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published/20210116 Install Privacy-friendly WhatsApp Alternative Signal on Linux Desktop.md Normal file
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "hwlife"
[#]: reviewer: "wxy"
[#]: publisher: "wxy"
[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-14419-1.html"
[#]: subject: "Install Privacy-friendly WhatsApp Alternative Signal on Linux Desktop"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/install-signal-ubuntu/"
[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/"
在 Linux 桌面上安装隐私友好的 Signal
======
![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202204/01/101558k7l28z2lh3h8655h.jpg)
自从我们报道将 Signal 作为即时通讯软件的理想选择以来，已经过去一年多了。虽然具有隐私意识的人和静态技术的人已经意识到了这个了不起的软件的存在，与此同时，在最近的 WhatsApp 隐私政策更新之后，Signal 更是得到了很多人的褒奖。
无论什么原因，如果你对 Signal 一无所知，想知道是否能在桌面上使用 Signal，那么答案是肯定的。你可以在 Linux、Windows 和 macOS 系统以及智能手机上安装 Signal。
![Signal Messenger on Pop OS Linux distribution][3]
我不打算强调 Signal 的功能，因为你可能已经有所了解。我只想向你展示在 Linux 桌面上安装 Signal 的不同方法：
* 用 Snap 包在 Liunx 上安装 Signal（Snap 应用程序需要更长的时间来加载，但可以获得自动更新和轻松的安装）
* 用 apt 包在基于 Debian 和 Ubuntu 的发行版上安装 Signal（添加软件库需要额外的操作，但已安装的应用程序会自动更新）
* 用 AUR 在 Arch 和 Manjaro Linux 上安装 Signal
* 用 Flatpak 包在 Fedora 等 Linux 系统上安装 Signal
你可以基于你的发行版和偏好来选择这些安装方法的其中一种：
### 方法 1：用 Snap 包在 Linux 上安装 Signal
如果你正在使用 Ubuntu，你可以在软件中心找到 Signal 桌面版程序的 Snap 格式的软件包。
![][4]
或者，你可以在任何 [有 Snap 包支持功能的 Linux 发行版][6] 上 [使用 Snap 命令][5] 安装 Signal。
```
sudo snap install signal-desktop
```
你可以使用 `snap remove` 命令或者从软件中心删除它。
有些人不喜欢 Snap 包是因为它们启动时间太长。好消息是你能够使用 `apt` 命令来安装 Signal。下一节我们讨论它。
### 方法 2：通过 apt 在基于 Debian 和 Ubuntu 的发行版上安装 Signal（使用官方 Signal 仓库）
这里是你在 Debian、Ubuntu、Linux Mint、elementary OS 和基于 Debian/Ubuntu 的其他发行版中安装 Signal 必须遵循的步骤。你可以 [复制这些命令并将其粘贴到终端][7]。
第一件事是得到官方 Signal 仓库的 GPG 密钥，并且把它加入到你的 APT 包管理器可信任的密钥中。
```
wget -O- https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt/keys.asc | sudo apt-key add -
```
密钥添加之后，你可以将仓库安全的添加的你的系统中。**不要因为仓库名称使用了 xenial 就惊慌失措**。它可以在 Ubuntu 18.04、20.04 和更新的版本以及 Debian、Mint 等系统中工作。
```
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list
```
借助 [Linux 的 tee 命令][8]，在 `/etc/apt/sources.list.d` 目录下你将会有一个叫做 `signal-xenial.list` 的新文件。这个新文件有 Signal 仓库信息即 `deb [arch=amd64] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial main`。
既然你已经添加了仓库，那么来更新缓存并安装 Signal 桌面程序吧：
```
sudo apt update && sudo apt install signal-desktop
```
一旦安装成功，在程序菜单找到 Signal 然后启动它。
![][9]
由于你已经添加了仓库，你安装的 Signal 程序将会伴随系统日常更新而自动更新。
享受在 Linux 桌面上使用 Signal 加密通讯的乐趣吧。
#### 删除 Signal
如果我不分享给你删除的步骤，那么指南是不完整的。让我们看一下。
首先，删除该程序：
```
sudo apt remove signal-desktop
```
你可以留下它，也可以从系统中删除 Signal 仓库。对你来说是都是可以的。仓库继续在系统里的话，你可以轻松的再次安装 Signal。如果你删除了仓库的话，你得按照之前的步骤再次重新添加仓库。
如果你也想同时删除掉 Signal 仓库，你可以选择图形化方法，通过“软件和更新”工具，在那里删除它。
![][10]
或者，你可以用 `rm` 命令来删除这个文件：
```
rm -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list
```
### 方法 3：用 AUR 在 Arch 和 Manjaro Linux 上安装 Signal
通过 [AUR][12] 在 [基于 Arch 的 Linux 发行版][11] 上安装 Signal 是有效的。如果你在 Manjaro 上使用 Pamac 并且启用了 AUR，在包管理器里你可以找到 Signal。
否则，你可以经常 [使用 AUR 辅助工具][13]。
```
sudo yay -Ss <package-name>
```
我相信你能够在相似的功能中删除 Signal。
### 方法 4：用 Flatpak 包在 Fedora 等 Linux 系统上安装 Signal
Signal 没有 RPM 的安装文件。然而，[Flatpak 包是有的][14]，你可以在 Fedora 上用它来安装 Signal。
```
flatpak install flathub org.signal.Signal
```
一旦安装成功，你可以从菜单中运行它，或者在终端中输入以下命令：
```
flatpak run org.signal.Signal
```
Signal 和 Telegram 是抛弃掉 WhatsApp 的两个主流而可行的选择。这两个软件都提供原生的 Linux 桌面程序。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/install-signal-ubuntu/
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[hwlife](https://github.com/hwlife)
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/signal-messaging-app/
[2]: https://signal.org/
[3]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/signal-shot.jpg?resize=800%2C565&ssl=1
[4]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/signal-desktop-ubuntu.png?resize=800%2C425&ssl=1
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/use-snap-packages-ubuntu-16-04/
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/install-snap-linux/
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/copy-paste-linux-terminal/
[8]: https://linuxhandbook.com/tee-command/
[9]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/signal-app-in-ubuntu.jpg?resize=795%2C230&ssl=1
[10]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/remove-signal-repository.png?resize=800%2C401&ssl=1
[11]: https://itsfoss.com/arch-based-linux-distros/
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/aur-arch-linux/
[13]: https://itsfoss.com/best-aur-helpers/
[14]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.signal.Signal
[15]: https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAEPRGUJrEE1itjpH6A

27
translated/news/20220330 Thunderbird 102 is Getting Several Exciting New Features- Here Are 7 of Them.md → published/20220330 Thunderbird 102 is Getting Several Exciting New Features- Here Are 7 of Them.md
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@@ -3,18 +3,22 @@
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "lkxed"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
[#]: reviewer: "wxy"
[#]: publisher: "wxy"
[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-14421-1.html"
7 个 即将发布的 Thunderbird 102 版本的新功能
======
> Thunderbird 102 将带来有用的新功能以及 UI/UX 升级。在此查看其中最精彩的内容！
![](https://i0.wp.com/news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/thunderbird-102.jpg?w=1200&ssl=1)
毫无疑问，Thunderbird 是 Linux 上最好的 [电子邮件客户端][1] 之一。
它是 Mozilla 基金会的一个开源产品，是一个具有强大功能的可靠的电子邮件客户端。
在 [最近的更新][2] 中，它已经收到了新增的功能以及一些视觉上的改进。
在 [最近的更新][2] 中，它已经新增了一些功能以及视觉上的改进。
现在，随着 Thunderbird 102 版本即将发布，它将添加更多激动人心的功能。
@@ -24,7 +28,7 @@
Thunderbird 102 版本将是一次重大升级，它增加了一些有用的功能，[预期发布时间][4] 为 2022 年 6 月 28 日。其中包括下面这几个变化：
* Spaces 工具栏
* 空间工具栏
* 新的地址簿
* 支持 Matrix 协议
* 链接预览卡片
@@ -34,13 +38,13 @@ Thunderbird 102 版本将是一次重大升级，它增加了一些有用的功
这听起来不错吧，这里还有一些关于以上变化的更多细节。
### 1. <ruby>空间工具栏<rt>Spaces Toolbar</rt></ruby>
### 1. 空间工具栏
新的“空间工具栏”在左边的侧边栏中，它将不同的活动以图标的形式分隔开来。
新的“<ruby>空间工具栏<rt>Spaces Toolbar</rt></ruby>”位于左边的侧边栏中，它将不同的活动以图标的形式分隔开来。
![][5]
你将可以更容易地在电子邮件客户端内的多个标签间导航，也可以更容易地管理它们。
你可以更容易地在电子邮件客户端内的多个标签间导航，也可以更容易地管理它们。
你也可以折叠工具栏，让它作为一个图标显示在标签栏中，为你节省一些屏幕空间。
@@ -94,12 +98,11 @@ Thunderbird 102 版本改进了所有账户设置功能的体验，如添加账
### 其他变化
In addition to the key highlights, you can expect numerous technical improvements and bug fixes.
除了以上的关键亮点外，你还可以得到许多技术升级和错误修复。
例如，OpenPGP 的用户体验和用户交互也得到了升级，同时还有一个新的存储格式 Maildir。
例如，OpenPGP 的用户体验和用户交互也得到了升级，同时还有一个新的存储格式：Maildir。
_你对 Thunderbird 102 版本即将新增的功能有什么看法吗？你对 Thunderbird 的用户体验/用户交互升级感到兴奋吗？请在下方的评论区中说说你的想法吧。_
你对 Thunderbird 102 版本即将新增的功能有什么看法吗？你对 Thunderbird 的用户体验/用户交互升级感到兴奋吗？请在下方的评论区中说说你的想法，或只是简单说声“谢谢”。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -108,7 +111,7 @@ via: https://news.itsfoss.com/thunderbird-102-features/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

94
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[#]: subject: "Deepin OS Becomes the First Linux Distro to Offer Face Unlock"
[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/deepin-os-20-5-release/"
[#]: author: "Abhishek https://news.itsfoss.com/author/root/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Deepin OS Becomes the First Linux Distro to Offer Face Unlock
======
When Deepin first arrived at the scene, it blew away people with its sheer beautiful interface.
As the time progressed and developers got more experienced, their focus shifted to include design and features users find in other commercial desktop OS offerings, i.e., Windows and macOS. Deepin was the first distro to offer Android apps support, cloud sync option and more.
And trust me, that’s for good.
Linux distributions have a variety of offerings in the form of various desktop environments. Deepin looks mainstream that could attract a younger crowd.
Keeping the same goal in mind, China based Deepin developers have released the version 20.5 and its main highlight is facial recognition.
### New features in Deepin 20.5
The new version has added several features based on the user feedback. The stable kernel version is now upgraded to 5.15.24 with several bug fixes to enhance security.
Let’s see what else is new in this release.
#### Face unlock comes to Linux
![][1]
I know things like this already exist on the horizon. After all, I wrote a detailed guide on [adding face unlock feature in Linux distributions using programs like Howdy][2].
However, those things were more DIY, additional stuff for experienced and intriguing users.
Deepin is now offering the face-based biometric authentication method. It should work on laptops with in-built webcam.
Once you enrol your face in the Control Center, you can log in to the system with your face ID from next time onwards.
#### Easy user feedback collection in App Store
You can now easily send feedback on an application from the App Store directly.
![][3]
That’s not it. When you have app installation and update problems, you can submit the issues on the app page directly to the official support and get solutions (if the developer provides it).
#### Improved Mail app
![][1]
Deepin Mail apps now supports custom folder management. It can also automatically receive emails after network reconnection. The framework and plugins have been replaced with the popular vue+tinymce.
You can now hump to new emails directly by clicking system notifications. For better productivity, you can stick common emails and aggregated emails on top. Email attachments can also be previewed.
#### Pinned screenshots
![][1]
The in-built screenshot tools now lets you pin the screenshots. This way the captured screenshot remains on top of other application windows. This way you can use other apps at the same time and thus increase your efficiency. And yes, the pinned screenshot’s position can be moved.
#### Other changes
Here are some other changes in the new Deepin 20.5 release:
* Stable kernel is updated to 5.15.24
* Multiple IPs can be set for a single wired network adapter
* Password authentication interaction for wireless networks is optimized
* System search can now use file types and extensions as keywords
* Device manager allows you to disable or enable devices
* Document viewer performance for viewing DOCX files is optimized
There are more small features and improvements here and there. You may read about them in the [release notes][4].
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://news.itsfoss.com/deepin-os-20-5-release/
作者：[Abhishek][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/root/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQzMyIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/face-unlock-ubuntu/
[3]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ4OCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[4]: https://www.deepin.org/en/2022/03/31/deepin-20-5/

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sources/tech/20220216 Archive files on your Linux desktop with Ark for KDE.md
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[#]: subject: "Archive files on your Linux desktop with Ark for KDE"
[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/2/archives-files-linux-ark-kde"
[#]: author: "Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Archive files on your Linux desktop with Ark for KDE
======
Create, examine, and expand compressed archives on KDE.
![Hand putting a Linux file folder into a drawer][1]
When I finish with a project, I often like to take all the files I've created for the project and put them into an archive. It not only [saves space][2], but it gets those files out of my way, and prevents them from turning up as results when I use [find][3] and [grep][4] to search through files I consider current. Once files are in an archive, they're treated as a single object by your filesystem, which means that you can't browse them the way you can a normal folder. You could unarchive them, or you could open a terminal and run the appropriate archive command, such as [tar][5], to list the contents of the archive. Or you can use an application like Ark to list, preview, modify, and manage your archives.
### Install Ark on Linux
If you're running the KDE Plasma Desktop, you already have Ark installed, but if not then it's available from your package manager. On Fedora, Mageia, and similar:
```
`$ sudo dnf install ark`
```
On Debian, Elementary, and similar:
```
`$ sudo apt install ark`
```
You can [install it as a Flatpak][6] from [Flathub][7], too.
### Create an archive
The best way to get comfortable with archives is to create one for yourself, and then explore it. All of this can be done with just Ark.
First, launch Ark from your application menu, and then go to the **Archive** menu and select **New**.
![Creating a new archive with Ark][8]
(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][9])
Give your archive a filename, accept the default compression settings, and save it to your home directory.
Ark won't create an empty archive, but after you've set a name and location, Ark is poised to create an archive as soon as you add a file to it.
To add a file to your soon-to-be archive, just drag and drop a file into the Ark window.
![Items in an archive][10]
(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][9])
There are two benefits to archiving: consolidation and compression. By adding files to the archive, you've consolidated files into one place. They exist in the archive now, so you can throw the original copies in the trash if it's part of your goal to get files out of the way.
To see how much disk space you've saved by compressing your files, go to the **Archive** menu and select **Properties**. This shows you the size of the unpacked archive as well as the size of the packed archive, and a lot of other useful metadata.
![Archive properties and metadata][11]
(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][9])
There's a lot more that Ark can do, but for now close Ark as if you were finished. Your achive now exists in the location where you saved it (in this example, it's **example.tar.gz** in my home folder.)
### Viewing files in an archive
Any archive can be opened in Ark, just as if it were a normal folder. To open an archive in Ark, just click on it in your file manager, or right-click on it and select **Open with Ark**.
Once the archive is open in Ark, you can perform most actions you could do from a file manager, including removing files, adding new files, previewing the contents of a file, and more.
### Removing a file from an archive
Sometimes you put a file into an archive you don't need. When you want to remove a file from an archive, right-click on the file and select **Delete**.
![Right-click menu][12]
(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][9])
### Adding files to an archive
Adding a file to an archive is even easier. You can just drag and drop a file from your file manager into Ark. Alternately, you can select **Add Files** from the right-click menu in Ark.
### Extracting just one file from an archive
When faced with an archive, many people just unarchive the entire thing and then fish for the one or two files they actually need. For small archives, that's fine, but for big archives that takes time and disk space, even if only temporarily.
With Ark, you can extract only the files you need by dragging them from the Ark window to the destination you want to save them to. Alternately, select **Extract** from the right-click menu.
### Previewing files in an archive
You don't always need to extract a file. If you just need to refer to a file quickly, Ark may be able to show you a preview of the file without extracting it to your drive.
To preview a file, double-click on it in Ark.
![Previewing a file in Ark][13]
(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][9])
### Archive it
Managing archives on a Linux desktop is easy and intuitive. Ark is a great archive tool, and many other Linux desktops have similar tools, so even if you're not using Ark you might find something similar to it equally as useful. For me, archiving has been an important part of keeping my files organized, and conserving disk space. As for Ark, it makes interacting with those archives convenient.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/22/2/archives-files-linux-ark-kde
作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/yearbook-haff-rx-linux-file-lead_0.png?itok=-i0NNfDC (Hand putting a Linux file folder into a drawer)
[2]: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/linux-commands-convert-files
[3]: https://opensource.com/article/21/9/linux-find-command
[4]: https://opensource.com/article/21/3/grep-cheat-sheet
[5]: https://opensource.com/article/17/7/how-unzip-targz-file
[6]: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/install-flatpak-linux
[7]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.ark
[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-new.jpg (Creating a new archive in Ark)
[9]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-items.jpg (Items in an archive)
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-properties.jpg (Archive properties and metadata)
[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-menu-click-right.jpg (Right-click menu)
[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-preview.jpg (Previewing a file in Ark)

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[#]: subject: "Using Sourcegraph to Search 34,000+ Fedora Repositories"
[#]: via: "https://fedoramagazine.org/using-sourcegraph-to-search-34000-fedora-repositories/"
[#]: author: "Justin Dorfman https://fedoramagazine.org/author/jdorfman/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Using Sourcegraph to Search 34,000+ Fedora Repositories
======
![][1]
Photo by [Markus Winkler][2] on [Unsplash][3]
In October 2021, a Fedora Linux user [asked a question about licensing][4]. Fedora Project Leader Matthew Miller [left a response][5]: “Since we don’t have a complete, exploded, searchable repository of all of the packages in Fedora, I don’t have a quick way to check.” 
[Followed by][6]: “…or possibly pay Sourcegraph to do it for us. They seem like nice people.” He is correct, we (Sourcegraph) _are_ nice people, but we don’t want your money. Instead, we wanted to team up with the Fedora community.
The Fedora Community can now search their universe of open source code—currently over 34,000 repositories and counting.
### Introduction to code search
For those who aren’t familiar with the concept of [code search][7], it enables teams to onboard to a new codebase and find answers faster, helps to identify security risks, and many other use cases. Sourcegraph has indexed over two-million repositories across multiple code hosts such as GitHub and GitLab. **This article is going to focus strictly on code search for _src.fedoraproject.org_.** Sourcegraph provides both a [web app][8] and [CLI][9] interface.
### Using the Web app
When using the Sourcegraph [web app][8] you will need to start each search with **repo:^src.fedoraprojects.org** before entering any search queries. Using this link to the [web app][8] will include this initial string as shown here:
![Sourcegraph web app interface][10]
The following sections will provide some web app examples of searches that might be of interest.
#### Find repositories using popular OSI-approved licenses 
The following query will scan all the repositories for software that is compatible with the “Open Source Definition” (OSD).
```
repo:^src.fedoraproject.org/ lang:"RPM Spec" License: ^.*apache|bsd|gpl|lgpl|mit|mpl|cddl|epl.*$
```
![License search][11]
[Try it!][12]
#### Find files with TODOs
The following query can find TODOs in 34k repositories. This is great for those looking to contribute to projects that need help.
```
repo:^src.fedoraproject.org/ "TODO"
```
![Search for TODO][13]
[Try it!][14]
#### Find files being served via FTP
A co-worker of mine from back in the day told me “FTP is a dead protocol”. Is it? You can add to this query to find any other protocol such as irc, https, etc.
```
repo:^src.fedoraproject.org/ (?:ftp)://[A-Za-z0-9-]{0,63}(.[A-Za-z0-9-]{0,63})+(:d{1,4})?/*(/*[A-Za-z0-9-._]+/*)*(?.*)?(#.*)?
```
![Search for protocol][15]
[Try it!][16]
#### Find files with a vulnerable version of Log4j
This query will find any files that are possibly vulnerable (false positives can happen) to CVE-2021-44228 aka Log4j. You can also search for other vulnerabilities that can then be reported to project maintainers.
```
repo:^src.fedoraproject.org/ org.apache.logging.log4j 2.((0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|11|12|13|14|15)(.[0-9]+)) count:all
```
![Search for log4j][17]
[Try it!][18]
### Use the CLI
Sourcegraph also has a command-line interface tool called [src][19], which allows you to do everything I just mentioned above, plus other useful commands like getting results in JSON for programmatic consumption.
```
src search -json 'repo:^src.fedoraproject.org/ lang:"RPM Spec" License: ^.*apache|bsd|g
pl|lgpl|mit|mpl|cddl|epl.*$'
```
#### JSON output
![JSON output][20]
[Try it!][21]
### Search Syntax
The examples shown may be a good starting point but are by no means the only queries that may be made. You can [view all search query syntaxes][22] and create your own as needed.
### Conclusion
As you can see, with Sourcegraph, the Fedora Linux community can now quickly search for all code hosted at [src.fedoraproject.org][23], regardless of whether they are literal or complex regex queries.
I appreciate the Fedora Linux community being so helpful and welcoming. If you have anything you want to add or questions, my team and I will be in the comments section below. You can also [join us on Slack][24].
Special thanks to [Vanesa Ortiz][25] for [making this collaboration happen][26], [Ben Venker][27] for his help fixing my broken regex (multiple times), as well as [Rebecca Dodd][28] and [Nick Moore][29] for their help with editing.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/using-sourcegraph-to-search-34000-fedora-repositories/
作者：[Justin Dorfman][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/jdorfman/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/sourcegraph-816x345.jpg
[2]: https://unsplash.com/@markuswinkler?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
[3]: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/magnifying-glass?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
[4]: https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/legal@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/CBCJHOSP36YXQKCVGWVL5MXU64LZ6NZA/
[5]: https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/legal@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LTIQS2PX33FSCEIAPJS62UZXVPDT5JPB/
[6]: https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/legal@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5GEPBSRGUK5E2FLW4MQBVP6DI65XP2LQ/
[7]: https://codesearchguide.org/
[8]: https://sourcegraph.com/search?q=context:global+repo:%5Esrc.fedoraproject.org/&patternType=regexp
[9]: https://docs.sourcegraph.com/cli/quickstart
[10]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Image-2022-03-28-at-1.41.54-PM-1024x335.png
[11]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/license-1024x513.png
[12]: https://sourcegraph.com/search?q=context:global+repo:%5Esrc.fedoraproject.org/+lang:%22RPM+Spec%22+License:+%5E.*apache%7Cbsd%7Cgpl%7Clgpl%7Cmit%7Cmpl%7Ccddl%7Cepl.*%24&patternType=regexp
[13]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/todo-1024x605.png
[14]: https://sourcegraph.com/search?q=context:global+repo:%5Esrc.fedoraproject.org/+%22TODO%22&patternType=regexp&case=yes
[15]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/protocol-1024x457.png
[16]: https://sourcegraph.com/search?q=context:global+repo:%5Esrc.fedoraproject.org/+%28%3F:ftp%29:%5C/%5C/%5BA-Za-z0-9%5C-%5D%7B0%2C63%7D%28%5C.%5BA-Za-z0-9%5C-%5D%7B0%2C63%7D%29%2B%28:%5Cd%7B1%2C4%7D%29%3F%5C/*%28%5C/*%5BA-Za-z0-9%5C-._%5D%2B%5C/*%29*%28%5C%3F.*%29%3F%28%23.*%29%3F&patternType=regexp
[17]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/log4j-1024x295.png
[18]: https://sourcegraph.com/search?q=context:global+repo:%5Esrc.fedoraproject.org/+org%5C.apache%5C.logging%5C.log4j+2.%28%280%7C1%7C2%7C3%7C4%7C5%7C6%7C7%7C8%7C9%7C10%7C11%7C12%7C13%7C14%7C15%29%28%5C.%5B0-9%5D%2B%29%29+count:all&patternType=regexp
[19]: https://github.com/sourcegraph/src-cli#readme
[20]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Image-2022-03-22-at-9.46.26-AM-1024x521.png
[21]: https://sourcegraph.com/notebooks/Tm90ZWJvb2s6MzQ2
[22]: https://docs.sourcegraph.com/code_search/reference/queries
[23]: https://src.fedoraproject.org/
[24]: https://srcgr.ph/wp-join-community-space
[25]: https://twitter.com/vanesacodes
[26]: https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/fedora-sourcegraph-marketing-community-collaboration/36151
[27]: https://handbook.sourcegraph.com/team/#ben-venker
[28]: https://handbook.sourcegraph.com/team/#rebecca-dodd
[29]: https://twitter.com/nickwritesit

173
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[#]: subject: "CrunchBang++ Linux – The Ultimate Lightweight and Stable Linux Distribution"
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/crunchbang-linux-review/"
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
CrunchBang++ Linux – The Ultimate Lightweight and Stable Linux Distribution
======
WE REVIEW THE DEBIAN BASED, OPENBOX POWERED LIGHTWEIGHT LINUX
DISTRIBUTION CRUNCHBANG++ LINUX AND GUIDE YOU IF YOU PLAN TO USE IT.
The CrunchBang++ Linux is a successor of the unique CrunchBang project, which is now discontinued. The earlier CrunchBang Linux was popular because of its using very minimal system resources and being friendly on low-end hardware. CrunchBang++ also has a 32-bit installer (rare these days) for outdated hardware or PCs.
We received some comments about not featuring CrunchBang++ in our earlier article on [top lightweight Linux Distributions][1]. So, we wanted to do a deep dive on this super-thin Linux Distribution in terms of performance, Accessibility and other factors. Let’s dig in.
### CrunchBang++ Linux Review
![CrunchBang++ Linux Desktop with Openbox][2]
#### LIVE Medium and Installation
As of writing this review, CrunchBang++ is based on the latest Debian 11 Bullseye and provides both 32-bit and 64-bit ISO variants. You can get your copy from the [official website][3]. For this review, we have used the 64-bit installer. The 64-bit installer size is 1.6GB, which is perfect if you compare the popular Linux Distribution ISO size today. For example, the latest Ubuntu 64-bit desktop ISO is 3.2GB+, which is enormous.
The installer boot menu provides the option to test the LIVE image and kick off the installation. If you are planning to try the LIVE image first, go ahead. But you can not start the installation from the LIVE medium! Instead, you have to boot again and choose the install option. The Live desktop user id and password are both ‘live’.
![Installation in the boot menu][4]
The installation in both physical and virtual machines ([virt-manager][5]) went fine. CrunchBang++ uses Debian’s native installer, which is a little complex. But you can easily install it by following the on-screen instructions. You may want to check out our [Debian Installation guide][6] if you are new to Debian installer.
Installation time is around 5 to 10 minutes on average in virtual and physical systems.
#### First Look with Desktop
CrunchBang++ gives you the classic Openbox window manager experience. The login screen is surprisingly clean and perfect, with only the option to enter your credentials.
If you are running it for the first time, a welcome script will guide you to check the internet speed, update your system, etc.
![The welcome script][7]
The Openbox itself is fast and clean. The desktop brings a clean look with its pre-configured SBPP Openbox theme with the following components –
* [gmrun][8] – a lightweight application launcher
* [Tint2][9] panel, which is at the top of the desktop
* [dmenu][10] – the simple dynamic menu system
You can configure each of them with easy configuration options accessible from the right-click menu.
By default, two workspaces are accessible via the top panel. The top panel also have the basic tray icons for your needs:
* Volume Control
* Network connections
* Language tool
* Battery monitor
* Clipboard manager
Being a window manager, you do not have an application view. But with the gmrun application launcher, it’s super easy to launch any application. However, the primary Openbox right-click menu gives you all the options whenever you need any application to launch.
#### Accessibility and applications
CrunchBang++ only includes the minimum required applications to keep the ISO and installation lightweight. The following applications are pre-installed.
* GIMP
* Thunar File Manager
* Catfish File Search
* Gnumeric
* VLC Media Player
* Filezilla
* Remote Desktop Client
* Transmission Torrent Client
* Screenshot utility
* Geany Text Editor
[][11]
SEE ALSO:   ExTiX 21.1 Released based on latest Deepin Desktop [Review]
The powerful Synaptic package manager takes care of all your software needs. LibreOffice is not installed by default, so you need to install it separately. There is no utility for centralized settings, so you may feel the lack of a settings manager, sometimes.
#### Performance and Resource Usage
The performance of CrunchBang++ is perfect for lightweight distribution.
This distro uses 585 MB of RAM, and the CPU is at 1% in an idle state. If you keep the system running for an hour or more in an inactive state, the RAM is further reduced to around 350 MB. This is an impressive metric.
![Performance During Idle State][12]
To test the heavy workload, we opened one instance of the below application in CrunchBang++:
* Firefox with two tabs
* Thunar File Manager
* GIMP
* Gnumeric
* Text Editor
* Terminal
* Catfish File Search
This workload uses 1.07 GB of RAM, and the CPU is at 5%-7%.
The default installation of this distro uses 4 GB of disk space.
![Performance During Heavy workload State][13]
#### Connectivity
We ran it through various Connectivity tests as outlined below. And it passed each of them except Bluetooth.
* Wifi detection and connection – works perfectly
* It aligned correctly with multiple displays and resolution config (thanks to the pre-installed ARandR).
* Auto-detection of USB (even in virtual machine mode) – works well
There is no utility available for Bluetooth enable, discovery and connect (like some of the Xfce desktop flavours). So, if you install a utility, you should be all set.
#### Things that did not go well with CrunchBang++
In my opinion, this Linux distribution should be used by little experienced users who are okay to navigate around errors in Linux in general and comfortable using the terminal when needed.
I found some of the items that I think are required with default installations. There is no way to configure the Mouse, Keyboard in this distro. No utility is pre-installed. You can, however, tweak them via the terminal. You may need to install additional applications to configure those.
There are some bugs in the right-click menu with recent applications and some in the Nitrogen wallpaper changer. However, they are not a showstopper for your day to day usage.
So, overall I think it’s stable and can work well despite the missing pieces.
### Summary and Conclusion
While wrapping up the CrunchBang++ review, I am compelled to say that it is one of the efficient and functional Linux distribution. It might not be the shiny and glittery desktop out there, but a stable and productive Linux Distribution that can run on any hardware. You can easily use it for your daily driver and keep on using it for years without formatting your entire system. A great piece of software from the people involved with CrunchBang++.
Cheers.
* * *
We bring the latest tech, software news and stuff that matters. Stay in touch via [Telegram][14], [Twitter][15], [YouTube][16], and [Facebook][17] and never miss an update!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/crunchbang-linux-review/
作者：[Arindam][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/03/lightweight-linux-distributions-2022/
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/CrunchBang-Linux-Desktop-with-Openbox-1024x576.jpg
[3]: https://crunchbangplusplus.org/
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Installation-in-boot-menu.jpg
[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2020/11/virt-manager/
[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/01/install-debian-buster/
[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-welcome-script.jpg
[8]: https://github.com/WdesktopX/gmrun
[9]: https://gitlab.com/o9000/tint2
[10]: https://tools.suckless.org/dmenu/
[11]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/01/extix-21-1-review/
[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Performance-During-Idle-State.jpg
[13]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Performance-During-Heavy-workload-State.jpg
[14]: https://t.me/debugpoint
[15]: https://twitter.com/DebugPoint
[16]: https://www.youtube.com/c/debugpoint?sub_confirmation=1
[17]: https://facebook.com/DebugPoint

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[#]: subject: "Peergos: An Open-Source Google Drive Alternative That You Can Self-Host"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/peergos/"
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Peergos: An Open-Source Google Drive Alternative That You Can Self-Host
======
Google Drive is one of the most popular cloud storage services.
And, for all the right reasons, it offers flexible pricing, regional pricing, and many other advantages.
Unfortunately, it does not offer end-to-end encryption. Moreover, it is not an open-source offering.
So, do we have an open-source replacement for Google Drive?
Sure, [free cloud storage services][1] are available, but they aren’t open-source nor entirely secure/private.
Fret not, we have an excellent open-source solution, i.e., **Peergos**.
### Peergos: A Peer-to-Peer Open-Source Cloud Storage Service With a Mini Social Network Platform
![][2]
[Peergos][3] is not just an ordinary alternative to Google Drive. It is much more than just a private web storage platform.
With Peergos, you get an end-to-end encrypted private webspace built on top of [IPFS protocol][4] (peer-to-peer).
The use of such a protocol makes it a decentralized storage platform which is resistant to censorship.
Not just limited to its security/privacy, you also get the ability to socialize with your friends in the platform using the newsfeed.
For instance, you upload photos and share them with your friends, other users (your friends) can see them in their newsfeed and interact just like a social media platform.
You also get to add to-do tasks, organize a calendar, and share it with collaborators/friends as required.
In other words, you can also consider Peergos as a [Nextcloud][5] replacement to some extent.
You can opt to self-host Peergos or opt for their cloud offering starts for free (200 MB storage) and can be upgraded to 50 GB for **£5** /month or 500 GB for **£25 /month**.
Let me highlight some of the key features that you get with Peergos.
### Features of Peergos
![][6]
Considering you get a variety of functionalities with Peergos, here are the highlights:
* End-to-End encryption for storage.
* Ability to share your photos, video, and documents.
* Generate links to let other users download your file, if required.
* Keeps your activity private without recording your usage.
* You can self-host Peergos, giving you complete control.
* Private metadata, keeping your contact list, file size, directory structure and other information hidden.
* Offering a decentralized storage that you can access seamlessly.
* Open-source and audited.
* Social media network abilities.
* To-do list, and task management.
* Collaboration features.
* Markdown support.
* Ability to view PDF documents.
* Access calendar, create and organize events.
* Website directory, which can be accessed using a personalized URL or local port if you self-host.
Peergos is a feature-rich offering that lets you store your files without worrying about trusting the company.
While it is not entirely anonymous, Peergos as a service does not record any of your information.
Moreover, you get the ability to self-host, if you want total control of everything.
### Get Started with Peergos
You need to [sign up][7] (for the cloud option) or self-host it as per the instructions in its [GitHub page][8].
![][9]
The free space of 200 MB is pretty low. However, if you want to store some of your important documents, and select collection of photos, this could be useful for some.
The premium upgrade has the option to go up to 500 GB of storage for **£25** per month.
![][10]
Navigating around the platform is pretty easy and the user interface looks good.
![][11]
It does support a dark mode, so you can toggle it anytime you need it. The sharing options available should be sufficient for all kinds of collaboration.
The ability to control access to your shared files using groups is an interesting idea.
![][12]
[Peergos][3]
### Final Thoughts
Peergos is a unique offering that you can self-host. It is open-source and offers all the goodies for a privacy enthusiast to store files and collaborate securely.
The cloud offering may not be attractive for its low free storage space. But, if you really like the concept, you can choose to upgrade to a premium plan with more storage.
If you wanted an open-source alternative to Google Drive, Peergos can be an interesting pick.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/peergos/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/cloud-services-linux/
[2]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/peergos-home.png?resize=800%2C623&ssl=1
[3]: https://peergos.org/
[4]: https://ipfs.io/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/nextcloud/
[6]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/peergos-social.png?resize=800%2C633&ssl=1
[7]: https://peergos.net/?signup=true
[8]: https://github.com/peergos/peergos
[9]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/peergos-sign-up.png?resize=800%2C684&ssl=1
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/peergos-signup.png?resize=800%2C481&ssl=1
[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/peergos-dark.png?resize=800%2C513&ssl=1
[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/peergos-sharing.png?resize=800%2C715&ssl=1

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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "hwlife"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
[#]: subject: "Install Privacy-friendly WhatsApp Alternative Signal on Linux Desktop"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/install-signal-ubuntu/"
[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/"
在Linux桌面上安装隐私友好的WhatsApp替代品软件Signal
======
即时通讯软件Signal作为我的理想选择有一年多了。具有隐私意识的人和技术牛人已经意识到这个厉害软件的存在，与此同时，在最近的WhatsApp隐私政策更新之后，Signal更是得到了很多人的褒奖。
无论什么原因，如果你对Signal一无所知，同时你想知道是否能在桌面上使用Signal，答案是肯定的。你可以在Linux，Windows和macOS系统以及智能手机上安装Signal。
![Signal Messenger on Pop OS Linux distribution][3]
我不想强调Sinal的功能，因为你可能已经有所了解。我只想向你展示在Linux桌面上安装Signal的不同方法：
* 用Snap包管理器在Liunx上安装Sigal (除自动更新和无障碍安装之外，snap程序会加载很长时间)
* 用apt包管理器在Debian和基于Ubuntu的发行版上安装Signal(除了安装程序并自动更新外，还有添加仓库额外的操作)
* 用AUR包管理器在Arch和Manjaro Linux上安装Signal
* 用Flatpak包在Fedora和其他Linux系统上安装Signal
你可以基于你的发行版和偏好来选择这些安装方法的其中一种：
### 方法 1:用Snap包管理器在Liunx上安装Signal
如果你正在使用Ubuntu，你可以在软件中心找到Signal桌面版程序的Snap格式软件包。
![][4]
或者，你可以在任何[有Snap包支持功能的Linux发行版][6]上[使用Snap命令][5]安装Signal。
```
sudo snap install signal-desktop
```
你可以使用`snap remove` 命令或者从软件中心删除它。
有些人不喜欢Snap包是因为它们启动时间太长。好消息是你能够使用apt命令来安装Signal。下一部分我们再讨论。
### 方法 2: 通过APT在Debian和基于Ubuntu的发行版上安装Signal (使用官方Signal仓库)
这里是你必须在Debian，Linux Mint,elementary OS 和基于Debian/Ubuntu的其他发行版跟从安装Signal的步骤。你可以[在终端里复制和粘贴命令][7]。
第一件事是得到官方Signal仓库的GPG密钥，并且把它加入到你的APT包管理器可信任的密钥中。
```
wget -O- https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt/keys.asc | sudo apt-key add -
```
密钥添加之后，你可以将仓库安全的添加的你的系统中。 _**不要因为仓库名称使用xenial惊慌失措**_。它将适配Ubuntu18.04，20.04和更新的版本以及Debian，Mint等等系统。
```
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list
```
多亏了 [Linux的tee命令][8],在sources.list目录`/etc/apt/sources.list.d`下你将会有一个叫做 `signal-xenial.list`的新文件。这个新文件有Signal仓库信息即`deb [arch=amd64] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial main`。
既然你已经添加了仓库，那么来更新缓存并安装Signal桌面程序吧：
```
sudo apt update && sudo apt install signal-desktop
```
一旦安装成功，在程序菜单找到Signal然后启动它。
![][9]
由于你已经添加了仓库，你安装的Signal程序将会伴随系统日常更新而自动更新。
享受在Linux桌面上使用Signal加密通讯的乐趣吧。
#### 删除Signal
如果我不分享给你删除的步骤，那么指南是不完整的。让我们看一下。
首先，删除程序：
```
sudo apt remove signal-desktop
```
你可以保持原样，或者你可以从系统中删除Signal仓库。对你来说是可选择的。仓库继续在系统里的话，你可以轻松的再次安装Signal。如果你删除了仓库的话，你将不得不按照之前的步骤再次重新添加仓库。
如果你也想同时删除掉Signal仓库，你可以选择图形化方法，通过软件和更新工具在那里删除它。
![][10]
或者，你可以用rm命令来删除这个文件：
```
rm -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list
```
### 方法 3:用AUR包管理器在Arch和Manjaro Linux上安装Signal
通过[AUR包管理器][12]在 [基于Arch的Linux发行版][11上安装Signal是有效的。如果你在Manjaro上使用Pamac并且启用了AUR包管理器，在包管理器里你可以找到Signal。
否则，你可以经常[使用AUR的帮助][13]。
```
sudo yay -Ss <package-name>
```
我相信你能够在相似的功能下删除店Signal。
### 方法 4: 用Flatpak包在Fedora和其他Linux系统上安装Signal
Signal没有.rpm的安装文件。然而，[Flatpak包是可用的][14],并且你可以在Fedora上用它来安装Signal。
```
flatpak install flathub org.signal.Signal
```
一旦安装成功，你可以从菜单中运行它或者在终端中输入以下命令：
```
flatpak run org.signal.Signal
```
Signal和Telegram是抛弃掉WhatsApp的两个主流和独立的可选软件。这两个软件都提供本地的Linux桌面程序。如果你使用Telegram，你可以[加入It’s FOSS的官方频道][15]。我个人来说使用Signal，因为它没有‘频道’这个功能。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/install-signal-ubuntu/
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[hwlife](https://github.com/hwlife)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/signal-messaging-app/
[2]: https://signal.org/
[3]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/signal-shot.jpg?resize=800%2C565&ssl=1
[4]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/signal-desktop-ubuntu.png?resize=800%2C425&ssl=1
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/use-snap-packages-ubuntu-16-04/
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/install-snap-linux/
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/copy-paste-linux-terminal/
[8]: https://linuxhandbook.com/tee-command/
[9]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/signal-app-in-ubuntu.jpg?resize=795%2C230&ssl=1
[10]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/remove-signal-repository.png?resize=800%2C401&ssl=1
[11]: https://itsfoss.com/arch-based-linux-distros/
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/aur-arch-linux/
[13]: https://itsfoss.com/best-aur-helpers/
[14]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.signal.Signal
[15]: https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAEPRGUJrEE1itjpH6A

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[#]: subject: "Archive files on your Linux desktop with Ark for KDE"
[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/2/archives-files-linux-ark-kde"
[#]: author: "Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "lkxed"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
使用 KDE 的 Ark 在 Linux 桌面上归档文件
======
在 KDE 上创建、检查和扩展压缩的档案。
![手工将 Linux 的文件夹放进抽屉里][1]
当我完成一个项目时，我经常喜欢把为这个项目创建的所有文件放到一个档案中。这不仅可以 [节省空间][2]，而且可以让这些文件远离我的视线，防止它们在我使用 [find][3] 和 [grep][4] 搜索我当前想要的文件时作为结果出现。一旦文件被归档，它们就会被你的文件系统视为一个单独的对象，这意味着你不能像浏览普通文件夹那样来浏览它们。你可以把它们解压缩来列出档案的内容，或者打开一个终端，运行适当的归档命令，比如 [tar][5] 命令。又或者你可以使用一个像 Ark 这样的应用程序来列出、预览、修改和管理你的档案。
### 在 Linux 上安装 Ark
KDE Plasma 桌面预装了 Ark，你也可以从软件包管理器中获取。在 Fedora、Mageia 和类似的系统中，你可以运行：
```shell
$ sudo dnf install ark
```
在 Debian、Elementary 和类似的系统中，你可以运行：
```shell
$ sudo apt install ark
```
你也可以从 [Flathub][7] 上 [获取并安装它的 Flatpak 包][6]。
### 创建一个档案
熟悉归档的最好方法就是自己创建一个档案，然后探索它。所有的这些都可以通过 Ark 来完成。
首先，从你的应用程序菜单中启动 Ark，然后进入<ruby>“归档”<rt>Archive</rt></ruby>菜单，选择<ruby>“新建”<rt>New</rt></ruby>。
![用 Ark 创建一个新的档案][8]
（图源 Seth Kenlon / [CC BY-SA 4.0][9]）
给你的档案设置一个文件名，使用默认的压缩设置，并将档案保存到你的主目录。
Ark 不会自动创建空的档案，但在你设置好名称和位置后，只要你向其中添加文件，Ark 就会立即创建一个档案。
要向即将建立的档案中添加文件，只需将该文件拖入 Ark 窗口即可。
![档案中的内容][10]
（图源 Seth Kenlon / [CC BY-SA 4.0][9]）
归档有两个好处：合并和压缩。通过把文件添加到档案里，你将许多文件整合到了同一个地方。因为它们已经存在于档案中，所以，如果你想要摆脱这些文件的干扰，你完全以把原始的副本删除掉。
要查看你通过压缩文件节省了多少磁盘空间，你可以进入<ruby>“档案”<rt>Archive</rt></ruby>菜单，选择<ruby>“属性”<rt>Properties</rt></ruby>。它会显示出文件在归档前/后的大小，同时还有很多其他有用的元数据。
![档案的属性和元数据][11]
（图源 Seth Kenlon / [CC BY-SA 4.0][9]）
Ark 可以做的事情还有很多，但是现在先关闭 Ark，假装你已经使用完毕。你的档案会在你声明保存它的位置（在这个例子中，它的名字是`example.tar.gz`，位于我的用户主目录中。）
### 查看档案中的文件
Ark 可以打开任何档案，就像打开一个普通的文件夹一样。要在 Ark 中打开一个档案，只需在文件管理器中左键点击它（单击/双击，取决于你的系统设置）。你也可以右键点击它，并选择<ruby>“用 Ark 打开”<rt>Open with Ark</rt></ruby>。
一旦档案在 Ark 中打开，你就可以在文件管理器中进行大部分操作，包括删除文件、添加新文件、预览文件内容等等。
### 从档案中删除文件
有时候，你会把一个文件放到一个你不需要的档案中。此时，当你想从档案中删除一个文件时，你可以右键单击该文件并选择<ruby>“删除”<rt>Delete</rt></ruby>。
![右键菜单][12]
（图源 Seth Kenlon / [CC BY-SA 4.0][9]）
### 向档案中添加文件
向档案中添加文件是更加容易的。你只需从文件管理器中把该文件拖拽到 Ark 里。另外，你也可以选择 Ark 右键菜单中<ruby>“添加文件”<rt>Add Files</rt></ruby>。
### 从档案中提取单个文件
当处理一个档案时，许多人会选择解开整个档案，然后寻找他们真正需要的一两个文件。对于小档案，这勉强说得过去，但对于大档案来说，这会占用你大量的时间和磁盘空间，哪怕只是暂时的。
有了 Ark，你可以只提取你需要的文件，只要把它们从 Ark 窗口拖到你要保存的地方就行。另外，你也可以选择右键菜单中的<ruby>“提取”<rt>Extract</rt></ruby>。
### 预览档案中的文件
事实上，你并不总是需要提取文件。如果你只是需要快速查看一个文件，Ark 或许可以向你展示一个文件的预览，而不需要将其解压到你的硬盘上。
要预览一个文件，在 Ark 中双击它即可。
![在 Ark 中预览一个文件][13]
（图源 Seth Kenlon / [CC BY-SA 4.0][9]）
### 开始归档吧
在 Linux 桌面上管理档案是非常简单和直观的。Ark 是一个很好的归档工具，许多其他的 Linux 桌面也有类似的工具。因此，即使你不使用 Ark，其他类似的工具也能帮助到你。对我来说，归档很大程度上让我保持了文件的有条不紊、节约了磁盘空间。Ark 的存在使得我们可以很方便地和档案打交道。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/22/2/archives-files-linux-ark-kde
作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/yearbook-haff-rx-linux-file-lead_0.png?itok=-i0NNfDC (Hand putting a Linux file folder into a drawer)
[2]: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/linux-commands-convert-files
[3]: https://opensource.com/article/21/9/linux-find-command
[4]: https://opensource.com/article/21/3/grep-cheat-sheet
[5]: https://opensource.com/article/17/7/how-unzip-targz-file
[6]: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/install-flatpak-linux
[7]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.ark
[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-new.jpg (Creating a new archive in Ark)
[9]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-items.jpg (Items in an archive)
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-properties.jpg (Archive properties and metadata)
[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-menu-click-right.jpg (Right-click menu)
[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/ark-preview.jpg (Previewing a file in Ark)