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Click on Personal to change your settings, such as password, display name, email address, profile picture, and more.
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### ownCloud Use Case: Access Calendar ###
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Let's start by adding an event to your calendar and later downloading it.
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Click on the upper left corner drop-down menu and choose Calendar.
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Add a new event and save it to your calendar.
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Download your calendar and add it to your Thunderbird calendar by going to 'Event and Tasks' -> 'Import...' -> 'Select file':
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TIP: You also need to set your time zone in order to successfully import your calendar in another application (by default, the Calendar application uses the UTC +00:00 time zone). To change the time zone, go to the bottom left corner and click on the small gear icon. The Calendar settings menu will appear and you will be able to select your time zone:
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### ownCloud Use Case: Upload a File ###
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Next, we will upload a file from the client computer.
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Go to the Files menu (upper left corner) and click on the up arrow to open a select-file dialog.
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Select a file and click on Open.
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You can then open/edit the selected file, move it into another folder, or delete it.
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### Conclusion ###
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ownCloud is a versatile and powerful cloud storage that makes the transition from another provider quick, easy, and painless. In addition, it is FOSS, and with little time and effort you can configure it to meet all your needs. For further information, you can always refer to the [User][3], [Admin][4], or [Developer][5] manuals.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/08/install-configure-owncloud-debian.html
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作者：[Gabriel Cánepa][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.gabrielcanepa.com.ar/
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[1]:http://owncloud.org/
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[2]:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/rewrite/flags.html
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[3]:http://doc.owncloud.org/server/7.0/ownCloudUserManual.pdf
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[4]:http://doc.owncloud.org/server/7.0/ownCloudAdminManual.pdf
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[5]:http://doc.owncloud.org/server/7.0/ownCloudDeveloperManual.pdf
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How to use on-screen virtual keyboard on Linux
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================================================================================
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On-screen virtual keyboard is an alternative input method that can replace a real hardware keyboard. Virtual keyboard may be a necessity in various cases. For example, your hardware keyboard is just broken; you do not have enough keyboards for extra machines; your hardware does not have an available port left to connect a keyboard; you are a disabled person with difficulty in typing on a real keyboard; or you are building a touchscreen-based web kiosk.
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On-screen keyboard can also be a protection mechanism against a hardware keylogger which silently records your keystrokes for sensitive information such as passwords. Some online banking sites actually force you to use a virtual keyboard for security-enhanced transactions.
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In Linux environment, there are a couple of open-source virtual keyboard software available, e.g., [GOK (GNOME Onscreen Keyboard)][1], [kvkbd][2], [onboard][3], [Florence][4].
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In this tutorial, I am going to focus on Florence, and show you **how to set up a virtual keyboard with Florence.**. Florence comes with a number of nice features such as flexible layout, multiple input methods, auto-hide, etc. As part of the tutorial, I will also demonstrate **how to use Ubuntu desktop with a mouse only**.
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### Install Florence Virtual Keyboard on Linux ###
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Fortunately, Florence is available on base repositories of most Linux distros.
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On Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint:
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$ sudo apt-get install florence
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On Fedora, CentOS or RHEL ([EPEL repo][5] is required for CentOS/RHEL):
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$ sudo yum install florence
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On Mandriva or Mageia:
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$ sudo urpmi florence
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For Archlinux users, the package is available in [AUR][6].
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Configure and Launch Virtual Keyboard
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Once you install Florence, you can launch virtual keyboard simply by typing:
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$ florence
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By default, the virtual keyboard is always on top of other windows, allowing you to type on any active window easily.
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To change default settings of Florence, click on tool key on the left side of the keyboard.
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In "style" menu of Florence settings, you can customize keyboard style, and enable/disable sound effect.
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In "window" menu, you can adjust keyboard background transparency and key opacity, as well as control keyboard ratio, taskbar, resizability and always-on-top features. Transparency and opacity adjustment can be useful if your screen resolution is not high enough, so the virtual keyboard is blocking other windows. In this example, I switch to transparent keyboard, and set opacity to 50%.
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In "behaviour" menu, you can change an input method. Florence supports several different input methods: mouse, touch screen, timer and ramble. The default input is mouse method. The last two methods do not require button clicks. With timer method, key press is triggered by locating a pointer at the key for a certain amount of time. The ramble method works similar to **timer** input, but with dexterity and training, can type much faster than **timer** method.
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In "layout" menu, you can change the keyboard layout. For example, you can extend the keyboard layout to include navigation keys, numeric keys, and function keys.
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### Use Ubuntu Desktop with Mouse Only ###
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I am going to demonstrate how to integrate Florence with Ubuntu desktop, so that we can access the desktop without a hardware keyboard. While this tutorial is specific to Ubuntu desktop with LightDM (Ubuntu's default display manager), a similar environment can be set up for other desktop environments.
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The initial setup requires a hardware keyboard, but once the setup is completed, you only need a mouse, but not the keyboard.
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When you boot up Ubuntu desktop, the boot procedure ends with launch of a display manager (or login manager) with Greeter interface, where you type in your login info. By default, Ubuntu desktop uses LightDM with Unity Greeter interface. Without a hardware keyboard, you cannot enter username and password at the login screen.
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To be able to launch a virtual keyboard at the login screen, install GTK+ Greeter, which comes with on-screen keyboard support.
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$ sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter
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Then, open a Greeter configuration file (/etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf) with a text editor, and specify Florence as an on-screen keyboard to use. Instead of Florence, you could also use onboard, Ubuntu's default on-screen keyboard.
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$ sudo vi /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf
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----------
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[greeter]
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keyboard=florence --no-gnome --focus &
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Let's reboot Ubuntu desktop, and verify whether you can use virtual keyboard at the login screen.
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When you see the GTK+ Greeter's login screen after boot, click on a human symbol icon on the top right corner. You will see "On Screen Keyboard" menu option as follows.
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Click on this option, and a virtual keyboard will pop up on the login screen. Now you should be able to log in by tapping on the on-screen keyboard.
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For those GDM2/GDM3 users, the Florence official site offers [documentation][7] on using virtual keyboard at GDM2/GDM3 screen.
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The last step to make our Ubuntu desktop fully keyboard-less is to have virtual keyboard auto-start upon login, so that we can use our desktop without a hardware keyboard even after logging in. For that, create the following desktop file.
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$ mkdir -p ~/.config/autostart
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$ vi ~/.config/autostart/florence.desktop
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----------
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[Desktop Entry]
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Type=Application
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Name=Virtual Keyboard
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Comment=Auto-start virtual keyboard
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Exec=florence --no-gnome
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This will make virtual keyboard appear as soon as you log in to the desktop.
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Hope this tutorial is useful to you. As you can see, Florence is quite powerful virtual keyboard which can be used for different purposes. Let me know if you have any use case for virtual keyboard.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/08/onscreen-virtual-keyboard-linux.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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[1]:https://developer.gnome.org/gok/
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[2]:http://homepage3.nifty.com/tsato/xvkbd/
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[3]:https://launchpad.net/onboard
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[4]:http://florence.sourceforge.net/
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[5]:http://xmodulo.com/2013/03/how-to-set-up-epel-repository-on-centos.html
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[6]:https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/florence/
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[7]:http://florence.sourceforge.net/english/how-to.html
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Remarkable: A New MarkDown Editor For Linux
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================================================================================
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[Remarkable][1] is a new free fully featured Markdown editor for Linux distributions. It has features such as Live preview making markdown coding easier. It a lightweight editor and also has a simply User Interface (UI).
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Below are the main features of Remarkable:
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- Live Preview
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- Github Markdown
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- Export to PDF and HTML
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- Custom CSS
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- Syntax Highlighting
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- Completely Customizable
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- Live Word Count
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- Keyboard Shortcuts
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Also checkout [this YouTube video][2] about Remarkable on Linux.
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### Installation ###
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Remarkable is available to compile from source other sources for your various distros. Below are some distros and their instalations.
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#### Ubuntu / Linux Mint: ####
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- [Dowbnload .DEB][3]
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#### Fedora: ####
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- [Download .RPM][4]
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#### Arch Linux (AUR): ####
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sudo yaourt -S remarkable
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Enjoy!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.unixmen.com/remarkable-new-markdown-editor-linux/
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作者：[Enock Seth Nyamador][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.unixmen.com/author/seth/
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[1]:http://remarkableapp.net/
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[2]:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UpjAIcXti9s
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[3]:http://remarkableapp.net/files/remarkable_0.965_all.deb
|
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[4]:http://remarkableapp.net/files/remarkable-0.965.rpm
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user