diff --git a/translated/tech/20180103 How To Find The Installed Proprietary Packages In Arch Linux.md b/translated/tech/20180103 How To Find The Installed Proprietary Packages In Arch Linux.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b83a1f6ce2 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20180103 How To Find The Installed Proprietary Packages In Arch Linux.md @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +如何在 Arch Linux 中查找已安装的专有软件包？ +====== +![](https://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Absolutely-Proprietary-720x340.jpg) +你是狂热的自由软件支持者吗？你目前在使用任何基于 Arch 的 Linux 发行版吗？我有一个小小的提示送给你！现在，你可以轻松地在 Arch Linux 及其变体（如 Antergos, Manjaro Linux 等）中找到已安装的专有软件包。你无需在已安装软件包的网站中参考其许可细节，也无需使用任何外部工具来查明软件包是自由的还是专有的。（译注：其实下面还是借助了一个外部程序） + +### 在 Arch Linux 中查找已安装的专有软件包 + +一位开发人员开发了一个名为 **"Absolutely Proprietary"** 的实用程序，它是一种用于基于 Arch 发行版的专有软件包检测器。它将基于 Arch 系统中的所有安装包与 Parabola 的 [blacklist（黑名单）][1]软件包和 [aur-blacklist][2] 进行比较，然后打印你的 **Stallman Freedom Index（ Stallman 自由指数）** (free/total（自由/总计）)。此外，你可以将列表保存到文件中，并与其他系统/用户共享或比较。 + +在安装之前，确保你安装了 **python** 和 **git**。 + +然后，git clone 仓库： +``` +git clone https://github.com/vmavromatis/absolutely-proprietary.git +``` + +这条命令将会下载所有内容到你当前工作目录中的 'absolutely-proprietary' 目录。 + +进入此目录： +``` +cd absolutely-proprietary +``` + +接着，使用以下命令查找已安装的专有软件： +``` +python main.py +``` + +这条命令将会下载 blacklist.txt, aur-blacklist.txt，并将本地已安装的软件包与远程软件包进行比较并显示（to 校正者：原文这里似乎没写完）不同。 + +以下是在我的 Arch Linux 桌面的示例输出: +``` +Retrieving local packages (including AUR)... +Downloading https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/blacklist.txt +Downloading https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/aur-blacklist.txt +Comparing local packages to remote... +============================================= +47 ABSOLUTELY PROPRIETARY PACKAGES INSTALLED +============================================= + +Your GNU/Linux is infected with 47 proprietary packages out of 1370 total installed. +Your Stallman Freedom Index is 96.57 + ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| Name | Status | Libre Alternatives | Description | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| chromium-pepper-flash | nonfree | | proprietary Google Chrome EULA, missing sources | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| faac | nonfree | | [FIXME:description] is a GPL'ed package, but has non free code that can't be distributed und| ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| libunrar | nonfree | | part of nonfree unrar, Issue442 | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| opera | nonfree | | nonfree, nondistributable, built from binary installers, etc | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| shutter | nonfree | | need registered user to download (and access website) the source code and depends perl-net-d| ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| ttf-ms-fonts | nonfree | | | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| ttf-ubuntu-font-family | nonfree | | Ubuntu font license considered non-free by DFSG and Fedora | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| unace | nonfree | | license forbids making competing ACE archivers from unace | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| unrar | nonfree | unar | | +| | | fsf | | +| | | unrar | | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| virtualbox | nonfree | | contains BIOS which needs a nonfree compiler to build from source (OpenWatcom compiler), doe| ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| wordnet | nonfree | | | ++------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ + + +Save list to file? (Y/n) +``` + +[![][3]][4] + +如你所见，我的系统中有 47 个专有软件包。就像我说的那样，我们可以将它保存到文件中稍后查看。为此，当提示你将列表保存在文件时，请按 ‘y’。然后按 ‘y’ 接受默认值或点击 ‘n’，以你喜欢的格式和位置来保存它。 +``` +Save list to file? (Y/n) y +Save as markdown table? (Y/n) y +Save it to (/tmp/tmpkuky_082.md): y +The list is saved at /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md + +You can review it from the command line +using the "less -S /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md" +or, if installed, the "most /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md" commands +``` + +你可能已经注意到，我只有 **nonfree** 包。它还会显示另外两种类型的软件包，例如 semifree, uses-nonfree。 + + * **nonfree**：这个软件包是公然的非自由软件。 + * **semifree**：这个软件包大部分是免费的，但包含一些非自由软件。 + * **uses-nonfree**：这个软件包依赖，推荐或不恰当地与其他自由软件或服务集成。 + +该使用程序的另一个显著特点是它不仅显示了专有软件包，而且还显示这些包的替代品。 + +希望这有些帮助。我很快就会在这里提供另一份有用的指南。敬请关注！ + +干杯! + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.ostechnix.com/find-installed-proprietary-packages-arch-linux/ + +作者：[SK][a] +译者：[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/ +[1]:https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/blacklist.txt +[2]:https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/aur-blacklist.txt +[3]:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7 +[4]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Proprietary-Packages-1-1.png ()