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+[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
+[#]: translator: ( )
+[#]: reviewer: ( )
+[#]: publisher: ( )
+[#]: url: ( )
+[#]: subject: (setV: A Bash function to maintain Python virtual environments)
+[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/1/setv-bash-function)
+[#]: author: (Sachin Patil https://opensource.com/users/psachin)
+
+setV: A Bash function to maintain Python virtual environments
+======
+Get to know setV, a lightweight Python virtual environment manager and
+alternative to virtualenvwrapper.
+![Coding on a computer][1]
+
+For more than a year, [setV][2] has been hidden away within my [bash_scripts][3] project, but it's time for it to become public. setV is a Bash function I use as an alternative to [virtualenvwrapper][4]. It provides basic features that enable you to do things such as:
+
+  * Use Python 3 by default
+  * Create a new virtual environment
+  * Create a new virtual environment using a custom Python path with **-p** (or **\--python**)
+  * Delete an existing virtual environment
+  * List all existing virtual environment
+  * Use Tab completion (in case you don't remember the virtual environment name)
+
+
+
+### Installation
+
+To install setV, download the script:
+
+
+```
+`curl https://gitlab.com/psachin/setV/raw/master/install.sh`
+```
+
+Review the script, and then run it:
+
+
+```
+`sh ./install.sh`
+```
+
+When you install setV, the installation script asks you to source **~/.bashrc** or **~/.bash_profile**. Be sure to do that.
+
+### Usage
+
+The basic command is **setv**.
+
+#### Create a virtual environment:
+
+
+```
+setv --new rango  # setv -n rango
+
+# Or using a custom Python binary path
+setv --new --python /opt/python/python3 rango  # setv -n -p /opt/python/python3 rango
+```
+
+#### Activate an existing environment:
+
+
+```
+setv VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_NAME
+
+# For example
+setv rango
+```
+
+#### List all virtual environments:
+
+
+```
+setv --list
+# or
+setv [TAB] [TAB]
+```
+
+#### Delete a virtual environment:
+
+
+```
+`setv --delete rango`
+```
+
+#### Switch to another virtual environment:
+
+
+```
+# Assuming you are in 'rango', switch to 'tango' using
+setv tango
+```
+
+#### Tab Completion
+
+If you don't fully remember the virtual environment's name, Bash-like Tab completion works for virtual environment names.
+
+### Get involved
+
+setV is open source under the GNU [GPLv3][5], and contributions are welcome. To learn more, visit the Contribute section of setV's [README][6] in its GitLab repository.
+
+### The setV script
+
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# setV - A Lightweight Python virtual environment manager.
+# Author: Sachin (psachin) <[iclcoolster@gmail.com][7]>
+# Author's URL: <https://psachin.gitlab.io/about>
+#
+# License: GNU GPL v3, See LICENSE file
+#
+# Configure(Optional):
+# Set `SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH` value to your virtual environments
+# directory-path. By default it is set to '~/virtualenvs/'
+#
+# Usage:
+# Manual install: Added below line to your .bashrc or any local rc script():
+# ---
+# source /path/to/virtual.sh
+# ---
+#
+# Now you can 'activate' the virtual environment by typing
+# $ setv &lt;YOUR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT NAME&gt;
+#
+# For example:
+# $ setv rango
+#
+# or type:
+# setv [TAB] [TAB]  (to list all virtual envs)
+#
+# To list all your virtual environments:
+# $ setv --list
+#
+# To create new virtual environment:
+# $ setv --new new_virtualenv_name
+#
+# To delete existing virtual environment:
+# $ setv --delete existing_virtualenv_name
+#
+# To deactivate, type:
+# $ deactivate
+
+# Path to virtual environment directory
+SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH="$HOME/virtualenvs/"
+# Default python version to use. This decides whether to use `virtualenv` or `python3 -m venv`
+SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=3  # Defaults to Python3
+SETV_PY_PATH=$(which python${SETV_PYTHON_VERSION})
+
+function _setvcomplete_()
+{
+    # Bash-autocompletion.
+    # This ensures Tab-auto-completions work for virtual environment names.
+    local cmd="${1##*/}" # to handle command(s).
+                         # Not necessary as such. 'setv' is the only command
+
+    local word=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]} # Words thats being completed
+    local xpat='${word}'                 # Filter pattern. Include
+                                         # only words in variable '$names'
+    local names=$(ls -l "${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}" | egrep '^d' | awk -F " " '{print $NF}') # Virtual environment names
+
+    COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$names" -X "$xpat" -- "$word")) # compgen generates the results
+}
+
+function _setv_help_() {
+    # Echo help/usage message
+    echo "Usage: setv [OPTIONS] [NAME]"
+    echo Positional argument:
+    echo -e "NAME                       Activate virtual env."
+    echo Optional arguments:
+    echo -e "-l, --list                 List all Virtual Envs."
+    echo -e "-n, --new NAME             Create a new Python Virtual Env."
+    echo -e "-d, --delete NAME          Delete existing Python Virtual Env."
+    echo -e "-p, --python PATH          Python binary path."
+}
+
+function _setv_custom_python_path()
+{
+    if [ -f "${1}" ];
+    then
+        if [ "`expr $1 : '.*python\\([2,3]\\)'`" = "3" ];
+        then
+            SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=3
+        else
+            SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=2
+        fi
+        SETV_PY_PATH=${1}
+        _setv_create $2
+    else
+        echo "Error: Path ${1} does not exist!"
+    fi
+}
+
+function _setv_create()
+{
+    # Creates new virtual environment if ran with -n|--new flag
+    if [ -z ${1} ];
+    then
+        echo "You need to pass virtual environment name"
+        _setv_help_
+    else
+        echo "Creating new virtual environment with the name: $1"
+
+        if [ ${SETV_PYTHON_VERSION} -eq 3 ];
+        then
+            ${SETV_PY_PATH} -m venv ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}
+        else
+            virtualenv -p ${SETV_PY_PATH} ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}
+        fi
+
+        echo "You can now activate the Python virtual environment by typing: setv ${1}"
+    fi
+}
+
+function _setv_delete()
+{
+    # Deletes virtual environment if ran with -d|--delete flag
+    # TODO: Refactor
+    if [ -z ${1} ];
+    then
+        echo "You need to pass virtual environment name"
+        _setv_help_
+    else
+        if [ -d ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} ];
+        then
+            read -p "Really delete this virtual environment(Y/N)? " yes_no
+            case $yes_no in
+                Y|y) rm -rvf ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1};;
+                N|n) echo "Leaving the virtual environment as it is.";;
+                *) echo "You need to enter either Y/y or N/n"
+            esac
+        else
+            echo "Error: No virtual environment found by the name: ${1}"
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+function _setv_list()
+{
+    # Lists all virtual environments if ran with -l|--list flag
+    echo -e "List of virtual environments you have under ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}:\n"
+    for virt in $(ls -l "${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}" | egrep '^d' | awk -F " " '{print $NF}')
+    do
+        echo ${virt}
+    done
+}
+
+function setv() {
+    # Main function
+    if [ $# -eq 0 ];
+    then
+        _setv_help_
+    elif [ $# -le 3 ];
+    then
+        case "${1}" in
+            -n|--new) _setv_create ${2};;
+            -d|--delete) _setv_delete ${2};;
+            -l|--list) _setv_list;;
+            *) if [ -d ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} ];
+               then
+                   # Activate the virtual environment
+                   source ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}/bin/activate
+               else
+                   # Else throw an error message
+                   echo "Sorry, you don't have any virtual environment with the name: ${1}"
+                   _setv_help_
+               fi
+               ;;
+        esac
+    elif [ $# -le 5 ];
+    then
+        case "${2}" in
+            -p|--python) _setv_custom_python_path ${3} ${4};;
+            *) _setv_help_;;
+        esac
+    fi
+}
+
+# Calls bash-complete. The compgen command accepts most of the same
+# options that complete does but it generates results rather than just
+# storing the rules for future use.
+complete  -F _setvcomplete_ setv
+```
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/setv-bash-function
+
+作者：[Sachin Patil][a]
+选题：[lujun9972][b]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://opensource.com/users/psachin
+[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
+[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/code_computer_laptop_hack_work.png?itok=aSpcWkcl (Coding on a computer)
+[2]: https://gitlab.com/psachin/setV
+[3]: https://github.com/psachin/bash_scripts
+[4]: https://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.org/
+[5]: https://gitlab.com/psachin/setV/blob/master/LICENSE
+[6]: https://gitlab.com/psachin/setV/blob/master/ReadMe.org
+[7]: mailto:iclcoolster@gmail.com