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The List Of Useful Bash Keyboard Shortcuts
======
translating by heart4lor
![](https://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Bash-720x340.jpg)
Nowadays, I spend more time in Terminal, trying to accomplish more in CLI than GUI. I learned many BASH tricks over time. And, here is the list of useful of BASH shortcuts that every Linux users should know to get things done faster in their BASH shell. I won’t claim that this list is a complete list of BASH shortcuts, but just enough to move around your BASH shell faster than before. Learning how to navigate faster in BASH Shell not only saves some time, but also makes you proud of yourself for learning something worth. Well, let’s get started.
### List Of Useful Bash Keyboard Shortcuts
#### ALT key shortcuts
1\. **ALT+A** – Go to the beginning of a line.
2\. **ALT+B** – Move one character before the cursor.
3\. **ALT+C** – Suspends the running command/process. Same as CTRL+C
4\. **ALT+D** – Closes the empty Terminal (I.e it closes the Terminal when there is nothing typed). Also deletes all chracters after the cursor.
5\. **ALT+F** – Move forward one character.
6\. **ALT+T** – Swaps the last two words.
7\. **ALT+U** – Capitalize all characters in a word after the cursor.
8\. **ALT+L** – Uncaptalize all characters in a word after the cursor.
9\. **ALT+R** – Undo any changes to a command that you have brought from the history if you’ve edited it.
As you see in the above output, I have pulled a command using reverse search and changed the last characters in that command and revert the changes using **ALT+R**.
10\. **ALT+.** (note the dot at the end) – Use the last word of the previous command.
If you want to use the same options for multiple commands, you can use this shortcut to bring back the last word of previous command. For instance, I need to short the contents of a directory using “ls -r” command. Also, I want to view my Kernel version using “uname -r”. In both commands, the common word is “-r”. This is where ALT+. shortcut comes in handy. First run, ls -r command to do reverse shorting and use the last word “-r” in the nex command i.e uname.
#### CTRL key shortcuts
1\. **CTRL+A** – Quickly move to the beginning of line.
Let us say you’re typing a command something like below. While you’re at the N’th line, you noticed there is a typo in the first character
```
$ gind . -mtime -1 -type
```
Did you notice? I typed “gind” instead of “find” in the above command. You can correct this error by pressing the left arrow all the way to the first letter and replace “g” with “f”. Alternatively, just hit the **CTRL+A** or **Home** key to instantly go to the beginning of the line and replace the misspelled character. This will save you a few seconds.
2\. **CTRL+B** – To move backward one character.
This shortcut key can move the cursor backward one character i.e one character before the cursor. Alternatively, you can use LEFT arrow to move backward one character.
3\. **CTRL+C** – Stop the currently running command
If a command takes too long to complete or if you mistakenly run it, you can forcibly stop or quit the command by using **CTRL+C**.
4\. **CTRL+D** – Delete one character backward.
If you have a system where the BACKSPACE key isn’t working, you can use **CTRL+D** to delete one character backward. This shortcut also lets you logs out of the current session, similar to exit.
5\. **CTRL+E** – Move to the end of line
After you corrected any misspelled word in the start of a command or line, just hit **CTRL+E** to quickly move to the end of the line. Alternatively, you can use END key in your keyboard.
6\. **CTRL+F** – Move forward one character
If you want to move the cursor forward one character after another, just press **CTRL+F** instead of RIGHT arrow key.
7\. **CTRL+G** – Leave the history searching mode without running the command.
As you see in the above screenshot, I did the reverse search, but didn’t execute the command and left the history searching mode.
8\. **CTRL+H** – Delete the characters before the cursor, same as BASKSPACE.
9\. **CTRL+J** – Same as ENTER/RETURN key.
ENTER key is not working? No problem! **CTRL+J** or **CTRL+M** can be used as an alternative to ENTER key.
10\. **CTRL+K** – Delete all characters after the cursor.
You don’t have to keep hitting the DELETE key to delete the characters after the cursor. Just press **CTRL+K** to delete all characters after the cursor.
11\. **CTRL+L** – Clears the screen and redisplay the line.
Don’t type “clear” to clear the screen. Just press CTRL+L to clear and redisplay the currently typed line.
12\. **CTRL+M** – Same as CTRL+J or RETURN.
13\. **CTRL+N** – Display next line in command history.
You can also use DOWN arrow.
14\. **CTRL+O** – Run the command that you found using reverse search i.e CTRL+R.
15\. **CTRL+P** – Displays the previous line in command history.
You can also use UP arrow.
16\. **CTRL+R** – Searches the history backward (Reverse search).
17\. **CTRL+S** – Searches the history forward.
18\. **CTRL+T** – Swaps the last two characters.
This is one of my favorite shortcut. Let us say you typed “sl” instead of “ls”. No problem! This shortcut will transposes the characters as in the below screenshot.
![][2]
19\. **CTRL+U** – Delete all characters before the cursor (Kills backward from point to the beginning of line).
This shortcut will delete all typed characters backward at once.
20\. **CTRL+V** – Makes the next character typed verbatim
21\. **CTRL+W** – Delete the words before the cursor.
Don’t confuse it with CTRL+U. CTRL+W won’t delete everything behind a cursor, but a single word.
![][3]
22\. **CTRL+X** – Lists the possible filename completions of the current word.
23\. **CTRL+XX** – Move between start of command line and current cursor position (and back again).
24\. **CTRL+Y** – Retrieves last item that you deleted or cut.
Remember, we deleted a word “-al” using CTRL+W in the 21st command. You can retrieve that word instantly using CTRL+Y.
![][4]
See? I didn’t type “-al”. Instead, I pressed CTRL+Y to retrieve it.
25\. **CTRL+Z** – Stops the current command.
You may very well know this shortcut. It kills the currently running command. You can resume it with **fg** in the foreground or **bg** in the background.
26\. **CTRL+[** – Equivalent to ESC key.
#### Miscellaneous
1\. **!!** – Repeats the last command.
2\. **ESC+t** – Swaps the last tow words.
That’s all I have in mind now. I will keep adding more if I came across any Bash shortcut keys in future. If you think there is a mistake in this article, please do notify me in the comments section below. I will update it asap.
Cheers!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.ostechnix.com/list-useful-bash-keyboard-shortcuts/
作者：[SK][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
[2]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/CTRLT-1.gif
[3]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/CTRLW-1.gif
[4]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/CTRLY-1.gif

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有用的 Bash 快捷键清单
======
![](https://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Bash-720x340.jpg)
现如今，我在终端上花的时间更多，尝试在命令行完成比在图形界面更多的工作。随着时间推移，我学了许多 BASH 的技巧。这是一份每个 Linux 用户都应该知道的 BASH 快捷键，这样在终端做事就会快很多。我不会说这是一份完全的 BASH 快捷键清单，但是这足够让你的 BASH shell 比以前更快了。学习更快地使用 BASH 不仅节省了更多时间，也让你因为学到了有用的知识而感到自豪。那么，让我们开始吧。
### 有用的 Bash 快捷键清单
#### ALT 快捷键
1\. **ALT+A** – 移动到行首。
2\. **ALT+B** – 移动到光标所在单词词首。
3\. **ALT+C** – 终止正在运行的命令/进程。与 CTRL+C 相同。
4\. **ALT+D** – 关闭空的终端（也就是他会关闭没有输入的终端）。也删除光标后的全部字符。
5\. **ALT+F** – 移动到光标所在单词词末。
6\. **ALT+T** – 交换最后两个单词。
7\. **ALT+U** – 将单词内光标后的字母转为大写。
8\. **ALT+L** – 将单词内光标后的字母转为小写。
9\. **ALT+R** – 撤销对从历史记录中带来的命令的修改。
正如你在上面输出所见，我使用反向搜索拉取了一个指令，并更改了那个指令的最后一个字母，并使用 **ALT+R** 撤销了更改。
10\. **ALT+.** （注意末尾的点号） – 使用上一条命令的最后一个单词。
如果你想要对多个命令进行相同的操作的话，你可以使用这个快捷键来获取前几个指令的最后一个单词。例如，我需要使用 `ls -r` 命令输出以文件名逆序排列的目录内容。同时，我也想使用 `uname -r` 命令来查看我的内核版本。在这两个命令中，相同的单词是 `-r` 。这就是需要 `ALT+.` 的地方。快捷键很顺手。首先运行 `ls -r` 来按文件名逆序输出，然后在其他命令，比如 `uname` 中使用最后一个单词 `-r` 。
#### CTRL 快捷键
1\. **CTRL+A** – 快速移动到行首。
我们假设你输入了像下面这样的命令。当你在第 N 行时，你发现在行首字符有一个输入错误
```
$ gind . -mtime -1 -type
```
注意到了吗？上面的命令中我输入了 `gind` 而不是 `find` 。你可以通过一直按着左箭头键定位到第一个字母然后用 `g` 替换 `f` 。或者，仅通过 **CTRL+A** 或 **home** 键来立刻定位到行首，并替换拼错的单词。这将节省你几秒钟的时间。
2\. **CTRL+B** – 光标向前移动一个字符。
这个快捷键可以使光标向前移动一个字符，即光标前的一个字符。或者，你可以使用左箭头键来向前移动一个字符。
3\. **CTRL+C** – 停止当前运行的命令。
如果一个命令运行时间过久，或者你误运行了，你可以通过使用 **CTRL+C** 来强制停止或退出。
4\. **CTRL+D** – 删除光标后的一个字符。
如果你的系统退格键无法工作的话，你可以使用 **CTRL+D** 来删除光标后的一个字符。这个快捷键也可以让你退出当前会话，和 exit 类似。
5\. **CTRL+E** – 移动到行末。
当你修正了行首拼写错误的单词，按下 **CTRL+E** 来快速移动到行末。或者，你也可以使用你键盘上的 END 键。
6\. **CTRL+F** – 光标向后移动一个字符。
如果你想将光标向后移动一个字符的话，按 **CTRL+F** 来替代右箭头键。
7\. **CTRL+G** – 退出历史搜索模式，不运行命令。
正如你在上面的截图看到的，我进行了反向搜索，但是我执行命令，并退出了历史搜索模式。
8\. **CTRL+H** – 删除光标签的一个字符，和退格键相同。
9\. **CTRL+J** – 和 ENTER/RETURN 键相同。
回车键不工作？没问题！ **CTRL+J** 或 **CTRL+M** 可以用来替换回车键。
10\. **CTRL+K** – 删除光标后的所有字符。
你不必一直按着删除键来删除光标后的字符。只要按 **CTRL+K** 就能删除光标后的所有字符。
11\. **CTRL+L** – 清空屏幕并重新显示当前行。
别输入 `clear` 来清空屏幕了。只需按 **CTRL+M** 即可清空并重新显示当前行。
12\. **CTRL+M** – 和 **CTRL+J** 或 RETURN键相同。
13\. **CTRL+N** – 在命令历史中显示下一行。
你也可以使用下箭头键。
14\. **CTRL+O** – 运行你使用反向搜索时发现的命令，即 CTRL+R。
15\. **CTRL+P** – 显示命令历史的上一条命令。
你也可以使用上箭头键。
16\. **CTRL+R** – 向后搜索历史记录（反向搜索）。
17\. **CTRL+S** – 向前搜索历史记录。
18\. **CTRL+T** – 交换最后两个字符。
这是我最喜欢的一个快捷键。假设你输入了 `sl` 而不是 `ls` 。没问题！这个快捷键会像下面这张截图一样交换字符。
![][2]
19\. **CTRL+U** – 删除光标前的所有字符（从光标后的点删除到行首）。
这个快捷键立刻删除前面的所有字符。
20\. **CTRL+V** – 逐字显示输入的下一个字符。
21\. **CTRL+W** – 删除光标前的一个单词。
不要和 CTRL+U 弄混了。CTRL+W 不会删除光标前的所有东西，而是只删除一个单词。
![][3]
22\. **CTRL+X** – 列出当前单词可能的文件名补全。
23\. **CTRL+XX** – 移动到行首位置（再移动回来）。
24\. **CTRL+Y** – 恢复你上一个删除或剪切的条目。
记得吗，我们在第 21 个命令用 CTRL+W 删除了单词“-al”。你可以使用 CTRL+Y 立刻恢复。
![][4]
看见了吧？我没有输入“-al”。取而代之，我按了 CTRL+Y 来恢复它。
25\. **CTRL+Z** – 停止当前的命令。
你也许很了解这个快捷键。它终止了当前运行的命令。你可以在前台使用 **fg** 或在后台使用 **bg** 来恢复它。
26\. **CTRL+[** – 和 ESC 键等同。
#### 杂项
1\. **!!** – 重复上一个命令。
2\. **ESC+t** – 交换最后两个单词。
这就是我所能想到的了。将来我遇到 Bash 快捷键时我会持续添加的。如果你觉得文章有错的话，请在下方的评论区留言。我会尽快更新。
Cheers!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.ostechnix.com/list-useful-bash-keyboard-shortcuts/
作者：[SK][a]
译者：[heart4lor](https://github.com/heart4lor)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
[2]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/CTRLT-1.gif
[3]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/CTRLW-1.gif
[4]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/CTRLY-1.gif