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232 lines
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<title>借用检查器 - The Embedded Rust Book</title>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 简介</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/hardware.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 硬件</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/no-std.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> no_std</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/tooling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 工具</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/install.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> 安装</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/install/linux.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.1.</strong> Linux</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/install/macos.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.2.</strong> MacOS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/install/windows.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.3.</strong> Windows</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../intro/install/verify.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.4.</strong> 验证安装</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 入门</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/qemu.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> QEMU</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/hardware.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 硬件</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/registers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 内存映射寄存器</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/semihosting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> 半主机</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/panicking.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> 恐慌</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/exceptions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> 异常</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/interrupts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.7.</strong> 中断</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../start/io.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.8.</strong> IO</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../peripherals/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 外设</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../peripherals/a-first-attempt.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 初试Rust</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../peripherals/borrowck.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 借用检查器</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../peripherals/singletons.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 单例</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../static-guarantees/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 静态保证</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../static-guarantees/typestate-programming.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 类型状态机编程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../static-guarantees/state-machines.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 外设作为状态机</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../static-guarantees/design-contracts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 设计合约</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../static-guarantees/zero-cost-abstractions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> 零成本抽象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../portability/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 可移植性</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concurrency/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> 并发</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../collections/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> 容器</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../c-tips/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> 嵌入式C开发人员的技巧</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interoperability/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.</strong> 互操作性</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interoperability/c-with-rust.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.1.</strong> Rust中使用C代码</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interoperability/rust-with-c.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.2.</strong> C中使用Rust代码</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../unsorted/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.</strong> 其他主题</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../unsorted/speed-vs-size.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.1.</strong> 优化：速度大小的权衡</a></li><li class="spacer"></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../appendix/glossary.html">Appendix A: Glossary</a></li></ol>
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<h1 class="menu-title">The Embedded Rust Book</h1>
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<h2><a class="header" href="#全局可变状态" id="全局可变状态">全局可变状态</a></h2>
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<p>不幸的是，硬件基本上只不过是可变的全局状态，这可能会让Rust开发人员来感到非常棘手。但是硬件本来就独立于我们编写的结构体代码，并且在现实世界中就是随时可以进行修改。</p>
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<h2><a class="header" href="#我们的规则应该是什么" id="我们的规则应该是什么">我们的规则应该是什么？</a></h2>
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<p>我们如何与这些外围设备可靠地交互？</p>
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<li>始终使用<code>volatile</code>方法读取或写入外围存储器，因为它随时可能发生变化</li>
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<li>在软件中，应该允许同时存在对这些外设的任意数量的只读访问</li>
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<li>如果某些软件需要对外设的读写访问权限，则它应该拥有该外设的唯一引用</li>
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</ol>
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<h2><a class="header" href="#借用检查器" id="借用检查器">借用检查器</a></h2>
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<p>这些规则中的最后两个听起来和借用检查器的工作机制非常类似！</p>
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<p>想像一下我们是否可以转移这些外设的所有权，或者提供对这些外设的不变或可变的引用？</p>
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<p>好吧，我们可以.我们需要每个外围设备都只有一个实例，以便Rust借用检查器可以正确处理。 幸运的是，在硬件中，任何给定的外设都只有一个实例，但是如何设计访问接口呢？</p>
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