diff --git a/sources/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md b/sources/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md deleted file mode 100644 index 0cd3f9772b..0000000000 --- a/sources/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,287 +0,0 @@ -重出江湖 :p 翻译Ing Luox - -10 Linux/Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples -================================================================================ -![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/unix-llnux-shell-job-control-series.jpg) - -Linux and Unix are multitasking operating systems i.e. a system that can run multiple tasks (process) during the same period of time. In this new blog series, I am going to list the Linux and Unix job control commands that you can use for multitasking with the Bash or Korn or POSIX shell. - -### What is a job control? ### - -Job control is nothing but the ability to stop/suspend the execution of processes (commands) and continue/resume their execution as per your requirements. This is done using your operating system and shell such as bash/ksh or POSIX shell. - -### Who provides a facility to control jobs? ### - -The Bash / Korn shell, or POSIX shell provides a facility to control jobs. - -### Say hello to job table ### - -Your shell keeps a table of current jobs, called job table. When you type command the shell assigns a jobID (also known as JOB_SPEC). A jobID or JOB_SPEC is nothing but small integer numbers. - -#### #1: Creating your first Linux/Unix job #### - -I am going to run a command called xeyes that displays two googly eyes on screen, enter: - - $ xeyes & - -Sample outputs: - -[![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/run-xeyes-command-in-background.jpg)][4] -*Fig.01: Running the xeyes command in the background* - -I started a job in the background with an ampersand (&). The shell prints a line that looks like the following: - - [1] 6891 - -In this example, two numbers are output as follows - -- [1] : The xeyes job, which was started in the background, was job number 1. -- 6891 : A process ID of job number 1. - -I am going to start a few more jobs: - - ## Start a text editor, system load average display for X, and sleep command ## - gedit /tmp/hello.c & - xload & - sleep 100000 & - -#### #2: List the current jobs #### - -To [see the status of active jobs in the current shell][1], type: - - $ jobs - $ jobs -l - -Sample outputs: - - [1] 9379 Running xeyes & - [2] 9380 Running gedit /tmp/hello.c & - [3]- 9420 Running xload & - [4]+ 9421 Running sleep 100000 & - -A brief description of each field is given below: - -(注：表格部分，这样发表出来应该会方便看一点) -
FieldValueDescriptionExample(s)
1[1]jobID or JOB_SPEC - Job number to use with the fg, bg, wait, kill and other shell commands. You must prefix the job number with a percent sign (%).
A plus sign (+) identifies the default or current job.
A minus sign (-) identifies the previous job.		%1
fg %1
kill %2
29379Process ID - An identification unique number that is automatically assigned to each process when it is created on the system.kill 9379
3Runningstate - The state of job:
Running - The job is currently running and has not been suspended by a signal.
Stopped - The job was suspended.
N/A
4xeyes &command - The command that was given to the shell.script &
firefox url&
- -You can also use ps command to list the processes running on the system: - - $ ps - -#### #3: Stop or suspend running jobs #### - -Hit the [Ctrl]-[Z] key or use [kill command][2] as follows: - - kill -s stop PID - -In this example, start [ping command][3] and use the Ctrl-Z key sequence to stop the ping command job: - -[![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/suspend-unix-job-command.gif)][5] -*Animated gif 01: Suspending ping command job* - -#### #4: Resume suspended/stopped job in the foreground #### - -Let us [resume or bring stopped ping job to the foreground][6] and make it the current job with the help of [fg command][7]. The syntax is as follows: - - ## Job id number 5 for ping command ## - fg %5 - -I can also state any job whose command line begins with the string "ping": - - ## %String ## - fg %ping - -Sample outputs: - - 64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=3 ttl=53 time=265 ms - 64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=4 ttl=53 time=249 ms - 64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=5 ttl=53 time=267 ms - ^C - -#### #5: Resume suspended/stopped job in the background #### - -In this example, I am going to update all installed packages on Red Hat or CentOS Linux production server using [yum command][8] background job: - - # yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & - -However, due to some reason (say load issue) I decided to stop this job for 20 minutes: - - # kill -s stop %yum - -Sample outputs: - - [7]+ Stopped yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & - -#### Restart a stopped background yum process with bg #### - -Now, I am going to [resume stopped the yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & job][9], type: - - # bg %7 - -OR - - # bg %yum - -Sample outputs: - - [7]+ yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & - -#### #6: Kill a job / process #### - -To stop/kill a [yum command][10] process, enter the following [kill command][11] whose jobID was 7: - - # kill %7 - -OR - - # kill pid - -Sample outputs: - - [7]+ Terminated yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & - -On Linux/FreeBSD/OS X Unix you can [use killall command to kill process by name instead of PID][12] or jobID. - -#### #7 Why does shell kill off all my background jobs when I logout? #### - -In this example, I am going to start pdfwriter.py job to generate pdf files for [this site][13] in bulk: - - ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq --type=clean --header=logo\ - --footer-left "nixCraft is GIT UL++++ W+++ C++++ M+ e+++ d-" \ - --footer-right "Page [of] of [total]" & - -As soon as I logout from shell, pdfwriter.py job will be killed by my shell. To overcome this problem use [disown shell builting command to tell the shell not to send a HUP signal][14], type: - - $ ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq .... & - $ disown - $ exit - -#### #8 Prevent job from being killed on logout using an external command called nohup #### - -You can also use [nohup command to execute jobs after you exit from a shell prompt][15]: - - $ nohup ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq .... & - $ exit - -#### #9: Finding the PID of last job #### - -To find the the process ID of the most recently executed background (asynchronous) command, use bash shell special parameter $! - - $ gedit foo.txt & - $ echo "PID of most recently executed background job - $!" - -Sample outputs: - - PID of most recently executed background job - 9421 - -#### #10: Wait for job completion #### - -The wait command waits for given process ID or jobID (job specification) , and reports its termination status. The syntax is as follows: - - /path/to/large-job/command/foo & - wait $! - /path/to/next/job/that-is-dependents/on-foo-command/bar - -Here is one of my working script: - - #!/bin/bash - # A shell script wrapper to create pdf files for our blog/faq section - ######################################################################## - # init() - Must be run first - # Purpose - Create index file in $_tmp for all our wordpress databases - ######################################################################## - init(){ - _php="/usr/bin/php" - _phpargs="-d apc.enabled=0" - _base="~/scripts" - _tmp="$_base/tmp" - _what="$1" - for i in $_what - do - [[ ! -d "$_tmp/$i" ]] && /bin/mkdir "$_tmp/$i" - $_php $_phpargs -f "$_base/php/rawsqlmaster${i}.php" > "$_tmp/$i/output.txt" - done - } - - ##################################################### - # Without index file, we can out generate pdf files - ##################################################### - init blog - - ########################################################### - # Do not run the rest of the script until init() finished - ########################################################### - wait $! - - ## Alright, create pdf files - ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=blog --type=clean --header=logo\ - --footer-left "nixCraft is GIT UL++++ W+++ C++++ M+ e+++ d-" \ - --footer-right "Page [of] of [total]" - -#### Linux and Unix job control command list summery #### - -
CommandDescriptionExample(s)
&Put the job in the backgroundcommand &
%nSet the job with the given n (number)command %1
%WordRefer the job whose command line begins with the Wordcommand %yum
%?WordRefer any job whose command line contains the Wordcommand %?ping
%%
%+		Refer to the current jobkill %%
kill %+
%-Refer to the previous jobbg %-
CTRL-Z
kill -s stop jobID		Suspend or stop the jobkill -s stop %ping
jobs
jobs -l		List the active jobsjobs -l
bgPut jobs to the backgroundbg %1
bg %ping
fgPut job to the foregroundfg %2
fg %apt-get
- -#### A note about shell built-in and external commands #### - -Run the following type command to find out whether given command is internal or external: - - type -a fg bg jobs disown - -Sample outputs: - - fg is a shell builtin - fg is /usr/bin/fg - bg is a shell builtin - bg is /usr/bin/bg - jobs is a shell builtin - jobs is /usr/bin/jobs - disown is a shell builtin - -In almost all cases, you need to use shell built-in commands. All external commands such as /usr/bin/fg or /usr/bin/jobs works in a different shell environment, and can not use parent shell's environment. - -#### Conclusion #### - -I hope you enjoyed this blog post series ([rss feed][16]) and I suggest that you read the following for more information: - -- See our faq section for [disown command examples][17], [jobs command examples][18], [bg command examples][19], and [fg command examples][20] on Linux/Unix process management. -- Man pages [bash(1)][21], [ksh(1)][22], [ps(1)][23], [kill(1)][24] -- [Korn shell (ksh93) documentation][25]. -- [NU bash shell documentation][26]. - -I am planning to add more in-depth tutorial in this series. Please let me know if you need to see specific topic in the comment section below. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-examples-for-bash-ksh-shell/ - -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[1]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-jobs-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[2]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-kill-command-examples/ -[3]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-ping-command-examples/ -[4]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-list-for-bash-ksh-shell/attachment/run-xeyes-command-in-background/ -[5]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-list-for-bash-ksh-shell/attachment/suspend-unix-job-command/ -[6]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-fg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[7]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-fg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[8]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ -[9]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-bg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[10]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ -[11]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-kill-command-examples/ -[12]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-killall-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[13]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ -[14]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-disown-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[15]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/nohup-execute-commands-after-you-exit-from-a-shell-prompt.html -[16]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tutorials/practical-unixlinux-series/feed/ -[17]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-disown-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[18]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-jobs-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[19]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-bg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[20]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-fg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ -[21]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/bash.1.html -[22]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/ksh.1.html -[23]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/ps.1.html -[24]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/kill.1.html -[25]:http://www2.research.att.com/sw/download/man/man1/ksh.html -[26]:https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html diff --git a/translated/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md b/translated/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..30c011146a --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md @@ -0,0 +1,284 @@ +10个 Linux/Unix下 Bash和KSH shell 的作业控制实例 +================================================================================ +![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/unix-llnux-shell-job-control-series.jpg) + +Linux 和 Unix 属于多任务的操作系统，也就是说一个系统在同一时间段内能运行多重任务(进程)。在这个新的博客系列，我将会列出相关的 Linux和Unix作业控制的命令，你可以通过这些命令在 Bash 或 Korn 还有 POSIX shell 下实现执行多重任务。 + +### 什么是作业控制？### + +作业控制不过是能够停止/挂起(stop/suspend)正在执行的进程(命令)也可以继续/唤醒(continue/resume)你需要的每一个进程来执行。这完全可以用你的操作系统和类似 bash/ksh 或 POSIX shell 完成。 + +### 谁提供给了作业控制的设施条件 ### + +Bash / Korn shell,或者是 POSIX shell 提供给了作业控制的设施条件。 + +### 跟作业表打个招呼吧 ### + +你的 shell 会留有一张当前作业的表单，称为作业表。当你键入命令时，shell 会给它分配一个 jobID(也称作 JOB_SPEC)。一个 jobID 或 JOB_SPEC只是很小的整数数值。 + +#### #1: 创建你的首个 Linux/Unix 作业(job) #### + +我要运行一个名为 xeyes 的命令，它会在屏幕上显示两个椭圆的眼睛,输入： + $ xeyes & + +输出样例： + +[![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/run-xeyes-command-in-background.jpg)][4] +*Fig.01: 在后台运行 xeyes 命令* + +我使用&符号让一个 job 在后台运行。shell 会打印一行信息类似如下: + + [1] 6891 + +在这个例子中，有两个数字输出，分别表示： + +- [1] : 在后台执行的 xeyes 任务的作业号为 1。 +- 6891 : 作业1的进程ID。 + +我在多执行一些 job: + + ## 启动一个文本编辑器，X 的系统负载显示，和 sleep 命令 ## + gedit /tmp/hello.c & + xload & + sleep 100000 & + +#### #2: 列出当前的jobs #### + +To [see the status of active jobs in the current shell][1], type: + + $ jobs + $ jobs -l + +输出样例: + + [1] 9379 Running xeyes & + [2] 9380 Running gedit /tmp/hello.c & + [3]- 9420 Running xload & + [4]+ 9421 Running sleep 100000 & + +A brief description of each field is given below: + +(注：表格部分，这样发表出来应该会方便看一点) +
字段值描述示例
1[1]jobID 或 JOB_SPEC - 工作号要与fg, bg, wait, kill和其他shell命令一起使用。你必须在工作号前缀添加一个百分号。(%).
加号 (+) 标识着默认的或是现在的 job。
减号 (-) 标识着先前的 job。		%1
fg %1
kill %2
29379进程 ID - 系统自动为每个进程创建并分配地独有的身份标志号。kill 9379
3Running状态 - 关于 job 的状态:
Running - 该 job 正在运行,还没有被外部信号挂起。
Stopped - 该 job 已经被挂起。
N/A
4xeyes &command - 由shell给出的命令。script &
firefox url&
+ +你也可以用 ps 命名列出当前系统正在运行的进程: + + $ ps + +#### #3: 停止或挂起正在运行的jobs #### + +按下[Ctrl]-[Z]键或使用[kill 命令][2],如下所示： + + kill -s stop PID + +举个例子，启动[ping 命令][3]，然后用 Ctrl-Z 键触发停止 ping 命令的job： + +[![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/suspend-unix-job-command.gif)][5] +*Animated gif 01: 挂起 ping 命令的 job* + +#### #4: 在前台恢复 挂起的/停止的 job #### + +让我们[恢复处于停止状态下的 job 回到前台运行][6],要实现这个目标当前 job 必须借助[fg 命令][7]。具体语法如下： + + ## ping 命令的作业号的值为5 ## + fg %5 + +我也可以规定命令行开端符合字符串"ping"的 job[译注：不能出现不明确的字符串，例如如果后台有两个 vim 进程而你敲入 fg %vim 会报错。]: + + ## %String ## + fg %ping + +输出样例： + + 64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=3 ttl=53 time=265 ms + 64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=4 ttl=53 time=249 ms + 64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=5 ttl=53 time=267 ms + ^C + +#### #5: 在后台恢复 挂起/停止状态的 job #### + +在这个例子中，我将要使用[yum 命令][8]更新所有安装在 Redhat 或 CentOS Linux 生产服务器上的软件包并置于后台作业。 + + # yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & + +然而，由于一些原因(例如,过载问题)我决定停止这个 job 20分钟： + + # kill -s stop %yum + +输出样例： + + [7]+ Stopped yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & + +#### 用 bg 重启停止在后台的 yum 进程 #### + +现在，我将要[恢复停止的 yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & job][9],键入： + + # bg %7 + +或者： + + # bg %yum + +输出样例： + + [7]+ yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & + +#### #6: 杀死作业/进程 #### + +杀死[yum 命令][10]进程，输入如下[kill 命令][11]及其作业号 7： + + # kill %7 + +或者 + + # kill pid + +输出样例： + + [7]+ Terminated yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & + +在 Linux/FreeBSD/OS X Unix 下你可以[使用 killall 命令通过名字杀死进程或是 jobID 而不是通过 PID][12] + +#### #7 为什么当我登出后 shell 会清除我的所有后台 jobs #### + +在这个例子中,我将会启动 pdfwriter.py 来生成[这个站点][13]散装地 pdf 文件: + + ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq --type=clean --header=logo\ + --footer-left "nixCraft is GIT UL++++ W+++ C++++ M+ e+++ d-" \ + --footer-right "Page [of] of [total]" & + +一旦当我登出shell时，pdfwriter.py 作业就会被我的 shell 杀死。为了克服这个问题需要使用[shell的内置命令 disown 来告诉 shell 不要发送 HUP 信号][14],键入： + + $ ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq .... & + $ disown + $ exit + +#### #8 使用一个名为 nohup 的外部命令阻止在登出时杀死 job #### + +你也可以使用[nohup 命令在你退出 shell 后执行 jobs][15]: + + $ nohup ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq .... & + $ exit + +#### #9: 查找最后 job 的 PID #### + +为了查找最近在后台执行的(异步)命令的进程ID，可使用 bash shell 的特殊参数 $! + + $ gedit foo.txt & + $ echo "最近在后台执行的job 的PID - $!" + +输出样例： + + 最近在后台执行的job 的PID - 9421 + +#### #10: 等候 job 完成 #### + +wait 命令会等候给予的进程ID 或 作业ID，然后报告它的终止状态。语法如下： + + /path/to/large-job/command/foo & + wait $! + /path/to/next/job/that-is-dependents/on-foo-command/bar + +这是我的一个工作脚本： + + #!/bin/bash + # A shell script wrapper to create pdf files for our blog/faq section + ######################################################################## + # init() - Must be run first + # Purpose - Create index file in $_tmp for all our wordpress databases + ######################################################################## + init(){ + _php="/usr/bin/php" + _phpargs="-d apc.enabled=0" + _base="~/scripts" + _tmp="$_base/tmp" + _what="$1" + for i in $_what + do + [[ ! -d "$_tmp/$i" ]] && /bin/mkdir "$_tmp/$i" + $_php $_phpargs -f "$_base/php/rawsqlmaster${i}.php" > "$_tmp/$i/output.txt" + done + } + + ##################################################### + # Without index file, we can out generate pdf files + ##################################################### + init blog + + ########################################################### + # Do not run the rest of the script until init() finished + ########################################################### + wait $! + + ## Alright, create pdf files + ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=blog --type=clean --header=logo\ + --footer-left "nixCraft is GIT UL++++ W+++ C++++ M+ e+++ d-" \ + --footer-right "Page [of] of [total]" + +#### Linux 和 Unix 作业控制命令总结列表 #### + +
命令描述示例
&将 job 置入后台命令 &
%n设置作业号为 n (数字)的 job命令 %1
%Word引用命令行开端包含 Word 的 job命令 %yum
%?Word引用命令行包含 Word 的 job命令 %?ping
%%
%+		引用当前 jobkill %%
kill %+
%-引用先前 jobbg %-
CTRL-Z
kill -s stop jobID		挂起或停止 jobkill -s stop %ping
jobs
jobs -l		列出活动的 jobsjobs -l
bg将 jobs 置入后台bg %1
bg %ping
fg将 job 置入前台fg %2
fg %apt-get
+ +#### 关于 shell 内置命令和外部命令的小注 #### + +运行下面的 type 命令找出给予命令是否属于内部或外部的。 + + type -a fg bg jobs disown + +输出样式： + + fg is a shell builtin + fg is /usr/bin/fg + bg is a shell builtin + bg is /usr/bin/bg + jobs is a shell builtin + jobs is /usr/bin/jobs + disown is a shell builtin + +在几乎所有情况下，你都需要使用 shell 的内置命令。所有外部命令例如 /usr/bin/fg 或 /usr/bin/jobs 工作在一个不同的 shell 环境下，而不能用在父 shell 的环境下。 + +#### 总结 #### + +我希望你能喜欢这篇博文系列([rss 订阅][16]),我建议你阅读下面的更多信息： + +- 在我们的 faq 章节查阅有关进程管理的文章[disoen 命令示例][17]，[jobs 命令示例][18]，[bg 命令示例][19]，和[fg 命令示例][20]。 +- Man pages [bash(1)][21], [ksh(1)][22], [ps(1)][23], [kill(1)][24] +- [Korn shell (ksh93) 文档][25]. +- [NU bash shell 文档][26]. + +我会计划在这个系列添加更多深入的教程。若果你需要看到具体的主题，请在下方评论让我知道。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-examples-for-bash-ksh-shell/ + +译者：[Luoxcat](https://github.com/Luoxcat) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[1]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-jobs-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[2]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-kill-command-examples/ +[3]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-ping-command-examples/ +[4]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-list-for-bash-ksh-shell/attachment/run-xeyes-command-in-background/ +[5]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-list-for-bash-ksh-shell/attachment/suspend-unix-job-command/ +[6]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-fg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[7]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-fg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[8]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ +[9]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-bg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[10]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ +[11]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-kill-command-examples/ +[12]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-killall-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[13]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ +[14]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-disown-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[15]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/nohup-execute-commands-after-you-exit-from-a-shell-prompt.html +[16]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tutorials/practical-unixlinux-series/feed/ +[17]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-disown-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[18]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-jobs-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[19]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-bg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[20]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-fg-command-examples-usage-syntax/ +[21]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/bash.1.html +[22]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/ksh.1.html +[23]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/ps.1.html +[24]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/kill.1.html +[25]:http://www2.research.att.com/sw/download/man/man1/ksh.html +[26]:https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html