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translating by liuxinyu123
Long-term Linux support future clarified
============================================================
Long-term support Linux version 4.4 will get six years of life, but that doesn't mean other LTS editions will last so long.
[video](http://www.zdnet.com/video/video-torvalds-surprised-by-resilience-of-2-6-kernel-1/)
_Video: Torvalds surprised by resilience of 2.6 kernel_
In October 2017, the [Linux kernel team agreed to extend the next version of Linux's Long Term Support (LTS) from two years to six years][5], [Linux 4.14][6]. This helps [Android][7], embedded Linux, and Linux Internet of Things (IoT) developers. But this move did not mean all future Linux LTS versions will have a six-year lifespan.
As Konstantin Ryabitsev, [The Linux Foundation][8]'s director of IT infrastructure security, explained in a Google+ post, "Despite what various news sites out there may have told you, [kernel 4.14 LTS is not planned to be supported for 6 years][9]. Just because Greg Kroah-Hartman is doing it for 4.4 does not mean that all LTS kernels from now on are going to be maintained for that long."
So, in short, 4.14 will be supported until January 2020, while the 4.4 Linux kernel, which arrived on Jan. 20, 2016, will be supported until 2022\. Therefore, if you're working on a Linux distribution that's meant for the longest possible run, you want to base it on [Linux 4.4][10].
[Linux LTS versions][11] incorporate back-ported bug fixes for older kernel trees. Not all bug fixes are imported; only important bug fixes are applied to such kernels. They, especially for older trees, don't usually see very frequent releases.
The other Linux versions are Prepatch or release candidates (RC), Mainline, Stable, and LTS.
RC must be compiled from source and usually contains bug fixes and new features. These are maintained and released by Linus Torvalds. He also maintains the Mainline tree (this is where all new features are introduced). New mainline kernels are released every few months. When the mainline kernel is released for general use, it is considered "stable." Bug fixes for a stable kernel are back-ported from the mainline tree and applied by a designated stable kernel maintainer. There are usually only a few bug-fix kernel releases until the next mainline kernel becomes available.
As for the latest LTS, Linux 4.14, Ryabitsev said, "It is possible that someone may pick up maintainership of 4.14 after Greg is done with it (it's happened in the past on multiple occasions), but you should emphatically not plan on that."
Kroah-Hartman simply added to Ryabitsev's post: ["What he said."][12]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.zdnet.com/article/long-term-linux-support-future-clarified/
作者：[Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols ][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
[1]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/long-term-linux-support-future-clarified/#comments-eb4f0633-955f-4fec-9e56-734c34ee2bf2
[2]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-tension-between-iot-and-erp/
[3]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-tension-between-iot-and-erp/
[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-tension-between-iot-and-erp/
[5]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/long-term-support-linux-gets-a-longer-lease-on-life/
[6]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-new-long-term-linux-kernel-linux-4-14-has-arrived/
[7]:https://www.android.com/
[8]:https://www.linuxfoundation.org/
[9]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/+KonstantinRyabitsev/posts/Lq97ZtL8Xw9
[10]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/whats-new-and-nifty-in-linux-4-4/
[11]:https://www.kernel.org/releases.html
[12]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/+gregkroahhartman/posts/ZUcSz3Sn1Hc
[13]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
[14]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
[15]:http://www.zdnet.com/blog/open-source/
[16]:http://www.zdnet.com/topic/enterprise-software/

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Linux 长期支持版关于未来的声明
===============================
Linux 4.4 长期支持版将得到 6年的使用期，但是这并不意味着其它长期支持版的使用期将持续这么久。
[视频](http://www.zdnet.com/video/video-torvalds-surprised-by-resilience-of-2-6-kernel-1/)
_视频: Torvalds 对内核版本 2.6 的弹性感到惊讶_
在 2017 年 10 月，[Linux 内核小组同意将 Linux 长期支持版(LTS)的下一个版本的生命期从两年延长至六年][5]，而 LTS 的下一个版本正是 [Linux 4.14][6]。这对于 [Android][7]，嵌入式 Linux 和 Linux 物联网(IoT)的开发者们是一个利好。但是这个变动并不意味着将来所有的 Linux LTS 版本将有 6 年的使用期。
正如 [Linux 基金会][8]的 IT 技术设施安全主管 Konstantin Ryabitsev 在 google+ 上发文解释说，"尽管外面的各种各样的新闻网站可能已经告知你们，但是[内核版本 4.14 的 LTS 并不计划支持 6 年][9]。仅仅因为 Greg Kroah-Hartman 正在为 LTS 4.4 版本做这项工作并不表示从现在开始所有的 LTS 内核会维持那么久。"
所以，简而言之，Linux 4.14 将支持到 2020年 1月份，而 2016 年 1 月 20 号问世的 Linux 4.4 内核将支持到 2022 年。因此，如果你正在编写一个打算能够长期运行的 Linux 发行版，那你需要基于 [Linux 4.4 版本][10]。
[Linux LTS 版本][11]包含对旧内核树的后向移植漏洞的修复。不是所有漏洞的修复都被导入进来，只有重要漏洞的修复才用于这些内核中。它们不会非常频繁的发布，特别是对那些旧版本的内核树来说。
Linux 其它的版本有尝鲜版或发布候选版(RC),主线版，稳定版和 LTS 版。
RC 版必须从源代码编译并且通常包含漏洞的修复和新特性。这些都是由 Linux Torvalds 维护和发布的。他也维护主线版本树(这是所有新特性被引入的地方)。新的主线内核每几个月发布一次。当主线版本树为了通用才发布时，它被称为"稳定版"。一个稳定版内核漏洞的修复是从主线版本树后向移植的，并且这些修复是由一个指定的稳定版内核维护者来申请。在下一个主线内核变得可用之前，通常也有一些修复漏洞的内核发布。
对于最新的 LTS 版本，Linux 4.14，Ryabitsev 说，"Greg 已经担负起了 4.14 版本的维护者责任(过去发生过多次)，其他人想成为该版本的维护者也是有可能的，但是你应该断然不要去计划这件事。"
Kroah-Hartman 在 Ryabitsev 的文章中仅仅添加了:"[他的言论][12]"
-------------------
via: http://www.zdnet.com/article/long-term-linux-support-future-clarified/
作者：[Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols ][a]
译者：[liuxinyu123](https://github.com/liuxinyu123)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
[1]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/long-term-linux-support-future-clarified/#comments-eb4f0633-955f-4fec-9e56-734c34ee2bf2
[2]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-tension-between-iot-and-erp/
[3]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-tension-between-iot-and-erp/
[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-tension-between-iot-and-erp/
[5]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/long-term-support-linux-gets-a-longer-lease-on-life/
[6]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-new-long-term-linux-kernel-linux-4-14-has-arrived/
[7]:https://www.android.com/
[8]:https://www.linuxfoundation.org/
[9]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/+KonstantinRyabitsev/posts/Lq97ZtL8Xw9
[10]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/whats-new-and-nifty-in-linux-4-4/
[11]:https://www.kernel.org/releases.html
[12]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/+gregkroahhartman/posts/ZUcSz3Sn1Hc
[13]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
[14]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
[15]:http://www.zdnet.com/blog/open-source/
[16]:http://www.zdnet.com/topic/enterprise-software/