From 9f7d05031eed9cae9be79383c6147e0efda013b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: WWWN Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2019 22:20:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] translated sed cmd --- ...Lines from a File Using the sed Command.md | 126 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 62 insertions(+), 64 deletions(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190823 How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command.md b/sources/tech/20190823 How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command.md index 4cec658e7d..0660b7ce93 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190823 How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190823 How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command.md @@ -1,32 +1,32 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (hello-wn) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command) -[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-remove-delete-lines-in-file-sed-command/) -[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/) +[#]: collector: "lujun9972" +[#]: translator: "hello-wn" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " +[#]: subject: "How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command" +[#]: via: "https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-remove-delete-lines-in-file-sed-command/" +[#]: author: "Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/" -How to Delete Lines from a File Using the sed Command +如何使用 sed 命令删除文件中的行 ====== -Sed command stands for Stream Editor, is used to perform basic text transformations in Linux. +Sed 代表流编辑器Stream Editor，常用于 Linux 中基本的文本处理。 -sed is one of the important command, which plays major role for file manipulation. It can be used to delete or remove specific lines which matches a given pattern. +sed 命令是 Linux 中的重要命令之一，在文件处理方面有着重要作用。可用于删除或移动与给定模式匹配的特定行，还可以删除文件中的特定行。 -Also, it’s used to remove a particular line in a file. +它还能够从文件中删除表达式，文件可以通过指定分隔符（例如逗号、制表符或空格）进行标识。 -It’s capable to delete expressions as well from a file, which can be identified by a specifying delimiter (such as a comma, tab, or space). -There are fifteen examples are listed in this article, which helps you to become a master in sed command. -If you understand and remember all these commands that can be useful in many ways. Also, it saves lot of time when you have some requirements to perform sed command. +本文列出了 15 个使用范例，它们可以帮助你掌握 sed 命令。 -**`Note:`**` ` Since it’s demonstration purpose so, i use sed command without `-i` option which prints the contents of the file on Linux terminal by removing the lines. +如果你能理解并且记住这些命令，在你需要使用 sed 时，这些命令就能派上用场，帮你节约很多时间。 -But, if you would like to remove the lines from the source file in real environment then use `-i` option with sed command. +**`注意:`**` ` 为了方便演示，我在执行 sed 命令时，不使用 `-i` 选项，因为这个选项会直接修改文件内容。 -To test this, i have created the sed-demo.txt file and added the following contents with line number for better understanding. +但是，如果你想在实际环境中从源文件中删除行，请在 sed 命令中使用 `-i` 选项。 + +演示之前，我创建了 sed-demo.txt 文件，并添加了以下内容和相应行号以便更好地理解。 ``` # cat sed-demo.txt @@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ To test this, i have created the sed-demo.txt file and added the following conte 10 openSUSE ``` -### 1) How to Delete First Line from a File? +### 1) 如何删除文件的第一行？ -If you would like to delete first line from a file, use the following syntax. +使用以下语法删除文件首行。 -**`N`**` ` denotes Nth line in a file and d option in sed command is used to delete a line. +**`N`**` ` 表示文件中的第 N 行，`d`选项在 sed 命令中用于删除一行。 -**Syntax:** +**语法:** ``` sed 'Nd' file ``` -The below sed command removes the first line in sed-demo.txt file. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中的第一行。 ``` # sed '1d' sed-demo.txt @@ -71,13 +71,13 @@ The below sed command removes the first line in sed-demo.txt file. 10 openSUSE ``` -### 2) How to Delete Last Line from a File? +### 2) 如何删除文件的最后一行？ -If you would like to delete first line from a file, use the following syntax. +使用以下语法删除文件最后一行。 -The **`$`**` ` denotes the last line of a file. + **`$`**` ` 符号表示文件的最后一行。 -The below sed command removes the last line in sed-demo.txt file. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中的最后一行。 ``` # sed '$d' sed-demo.txt @@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ The below sed command removes the last line in sed-demo.txt file. 9 Ubuntu ``` -### 3) How to Delete Particular Line from a File? +### 3) 如何删除指定行？ -The below sed command removes the third line in sed-demo.txt file. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中的第 3 行。 ``` # sed '3d' sed-demo.txt @@ -111,9 +111,9 @@ The below sed command removes the third line in sed-demo.txt file. 10 openSUSE ``` -### 4) How to Delete Range of Lines from a File? +### 4) 如何删除指定范围内的行？ -The below sed command removes the lines ranging from 5 to 7. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中的第 5 到 7 行。 ``` # sed '5,7d' sed-demo.txt @@ -127,11 +127,11 @@ The below sed command removes the lines ranging from 5 to 7. 10 openSUSE ``` -### 5) How to Delete Multiple Lines from a File? +### 5) 如何删除多行内容？ -The sed command is capable to removes set of given lines. +sed 命令能够删除给定行的集合。 -In this example, the following sed command removes 1st line, 5th line, 9th line, and last line. +本例中，下面的 sed 命令删除了第 1 行、第 5 行、第 9 行和最后一行。 ``` # sed '1d;5d;9d;$d' sed-demo.txt @@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ In this example, the following sed command removes 1st line, 5th line, 9th line, 8 Debian ``` -### 5a) How to Delete Lines Other Than the Specified Range from a File? +### 5a) 如何删除指定范围以外的行？ -Use the following sed command to remove all the lines from the file only except specified range. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中第 3 到 6 行范围以外的所有行。 ``` # sed '3,6!d' sed-demo.txt @@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ Use the following sed command to remove all the lines from the file only except 6 Arch Linux ``` -### 6) How to Delete Empty or Blank Lines from a File? +### 6) 如何删除空行？ -The following sed command removes the empty or blank lines from sed-demo.txt file. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中的空行。 ``` # sed '/^$/d' sed-demo.txt @@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ The following sed command removes the empty or blank lines from sed-demo.txt fil 10 openSUSE ``` -### 7) How to Delete Lines That Contain a Pattern from a File? +### 7) 如何删除包含某个表达式Pattern的行？ -The following sed command removes the lines in sed-demo.txt file which match the **`System`**` ` pattern. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中匹配到 **`System`**` ` 表达式的行。 ``` # sed '/System/d' sed-demo.txt @@ -193,9 +193,9 @@ The following sed command removes the lines in sed-demo.txt file which match the 10 openSUSE ``` -### 8) How to Delete Lines That Containing One of Multiple Strings from a File? +### 8) 如何删除包含字符串集合中某个字符串的行？ -The following sed command removes the lines in sed-demo.txt file which match the **`System`**` ` or **`Linux`**` ` pattern. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 sed-demo.txt 中匹配到 **`System`**` ` 或 **`Linux`**` ` 表达式的行。 ``` # sed '/System\|Linux/d' sed-demo.txt @@ -209,11 +209,9 @@ The following sed command removes the lines in sed-demo.txt file which match the 10 openSUSE ``` -### 9) How to Delete Lines That Begin with Specified Character from a File? +### 9) 如何删除以指定字符开头的行？ -The following sed command removes all the lines that start with given character. - -To test this, i have created another file called sed-demo-1.txt with following contents. +为了测试，我创建了 sed-demo-1.txt 文件，并添加了以下内容。 ``` # cat sed-demo-1.txt @@ -230,7 +228,7 @@ Arch Linux - 1 3 4 5 6 ``` -The following sed command removes all the lines that start with character **`R`**` `. +使用以下 sed 命令删除以 **`R`**` ` 字符开头的所有行。 ``` # sed '/^R/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -245,7 +243,7 @@ Arch Linux - 1 3 4 5 6 ``` -The following sed command removes all the lines that start with character either **`R`**` ` or **`F`**` `. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 **`R`**` ` 或者 **`F`**` ` 字符开头的所有行。 ``` # sed '/^[RF]/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -259,9 +257,9 @@ Arch Linux - 1 3 4 5 6 ``` -### 10) How to Delete Lines That End with Specified Character from a File? +### 10) 如何删除以指定字符结尾的行？ -The following sed command removes all the lines that end with character **`m`**` `. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 **`m`**` ` 字符结尾的所有行。 ``` # sed '/m$/d' sed-demo.txt @@ -276,7 +274,7 @@ The following sed command removes all the lines that end with character **`m`**` 10 openSUSE ``` -The following sed command removes all the lines that end with character either **`x`**` ` or **`m`**` `. +使用以下 sed 命令删除 **`x`**` ` 或者 **`m`**` ` 字符结尾的所有行。 ``` # sed '/[xm]$/d' sed-demo.txt @@ -290,9 +288,9 @@ The following sed command removes all the lines that end with character either * 10 openSUSE ``` -### 11) How to Delete All Lines That Start with Capital Letters +### 11) 如何删除所有大写字母开头的行？ -Use the following sed command to remove all the lines that start with entirely in capital letters. +使用以下 sed 命令删除所有大写字母开头的行。 ``` # sed '/^[A-Z]/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -303,9 +301,9 @@ ubuntu 3 4 5 6 ``` -### 12) How to Delete a Matching Pattern Lines with Specified Range in a File? +### 12) 如何删除指定范围内匹配到表达式Pattern的行？ -The below sed command removes the pattern **`Linux`**` ` only if it is present in the lines from 1 to 6. +使用以下 sed 命令删除第 1 到 6 行中包含 **`Linux`**` ` 表达式的行。 ``` # sed '1,6{/Linux/d;}' sed-demo.txt @@ -320,9 +318,9 @@ The below sed command removes the pattern **`Linux`**` ` only if it is present i 10 openSUSE ``` -### 13) How to Delete Pattern Matching Line and also the Next Line? +### 13) 如何删除匹配到表达式Pattern的行及其下一行？ -Use the following sed command to delete the line which containing the pattern ‘System’ and also the next line. +使用以下 sed 命令删除包含 `System` 表达式的行以及它的下一行。 ``` # sed '/System/{N;d;}' sed-demo.txt @@ -337,9 +335,9 @@ Use the following sed command to delete the line which containing the pattern 10 openSUSE ``` -### 14) How Delete lines that contains Digits from a File? +### 14) 如何删除包含数字的行？ -The below sed command removes all the lines that contains digits. +使用以下 sed 命令删除所有包含数字的行。 ``` # sed '/[0-9]/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -353,7 +351,7 @@ debian ubuntu ``` -The below sed command removes all the lines Begin with digits. +使用以下 sed 命令删除所有以数字开头的行。 ``` # sed '/^[0-9]/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -368,7 +366,7 @@ ubuntu Arch Linux - 1 ``` -The below sed command removes all the lines End with digits. +使用以下 sed 命令删除所有以数字结尾的行。 ``` # sed '/[0-9]$/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -383,9 +381,9 @@ ubuntu 2 - Manjaro ``` -### 15) How Delete lines that contains Alphabetic Characters from a File? +### 15) 如何删除包含字母的行？ -The below sed command removes all the lines that contains alphabetic characters. +使用以下 sed 命令删除所有包含字母的行。 ``` # sed '/[A-Za-z]/d' sed-demo-1.txt @@ -398,7 +396,7 @@ via: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-remove-delete-lines-in-file-sed-command/ 作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者：[hello-wn](https://github.com/hello-wn) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出