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https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
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Xingyu.Wang
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@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
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[#]: subject: (9 reasons I love to use the Qt Creator IDE)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/6/qtcreator)
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[#]: author: (Stephan Avenwedde https://opensource.com/users/hansic99)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (hadisi1993)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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9 reasons I love to use the Qt Creator IDE
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======
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Qt Creator is the glue between Qt's rich set of libraries and the
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programmer.
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![Business woman on laptop sitting in front of window][1]
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Qt Creator is the Qt framework's default integrated development environment (IDE) and hence the glue between Qt's rich set of libraries and the user. In addition to its basic features such as intelligent code completion, debugging, and project administration, Qt Creator offers a lot of nice features that make software development easier.
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In this article, I will highlight some of my favorite [Qt Creator][2] features.
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### Dark mode
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My first question when working with a new application is: _Is there a dark mode?_ Qt Creator answers with: _Which dark mode do you prefer?_
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You can activate dark mode in the Options menu. On the top menu bar, go to **Tools**, select **Options**, and go to the **Environment** section. Here is where you can select the general appearance:
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![ QT Creator dark mode][3]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### Custom appearance
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Like every Qt application, Qt Creator's appearance is highly customizable with style sheets. Below, you can follow along with my approach to give Qt Creator a fancy look.
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Create the file `mycustomstylesheet.css` with the following content:
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```
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QMenuBar { background-color: olive }
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QMenuBar::item { background-color: olive }
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QMenu { background-color : beige; color : black }
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QLabel { color: green }
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```
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Then start Qt Creator from the command line and pass the style sheet as a parameter with:
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```
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`qtcreator -stylesheet=mycustomstylesheet.css`
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```
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It should look like this:
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![QT Creator custom stylesheet][5]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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Read more about style sheets in the [documentation][6].
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### Command-line parameters
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Qt Creator accepts many command-line options. For example, if you want to automatically load your current project at startup, pass the path to the `*.pro-file`:
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```
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`qtcreator ~/MyProject/MyQtProject.pro`
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```
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You can even pass the file and the line number that should be opened by default. This command opens the file `main.cpp` at line 20:
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```
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`qtcreator ~/MyProject/main.cpp:20`
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```
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Read more about the Qt Creator-specific command-line options in the [documentation][7].
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Qt Creator is an ordinary Qt application, so, in addition to its own command-line arguments, it also accepts the generic arguments for [QApplication][8] and [QGuiApplication][9].
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### Cross-compiling
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Qt Creator allows you to define several toolchains, called **Kits**. A kit defines the binaries and SDK for building and running an application:
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![QT Creator kits][10]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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This allows you to switch between completely different toolchains with just two clicks:
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![Switching between Kits in Qt Creator][11]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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Read more about kits in the [manual][12].
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### Analyzer
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Qt Creator integrates several of the most popular analyzers, such as:
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* [Linux Performance Analyzer][13] (requires a special kernel)
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* [Valgrind][14] memory profiler
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* [Clang-Tidy and Clazy][15], a linter for C/C++
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![Qt Creator analyzer][16]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### Debugger
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When it comes to debugging, Qt Creator has a nice interface for GNU Debugger (GDB). I like its easy way of inspecting container types and creating conditional breakpoints:
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![Qt Creator debugger][17]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### FakeVim
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If you like Vim, enable FakeVim in the settings to control Qt Creator like Vim. Go to **Tools** and select **Options**. In the **FakeVim** section, you can find many switches to customize FakeVim's behavior. In addition to the editor functions, you can also map your own functions to custom Vim commands.
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For example, you can map the function **Build Project** to the `build` command:
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![FakeVim in Qt Creator][18]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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Back in the editor, when you press the colon button and enter `build`, Qt Creator starts a build process with the configured toolchain:
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![FakeVim in Qt Creator][19]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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You can find more information about FakeVim [in the docs][20].
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### Class inspector
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When developing in C++, open the right window by clicking on the button in the bottom-right corner of Qt Creator. Then choose **Outline** from the dropdown menu on the top border. If you have a header file open on the left pane, you get a nice overview of the defined classes or types. If you switch to a source file (`*.cpp`), the right pane will list all defined methods, and you can jump to one by double-clicking on it:
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![List of classes in Qt Creator][21]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### Project configuration
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Qt Creator projects are built around the `*.pro-file` in the project's directory. You can add your own custom configuration to the project's `*.pro-file` of your project. I added `my_special_config` to the `*.pro-file`, which adds `MY_SPECIAL_CONFIG` to the compiler defined:
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```
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QT -= gui
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CONFIG += c++11 console
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CONFIG -= app_bundle
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CONFIG += my_special_config
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my_special_config {
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DEFINES += MY_SPECIAL_CONFIG
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}
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```
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Qt Creator automatically highlights the code according to the active configuration:
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![Special configuration in Qt Creator][22]
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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The `*.pro-file` is written in the [qmake language][23].
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### Summary
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These features are only the tip of the iceberg of what Qt Creator provides. Beginners shouldn't feel overwhelmed by the many features, as Qt Creator is absolutely beginner-friendly. It may even be the easiest way to start developing in C++. To get a complete overview of its features, refer to the [official Qt Creator documentation][24].
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/21/6/qtcreator
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作者：[Stephan Avenwedde][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
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|
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/hansic99
|
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/lenovo-thinkpad-laptop-concentration-focus-windows-office.png?itok=-8E2ihcF (Woman using laptop concentrating)
|
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[2]: https://www.qt.io/product/development-tools
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[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_dark_mode.png ( QT Creator dark mode)
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[4]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_custom_stylesheet2.png (QT Creator custom stylesheet)
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[6]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/stylesheet-reference.html
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[7]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-cli.html
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[8]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qapplication.html#QApplication
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[9]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qguiapplication.html#supported-command-line-options
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[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_cross_compiling.png (QT Creator kits)
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[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_select_kits.png (Switching between Kits in Qt Creator)
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[12]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-targets.html
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[13]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-cpu-usage-analyzer.html
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[14]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-valgrind-overview.html
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[15]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-clang-tools.html
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[16]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_analyzer.png (Qt Creator analyzer)
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[17]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_debugger2.png (Qt Creator debugger)
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[18]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_fakevim_ex_commands.png (FakeVim in Qt Creator)
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[19]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_fakevim_build_commands.png (FakeVim in Qt Creator)
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[20]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-editor-fakevim.html
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[21]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qtcreator_class_overview.png (List of classes in Qt Creator)
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[22]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qtcreater_special_config.png (Special configuration in Qt Creator)
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[23]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qmake-language.html
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[24]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/
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@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
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[#]: subject: (9 reasons I love to use the Qt Creator IDE)
|
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/6/qtcreator)
|
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[#]: author: (Stephan Avenwedde https://opensource.com/users/hansic99)
|
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
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[#]: translator: (hadisi1993)
|
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
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9个我爱用Qt Creator IDE的原因
|
||||
======
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Qt Creator 就是丰富的Qt库和程序员之间的胶水。
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![坐在窗前用笔记本电脑的商务女性][1]
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Qt Creator 是Ot框架默认的集成开发环境（IDE），同时也是丰富的Qt库和用户之前的胶水。除了如智能代码补全，调试，项目管理等基础功能外，Qt Creator还提供了很多让软件开发变得更简单的特性。
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|
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在这篇文章中，我会重点介绍一些我最喜欢的[Qt Creator][2]特性。
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### 黑暗模式
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当我使用一个新的应用时，我的第一个问题是：_这里有黑暗模式吗？_ Qt Creator的回答是：_你更喜欢哪一种黑暗模式呢？_
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你可以在选项菜单中激活黑暗模式。在顶部的菜单栏中，点击**工具**，选择**选项**,然后转到**环境**部分。下面是你能选择的常用外观：
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||||
|
||||
![ QT Creator 黑暗模式][3]
|
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(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### 定制外观
|
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|
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像每一个Qt应用一样，借助样式表，Qt Creator的外观是高度可定制化的。下面，你可以按照我的做法给Qt Creator一个想要的外观。
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将下面这些内容写入`mycustomstylesheet.css`文件中：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
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QMenuBar { background-color: olive }
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QMenuBar::item { background-color: olive }
|
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QMenu { background-color : beige; color : black }
|
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QLabel { color: green }
|
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```
|
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|
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然后使用命令行开启Qt Creator，将样式表作为参数传入：
|
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|
||||
|
||||
```
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`qtcreator -stylesheet=mycustomstylesheet.css`
|
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```
|
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|
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IDE现在看上去应该会变成这样：
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|
||||
![QT Creator 定制样式表][5]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
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|
||||
在这份[文档][6]中可以查阅更多的样式表
|
||||
|
||||
### 命令行参数
|
||||
Qt Creator 可接受很多命令行选项。例如，如果想在启动时自动加载当前项目，那么你可以将它的路径传递给`*.pro-file`:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
`qtcreator ~/MyProject/MyQtProject.pro`
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你甚至可以将默认应该打开的文件和行数作为参数传递。下面这个命令在20行处打开`main.cpp`：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
`qtcreator ~/MyProject/main.cpp:20`
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
在这份[文档][7]中可以查阅更多Qt特有的命令行选项。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Qt Creator和一般的Qt应用无二，所以，除了自己的命令行参数以外，它也接收[QApplication][8]和[QGuiApplication][9]的一般参数。
|
||||
### 交叉编译
|
||||
|
||||
Qt Creator allows you to define several toolchains, called **Kits**. A kit defines the binaries and SDK for building and running an application:
|
||||
Qt Creator允许你定义一些被称为**Kits**的toolchains。一个Kit定义构建和运行应用所需要的二进制库和SDK。
|
||||
![QT Creator kits][10]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
This allows you to switch between completely different toolchains with just two clicks:
|
||||
这使得你通过两次点击，就在完全不同的toolchains之间切换。
|
||||
|
||||
![在Qt Creator中切换Kits][11]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
在这份[手册][12]中可以查阅更多关于Kits的内容。
|
||||
### 分析工具
|
||||
|
||||
Qt Creator集成了一些最流行的性能分析工具，例如：
|
||||
|
||||
* [Linux Performance Analyzer][13] (需要特定的内核)
|
||||
* [Valgrind][14] memory profiler
|
||||
* [Clang-Tidy and Clazy][15], 一种检查C/C++的linter
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
![Qt Creator性能分析工具][16]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
### 调试器
|
||||
|
||||
在调试方面，Qt Creator为GNU Debugger（GDB）配备了一个很好的界面。我喜欢它检查容器类型和创建条件断点的方式，很简易。
|
||||
|
||||
![Qt Creator 调试器][17]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
### FakeVim
|
||||
|
||||
如果你喜欢Vim，你可以开启在设置中开启FakeVim来像Vim一样控制Qt Creator。点击**工具**并选择**选项**。在**FakeVim**选项中，你可以找到许多开关来定制FakeVim。除了编辑器的功能外，你可以将自己设置的功能和命令关联起来，定制Vim命令。
|
||||
|
||||
举个例子，你可以将**创建项目**的功能和`build`命令关联到一起去：
|
||||
For example, you can map the function **Build Project** to the `build` command:
|
||||
|
||||
![Qt Creator中的FakeVim][18]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
回到编辑器中，当你按下冒号并输入build，Qt Creator利用配置的toolchain，开始进行构建:
|
||||
|
||||
![Qt Creator中的FakeVim][19]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
你可以中这份[文档][20]中找到FakeVim的更多信息。
|
||||
### 类检测器
|
||||
|
||||
当使用C++开发时，点击Qt Creator右下角的按钮可打开右边的窗口。然后在窗口顶部拉下的菜单中选择**轮廓**。如果你在左侧窗体中有头文件打开，你可以很好地纵览定义的类和类型。如果你切换到源文件中(`*.cpp`)，右侧窗体会列出所有定义的方法，双击其中一个，你可以跳转到这个方法：
|
||||
![Qt Creator中的类列表][21]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
### 项目配置
|
||||
|
||||
Qt Creator 的项目建立在项目文件里的`*.pro-file`之上。你可以为你的项目在`*.pro-file`中添加你定制的配置。我向`*.pro-file`中添加了`my_special_config`，它向编译器的定义添加`MY_SPECIAL_CONFIG`。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
QT -= gui
|
||||
|
||||
CONFIG += c++11 console
|
||||
CONFIG -= app_bundle
|
||||
|
||||
CONFIG += my_special_config
|
||||
|
||||
my_special_config {
|
||||
DEFINES += MY_SPECIAL_CONFIG
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Qt Creator 自动根据当前配置设置代码高亮:
|
||||
![Qt Creator的特殊配置][22]
|
||||
|
||||
(Stephan Avenwedde, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
|
||||
|
||||
`*.pro-file` 使用[qmake语言][23]进行编写
|
||||
### Summary
|
||||
这些特性仅仅是Qt Creators提供特性的冰山一角。初学者们应该不会感到被其众多的功能所淹没，Qt Creator是一款对初学者很友好的IDE。它甚至可能是开始C++开发最简单的方式。如果要获得QT Creator特性的全面概述，请参考它的[官方文档][24]。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/21/6/qtcreator
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Stephan Avenwedde][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[hadisi1993](https://github.com/hadisi1993)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/hansic99
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/lenovo-thinkpad-laptop-concentration-focus-windows-office.png?itok=-8E2ihcF (Woman using laptop concentrating)
|
||||
[2]: https://www.qt.io/product/development-tools
|
||||
[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_dark_mode.png ( QT Creator dark mode)
|
||||
[4]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
|
||||
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_custom_stylesheet2.png (QT Creator custom stylesheet)
|
||||
[6]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/stylesheet-reference.html
|
||||
[7]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-cli.html
|
||||
[8]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qapplication.html#QApplication
|
||||
[9]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qguiapplication.html#supported-command-line-options
|
||||
[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_cross_compiling.png (QT Creator kits)
|
||||
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_select_kits.png (Switching between Kits in Qt Creator)
|
||||
[12]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-targets.html
|
||||
[13]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-cpu-usage-analyzer.html
|
||||
[14]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-valgrind-overview.html
|
||||
[15]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-clang-tools.html
|
||||
[16]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_analyzer.png (Qt Creator analyzer)
|
||||
[17]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_debugger2.png (Qt Creator debugger)
|
||||
[18]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_fakevim_ex_commands.png (FakeVim in Qt Creator)
|
||||
[19]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qt_creator_fakevim_build_commands.png (FakeVim in Qt Creator)
|
||||
[20]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-editor-fakevim.html
|
||||
[21]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qtcreator_class_overview.png (List of classes in Qt Creator)
|
||||
[22]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/qtcreater_special_config.png (Special configuration in Qt Creator)
|
||||
[23]: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qmake-language.html
|
||||
[24]: https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user