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选题[tech]: 20210126 Automate setup and delivery for virtual machines in the cloud
sources/tech/20210126 Automate setup and delivery for virtual machines in the cloud.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Automate setup and delivery for virtual machines in the cloud)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/1/testcloud-virtual-machines)
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[#]: author: (Sumantro Mukherjee https://opensource.com/users/sumantro)
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Automate setup and delivery for virtual machines in the cloud
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======
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Get a cloud image ready in minutes by using Testcloud to automate the
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setup process and deliver a VM ready to run.
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![Looking at a map][1]
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If you're a developer or hobbyist using a Fedora [qcow2 image][2] for the cloud, you always have to do a bunch of initial configuration before an image is ready to use. I know this all too well, and I was eager to find a way to make the setup process simpler. As it happens, the entire Fedora quality assurance team feels the same way, so we developed [Testcloud][3].
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Testcloud is a tool that makes it easy to get a cloud image ready for testing in minutes. It automates the setup process and delivers a virtual machine (VM) ready to run on the cloud with just a few commands.
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Testcloud:
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1. Downloads the qcow2 image
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2. Creates the instance with the name of your choice
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3. Creates a user named `fedora` with the password of `passw0rd`
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4. Assigns an IP, which you can later use to secure shell (SSH) into the cloud
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5. Starts, stops, removes, and lists an instance
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### Install Testcloud
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To start your journey, you first must install the Testcloud package. You can install it from a terminal or through the software application. In both cases, the package name is `testcloud`. Install with:
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```
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`$ sudo dnf install testcloud -y`
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```
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Once the installation is complete, add your desired user to the `testcloud` group, which helps Testcloud automate the rest of the process. Execute these two commands to add your user to the `testcloud` group and restart the session with the updated group privileges:
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```
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$ sudo usermod -a -G testcloud $USER
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$ su - $USER
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```
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![Add user to testcloud group][4]
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(Sumantro Mukherjee, [CC BY-SA 4.0][5])
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### Spin cloud images like a pro
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Once your user has the required group permissions, create an instance:
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```
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`$ testcloud instance create <instance name> -u <url for qcow2 image>`
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```
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Alternatively, you can use `fedora:latest/fedora:XX` (where `XX` is your Fedora release) instead of the full URL:
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```
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`$ testcloud instance create <instance name> -u fedora:latest`
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```
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This returns the IP address of your VM:
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```
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$ testcloud instance create testcloud272593 -u <https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/33/Cloud/x86\_64/images/Fedora-Cloud-Base-33-1.2.x86\_64.qcow2>
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[...]
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INFO:Successfully booted instance testcloud272593
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The IP of vm testcloud272593: 192.168.122.202
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\------------------------------------------------------------
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To connect to the VM, use the following command (password is 'passw0rd'):
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ssh fedora@192.168.122.202
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\------------------------------------------------------------
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```
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You can log in as the default user `fedora` with the password `passw0rd` (note the zero). You can get to the VM with `ssh`, `virt-manager`, or any other method that supports connecting to libvirt machines.
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Another simple way to create a Fedora cloud is:
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```
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$ testcloud instance create testcloud193 -u fedora:33
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WARNING:Not proceeding with backingstore cleanup because there are some testcloud instances running.
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You can fix this by following command(s):
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testcloud instance stop testcloud272593
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DEBUG:Local downloads will be stored in /var/lib/testcloud/backingstores.
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DEBUG:successfully changed SELinux context for image /var/lib/testcloud/backingstores/Fedora-Cloud-Base-33-1.2.x86_64.qcow2
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DEBUG:Creating instance directories
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DEBUG:creating seed image /var/lib/testcloud/instances/testcloud193/testcloud193-seed.img
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INFO:Seed image generated successfully
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INFO:Successfully booted instance testcloud193
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The IP of vm testcloud193: 192.168.122.225
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\------------------------------------------------------------
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To connect to the VM, use the following command (password is 'passw0rd'):
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ssh fedora@192.168.122.225
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\------------------------------------------------------------
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```
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### Play with instances
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Testcloud can be used to administer instances. This includes activities such as listing images or stopping and starting an instance.
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To list instances, use the `list` subcommand:
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```
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$ testcloud instance list
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Name IP State
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\------------------------------------------------------------
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testcloud272593 192.168.122.202 running
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testcloud193 192.168.122.225 running
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testcloud252793 192.168.122.146 shutoff
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testcloud93 192.168.122.152 shutoff
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```
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To stop a running instance:
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```
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$ testcloud instance stop testcloud193
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DEBUG:stop instance: testcloud193
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DEBUG:stopping instance testcloud193.
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```
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To remove an instance:
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```
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$ testcloud instance destroy testcloud193
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DEBUG:remove instance: testcloud193
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DEBUG:removing instance testcloud193 from libvirt.
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DEBUG:Unregistering instance from libvirt.
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DEBUG:removing instance /var/lib/testcloud/instances/testcloud193 from disk
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```
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To reboot a running instance:
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```
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$ testcloud instance reboot testcloud93
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DEBUG:stop instance: testcloud93
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[...]
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INFO:Successfully booted instance testcloud93
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The IP of vm testcloud93: 192.168.122.152
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usage: testcloud [-h] {instance,image} ...
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```
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Give Testcloud a try and let me know what you think in the comments.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/21/1/testcloud-virtual-machines
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作者：[Sumantro Mukherjee][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/sumantro
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/tips_map_guide_ebook_help_troubleshooting_lightbulb_520.png?itok=L0BQHgjr (Looking at a map)
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qcow
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[3]: https://pagure.io/testcloud
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[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/adduser.png (Add user to testcloud group)
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[5]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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