diff --git a/sources/tech/20200922 Run Linux apps on your Chromebook.md b/sources/tech/20200922 Run Linux apps on your Chromebook.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..473d455b3e --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20200922 Run Linux apps on your Chromebook.md @@ -0,0 +1,187 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (Run Linux apps on your Chromebook) +[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/9/linux-chromebook) +[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins) + +Run Linux apps on your Chromebook +====== +Run all the Linux apps you want using Crostini on your Chromebook. +![Person drinking a hot drink at the computer][1] + +Chromebooks have been a game-changer for PreK-12 school systems, enabling them to purchase low-cost laptop computers for students, teachers, and administrators to use. While [Chromebooks][2] have always been powered by a Linux-based operating system (Chrome OS), until recently, there was no way to run most Linux apps on one. But that changed when Google released [Crostini][3], a virtual machine that allows Chromebooks to run Linux (Beta). + +Most Chromebooks released after 2019 and some earlier models can run Crostini and Linux (Beta). Check this [list of supported devices][4] to see if your Chromebook is on it. Fortunately, my Acer Chromebook 15 with 2GB RAM and an Intel Celeron processor is supported. + +![Acer Chromebook specs][5] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +I recommend using a Chromebook with 4GB RAM and more disk space if you plan to install a lot of Linux applications. + +### Set up Linux (Beta) + +After you sign into your Chromebook, "mouse over" to the lower-right corner of the screen where the clock is displayed, and left-click there. A panel will open with options at the top (from left to right) to sign out, shut down, lock, and open Settings. Choose the **Settings** icon. + +![Chromebook Settings button][7] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +Look on the left side of the **Settings** panel, and you will see **Linux (Beta)** listed. + +![Chromebook Settings][8] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +Click on **Linux (Beta),** and the main panel will change to present an option to launch it. Click the **Turn on** button. + +![Turn on Linux \(Beta\)][9] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +It will start the process of setting up a Linux environment on your Chromebook. + +![Setting up Linux \(Beta\)][10] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +Next, you will be prompted to enter a **Username** and the size you want your Linux installation to be. + +![Setting up Linux \(Beta\)][11] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +It takes a few minutes to install Linux on your Chromebook. + +![Installing Linux \(Beta\)][12] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +After the installation completes, you can use Linux on your Chromebook. The menu bar on the bottom of your Chromebook's display has a shortcut to a **terminal**, a text-based interface you can use to interact with Linux. + +![Linux \(Beta\) terminal][13] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +You can use [common Linux commands][14] like `ls`, `lscpu`, and `top` to see more of your environment. You can install applications using `sudo apt install`. + +### Install your first Linux application + +Being able to install and run free and open source software on a Chromebook can be a real winner for financially constrained school districts. + +The first application I recommend installing is the [Mu editor][15] for Python. Install it by entering the following into your terminal: + + +``` +`$ sudo apt install mu-editor` +``` + +It takes a bit over five minutes to install, but in the end, you'll have access to a really good Python editor for students and anyone else who wants to learn Python. + +I've had great success using [Mu and Python as a learning tool][16]. For example, I have taught my students to write code for Python's turtle module and execute it to create graphics. I was disappointed that I wasn't able to use Mu with a [BBC:Microbit][17] open hardware board. Even though the Microbit connects to USB and there is USB support in the Chromebook's Linux virtual environment, I couldn't make it work. + +![Mu editor][18] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +Once you've installed an application, it will show up in a special **Linux Apps** menu, which you can see on the lower-right of this screenshot. + +![Linux Apps menu][19] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +### Install other applications + +You can install more than just a programming language and code editor. In fact, you can install most of your favorite open source applications. + +For example, you can install the LibreOffice suite with: + + +``` +`$ sudo apt install libreoffice` +``` + +The open source audio software [Audacity][20] is one of my other favorite classroom applications. My Chromebook's microphone works with Audacity, making it easy to create podcasts or edit free sounds from [Wikimedia Commons][21]. It's easy to install Audacity on a Chromebook—with the Crostini virtual environment running, open the terminal and enter: + + +``` +`$ sudo apt install audacity` +``` + +Then launch Audacity from the command line or look for it in the **Linux Apps** section of the Chromebook menu. + +![Audacity][22] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +I also easily installed [TuxMath][23] and [TuxType][24], a couple of great applications for education. I was even able to install and run the image editor [GIMP][25]. All the Linux applications come from Debian Linux repositories. + +![GIMP][26] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +### Share files + +There is a utility within Linux (Beta) to back up and restore your files. You can also share files between your Linux (Beta) virtual machine and your Chromebook by opening the **Files** app on the Chromebook and right-clicking on the folder you want to share. You can choose to share all of your Chromebook files or create a special folder for shared files. While you are in the Linux virtual machine, you can access this folder by browsing to `/mnt/chromeos`. + +![Sharing files][27] + +(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]) + +### Learn more + +The [documentation][28] for Linux (Beta) is very complete, so read it thoroughly to learn more about its capabilities. Some key takeaways from the documentation are: + + * Cameras are not yet supported. + * Android devices are supported over USB. + * Hardware acceleration is not yet supported. + * You can access the microphone. + + + +Are you using Linux applications on your Chromebook? Tell us all about it in the comments! + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/20/9/linux-chromebook + +作者:[Don Watkins][a] +选题:[lujun9972][b] +译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/coffee_tea_laptop_computer_work_desk.png?itok=D5yMx_Dr (Person drinking a hot drink at the computer) +[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromebook +[3]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/docs/+/master/containers_and_vms.md +[4]: https://www.chromium.org/chromium-os/chrome-os-systems-supporting-linux +[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-specs.png (Acer Chromebook specs) +[6]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ +[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-settings.png (Chromebook Settings button) +[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-linux-beta.png (Chromebook Settings) +[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-launch-linux-beta.png (Turn on Linux (Beta)) +[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-setup-linux-beta_0.png (Setting up Linux (Beta)) +[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-linux-beta-username.png (Setting up Linux (Beta)) +[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-linux-beta-install.png (Installing Linux (Beta)) +[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-linux-terminal.png (Linux (Beta) terminal) +[14]: https://opensource.com/downloads/linux-common-commands-cheat-sheet +[15]: https://codewith.mu +[16]: https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teaching-python-mu +[17]: https://opensource.com/article/19/8/getting-started-bbc-microbit +[18]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-mu.png (Mu editor) +[19]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-linux-apps.png (Linux Apps menu) +[20]: https://www.audacityteam.org/ +[21]: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Free_media_resources/Sound +[22]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-audacity.png (Audacity) +[23]: https://sourceforge.net/projects/tuxmath/ +[24]: https://sourceforge.net/projects/tuxtype/ +[25]: https://www.gimp.org/ +[26]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-gimp.png (GIMP) +[27]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/chromebook-linux-share-files.png (Sharing files) +[28]: https://support.google.com/chromebook/answer/9145439?p=chromebook_linuxapps&b=banon-signed-mpkeys&visit_id=637346541887671598-1548999339&rd=1