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@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
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||||
初学者指南：在 Ubuntu Linux 上安装和使用 Git 和 GitHub
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Github 是一个存放着世界上最棒的一些软件项目的宝藏，这些软件项目由全世界的开发者无私贡献。这个看似简单，实则非常强大的平台因为大大帮助了那些对开发大规模软件感兴趣的开发者而被开源社区所称道。
|
||||
|
||||
这篇向导是对于安装和使用 GitHub 的的一个快速说明，本文还将涉及诸如创建本地仓库，如何链接这个本地仓库到包含你的项目的远程仓库（这样每个人都能看到你的项目了），以及如何提交改变并最终推送所有的本地内容到 Github。
|
||||
|
||||
请注意这篇向导假设你对 Git 术语有基本的了解，如推送、拉取请求（PR）、提交、仓库等等。并且希望你在 GitHub 上已注册成功并记下了你的 GitHub 用户名，那么我们这就进入正题吧：
|
||||
|
||||
### 1、在 Linux 上安装 Git
|
||||
|
||||
下载并安装 Git：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install git
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
上面的命令适用于 Ubuntu 并且应该在所有最新版的 Ubuntu 上都能工作，它们在 Ubuntu 16.04 和 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS（Bionic Beaver）上都测试过，在将来的版本上应该也能工作。
|
||||
|
||||
### 2、配置 GitHub
|
||||
|
||||
一旦安装完成，接下去就是配置 GitHub 用户的详细配置信息。请使用下面的两条命令，并确保用你自己的 GitHub 用户名替换 `user_name`，用你创建 GitHub 账户的电子邮件替换 `email_id`。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git config --global user.name "user_name"
|
||||
git config --global user.email "email_id"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
下面的图片显示的例子是如何用我的 GitHub 用户名：“akshaypai” 和我的邮件地址 “abc123@gmail.com” 来配置上面的命令。
|
||||
|
||||
[![Git config][3]][4]
|
||||
|
||||
### 3、创建本地仓库
|
||||
|
||||
在你的系统上创建一个目录。它将会被作为本地仓库使用，稍后它会被推送到 GitHub 的远程仓库。请使用如下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git init Mytest
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果目录被成功创建，你会看到如下信息：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/akshay/Mytest/.git/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这行信息可能随你的系统不同而变化。
|
||||
|
||||
这里，`Mytest` 是创建的目录，而 `init` 将其转化为一个 GitHub 仓库。将当前目录改为这个新创建的目录。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
cd Mytest
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 4、新建一个 README 文件来描述仓库
|
||||
|
||||
现在创建一个 `README` 文件并输入一些文本，如 “this is git setup on linux”。README 文件一般用于描述这个仓库用来放置什么内容或这个项目是关于什么的。例如：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
gedit README
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你可以使用任何文本编辑器。我喜欢使用 gedit。`README` 文件的内容可以为：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
This is a git repo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 5、将仓库里的文件加入一个索引
|
||||
|
||||
这是很重要的一步。这里我们会将所有需要推送到 GitHub 的内容都加入一个索引。这些内容可能包括你第一次加入仓库的文本文件或者应用程序，也有可能是对已存在文件的一些编辑（文件的一个更新版本）。
|
||||
|
||||
既然我们已经有了 `README` 文件，那么让我们创建一个别的文件吧，如一个简单的 C 程序，我们叫它 `sample.c`。文件内容是:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#include<stdio.h>
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{
|
||||
printf("hello world");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
现在我们有两个文件了。`README` 和 `sample.c`。
|
||||
|
||||
用下面的命令将它们加入索引：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git add README
|
||||
git add smaple.c
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
请注意 `git add` 命令能将任意数量的文件和目录加入到索引。这里，当我说 “索引” 的时候，我是指一个有一定空间的缓冲区，这个缓冲区存储了所有已经被加入到 Git 仓库的文件或目录。
|
||||
|
||||
### 6、将所作的改动加入索引
|
||||
|
||||
所有的文件都加好以后，你就可以提交了。这意味着你已经确定了最终的文件改动（或增加），现在它们已经准备好被上传到我们自己的仓库了。请使用命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git commit -m "some_message"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
“some_message” 在上面的命令里可以是一些简单的信息如“我的第一次提交”或者“编辑了readme 文件”，等等。
|
||||
|
||||
### 7、在 GitHub 上创建一个仓库
|
||||
|
||||
在 GitHub 上创建一个仓库。请注意仓库的名字必须和你本地创建的仓库的名字严格一致。在这个例子里是 “Mytest”。请首先登录你的 [GitHub](https://github.com) 账户。点击页面右上角的 “+” 符号，并选择“create nw repository”。如下图所示填入详细信息，点击 “create repository”。
|
||||
|
||||
[![Creating a repository on GitHub][5]][6]
|
||||
|
||||
一旦创建完成，我们就能将本地的仓库推送到 GitHub 你名下的仓库，用下列命令连接 GitHub 上的仓库：
|
||||
|
||||
> 请注意：请确保在运行下列命令前替换了路径中的 “user_name” 和 “Mytest” 为你的 GitHub 用户名和目录名！
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git remote add origin https://github.com/user\_name/Mytest.git>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 8、将本地仓库里的文件推送到 GitHub 仓库
|
||||
|
||||
最后一步是用下列的命令将本地仓库的内容推送到远程仓库（GitHub）：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git push origin master
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
当提示登录名和密码时键入登录名和密码。
|
||||
|
||||
下面的图片显示了步骤 5 到步骤 8 的流程
|
||||
|
||||
[![Pushing files in local repository to GitHub repository][7]][8]
|
||||
|
||||
上述将 Mytest 目录里的所有内容（文件）推送到了 GitHub。对于以后的项目或者创建新的仓库，你可以直接从步骤 3 开始。最后，如果你登录你的 GitHub 账户并点击你的 Mytest 仓库，你会看到这两个文件：`README` 和 `sample.c` 已经被上传并像如下图片显示：
|
||||
|
||||
[![Content uploaded to Github][9]][10]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/install-git-and-github-on-ubuntu/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Akshay Pai][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
|
||||
译者：[DavidChenLiang](https://github.com/DavidChenLiang)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/installing-tensorflow-neural-network-software-for-cpu-and-gpu-on-ubuntu-16-04/
|
||||
[1]:https://github.com/
|
||||
[2]:https://www.howtoforge.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection
|
||||
[3]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/config.png
|
||||
[4]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/config.png
|
||||
[5]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/details.png
|
||||
[6]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/details.png
|
||||
[7]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/steps.png
|
||||
[8]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/steps.png
|
||||
[9]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/final.png
|
||||
[10]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/final.png
|
||||
@@ -1,88 +1,86 @@
|
||||
如何从 Linux 命令行安装软件
|
||||
======
|
||||
> 学习一种不同的包管理器和怎么使用它。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
如果你在任何时间都使用 Linux，你很快就会发现有很多不同的方法可以做同样的事情。这包括通过命令行在 Linux 上安装应用。我已经是大约 25 年的 Linux 用户，我一次又一次地回到命令行来安装我的应用。
|
||||
如果你在一直在使用 Linux，你很快就会发现做同样的事情有很多不同的方法。这包括通过命令行在 Linux 上安装应用。我已经是大约 25 年的 Linux 用户，我一次又一次地回到命令行来安装我的应用。
|
||||
|
||||
从命令行安装应用程序最常用的方法是使用称为包管理器的软件库（存储软件的地方）。所有 Linux 应用都作为软件包分发，这些软件包只不过是与软件包管理系统相关的文件。每个 Linux 发行版都附带一个包管理系统，但它们并不完全相同。
|
||||
从命令行安装应用程序最常用的方法是使用称为包管理器通过软件库（存储软件的地方）安装。所有 Linux 应用都作为软件包分发，这些软件包只不过是与软件包管理系统相关的文件。每个 Linux 发行版都附带一个包管理系统，但它们并不完全相同。
|
||||
|
||||
### 什么是包管理系统？
|
||||
|
||||
包管理系统由多组工具和文件格式组成，它们一起用于安装、更新和卸载 Linux 应用。两种最常见的包管理系统来自 Red Hat 和 Debian。 Red Hat、CentOS 和 Fedora 都使用 `rpm` 系统（.rpm 文件），而Debian、Ubuntu、Mint 和 Ubuntu 都使用 `dpkg`（.deb 文件）。Gentoo Linux 使用名为 Portage 的系统，Arch Linux 只使用 tarball（.tar 文件）。这些系统之间的主要区别在于它们如何安装和维护应用。
|
||||
包管理系统由一组工具和文件格式组成，它们一起用于安装、更新和卸载 Linux 应用。两种最常见的包管理系统来自 Red Hat 和 Debian。 Red Hat、CentOS 和 Fedora 都使用 `rpm` 系统（.rpm 文件），而 Debian、Ubuntu、Mint 和 Ubuntu 都使用 `dpkg`（.deb 文件）。Gentoo Linux 使用名为 Portage 的系统，Arch Linux 只使用 tarball（.tar 文件）。这些系统之间的主要区别在于它们如何安装和维护应用。
|
||||
|
||||
你可能想知道 `.rpm`、`.deb` 或 `.tar` 文件中的内容。你可能会惊讶地发现，所有这些都只是普通的老式归档文件（如 `.zip`），其中包含应用的代码，如何安装它的说明，依赖项（它可能依赖的其他应用），以及配置文件的位置。读取和执行所有这些指令的软件称为包管理器。
|
||||
|
||||
### Debian、Ubuntu、Mint 等
|
||||
|
||||
Debian、Ubuntu、Mint 和其他基于 Debian 的发行版都使用 `.deb` 文件和 `dpkg` 包管理系统。有两种方法可以通过此系统安装应用。你可以使用 `apt` 程序从仓库进行安装，也可以使用 `dpkg` 程序从 `.deb` 文件安装应用。我们来看看如何做到这两点。
|
||||
Debian、Ubuntu、Mint 和其它基于 Debian 的发行版都使用 `.deb` 文件和 `dpkg` 包管理系统。有两种方法可以通过此系统安装应用。你可以使用 `apt` 程序从仓库进行安装，也可以使用 `dpkg` 程序从 `.deb` 文件安装应用。我们来看看如何做到这两点。
|
||||
|
||||
使用 `apt` 安装应用非常简单：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt install app_name
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
通过 `apt` 卸载应用也非常简单：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt remove app_name
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要升级已安装的应用，首先需要更新应用仓库：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt update
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
完成后，你可以使用以下命令更新任何程序：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你只想更新一个应用，该怎么办？没问题。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt update app_name
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
最后，假设你要安装的应用不存在于 Debian 仓库中，但有 `.deb` 下载。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dpkg -i app_name.deb
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Red Hat、CentOS 和 Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下，Red Hat 使用多个包管理系统。这些系统在使用自己的命令时，互相仍然非常相似，而且与 Debian 中使用的也相似。例如，我们可以使用 `yum` 或 `dnf` 管理器来安装应用。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo yum install app_name
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install app_name
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
`.rpm` 格式的应用也可以使用 `rpm` 命令安装。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo rpm -i app_name.rpm
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
删除不需要的应用同样容易。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo yum remove app_name
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo dnf remove app_name
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
更新应用同样容易。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ yum update
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo dnf upgrade --refresh
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如你所见，从命令行安装、卸载和更新 Linux 应用并不难。事实上，一旦你习惯它，你会发现它比使用基于桌面 GUI 的管理工具更快！
|
||||
@@ -96,7 +94,7 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/18/8/how-install-software-linux-command-line
|
||||
作者：[Patrick H.Mullins][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
|
||||
ucasFL translating
|
||||
|
||||
# Scrot: Linux command-line screen grabs made simple
|
||||
|
||||
by [Scott Nesbitt][a] · November 30, 2017
|
||||
|
||||
> Scrot is a basic, flexible tool that offers a number of handy options for taking screen captures from the Linux command line.
|
||||
|
||||
[][1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
There are great tools on the Linux desktop for taking screen captures, such as [KSnapshot][2] and [Shutter][3]. Even the simple utility that comes with the GNOME desktop does a pretty good job of capturing screens. But what if you rarely need to take screen captures? Or you use a Linux distribution without a built-in capture tool, or an older computer with limited resources?
|
||||
|
||||
Turn to the command line and a little utility called [Scrot][4]. It does a fine job of taking simple screen captures, and it includes a few features that might surprise you.
|
||||
|
||||
### Getting started with Scrot
|
||||
Many Linux distributions come with Scrot already installed—to check, type `which scrot`. If it isn't there, you can install Scrot using your distro's package manager. If you're willing to compile the code, grab it [from GitHub][5].
|
||||
|
||||
To take a screen capture, crack open a terminal window and type `scrot [filename]`, where `[filename]` is the name of file to which you want to save the image (for example, `desktop.png`). If you don't include a name for the file, Scrot will create one for you, such as `2017-09-24-185009_1687x938_scrot.png`. (That filename isn't as descriptive it could be, is it? That's why it's better to add one to the command.)
|
||||
|
||||
Running Scrot with no options takes a screen capture of your entire desktop. If you don't want to do that, Scrot lets you focus on smaller portions of your screen.
|
||||
|
||||
### Taking a screen capture of a single window
|
||||
|
||||
Tell Scrot to take a screen capture of a single window by typing `scrot -u [filename]`.
|
||||
|
||||
The `-u` option tells Scrot to grab the window currently in focus. That's usually the terminal window you're working in, which might not be the one you want.
|
||||
|
||||
To grab another window on your desktop, type `scrot -s [filename]`.
|
||||
|
||||
The `-s` option lets you do one of two things:
|
||||
|
||||
* select an open window, or
|
||||
|
||||
* draw a rectangle around a window or a portion of a window to capture it.
|
||||
|
||||
You can also set a delay, which gives you a little more time to select the window you want to capture. To do that, type `scrot -u -d [num] [filename]`.
|
||||
|
||||
The `-d` option tells Scrot to wait before grabbing the window, and `[num]` is the number of seconds to wait. Specifying `-d 5` (wait five seconds) should give you enough time to choose a window.
|
||||
|
||||
### More useful options
|
||||
|
||||
Scrot offers a number of additional features (most of which I never use). The ones I find most useful include:
|
||||
|
||||
* `-b` also grabs the window's border
|
||||
|
||||
* `-t` grabs a window and creates a thumbnail of it. This can be useful when you're posting screen captures online.
|
||||
|
||||
* `-c` creates a countdown in your terminal when you use the `-d` option.
|
||||
|
||||
To learn about Scrot's other options, check out the its documentation by typing `man scrot` in a terminal window, or [read it online][6]. Then start snapping images of your screen.
|
||||
|
||||
It's basic, but Scrot gets the job done nicely.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/17/11/taking-screen-captures-linux-command-line-scrot
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Scott Nesbitt][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt
|
||||
[1]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/community-penguins-osdc-lead.png?itok=BmqsAF4A
|
||||
[2]:https://www.kde.org/applications/graphics/ksnapshot/
|
||||
[3]:https://launchpad.net/shutter
|
||||
[4]:https://github.com/dreamer/scrot
|
||||
[5]:http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man1/scrot.1.html
|
||||
[6]:https://github.com/dreamer/scrot
|
||||
@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Top 7 open source project management tools for agile teams
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Opensource.com has surveyed the landscape of popular open source project management tools. We've done this before—but this year we've added a twist. This time, we're looking specifically at tools that support [agile][1] methodology, including related practices such as [Scrum][2], Lean, and Kanban.
|
||||
|
||||
The growth of interest in and use of agile is why we've decided to focus on these types of tools this year. A majority of organizations—71%—say they [are using agile approaches][3] at least sometimes. In addition, agile projects are [28% more successful][4] than projects managed with traditional approaches.
|
||||
|
||||
For this roundup, we looked at the project management tools we covered in [2014][5], [2015][6], and [2016][7] and plucked the ones that support agile, then did research to uncover any additions or changes. Whether your organization is already using agile or is one of the many planning to adopt agile approaches in 2018, one of these seven open source project management tools may be exactly what you're looking for.
|
||||
|
||||
### MyCollab
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[MyCollab][8] is a suite of three collaboration modules for small and midsize businesses: project management, customer relationship management (CRM), and document creation and editing software. There are two licensing options: a commercial "ultimate" edition, which is faster and can be run on-premises or in the cloud, and the open source "community edition," which is the version we're interested in here.
|
||||
|
||||
The community edition doesn't have a cloud option and is slower, due to not using query cache, but provides essential project management features, including tasks, issues management, activity stream, roadmap view, and a Kanban board for agile teams. While it doesn't have a separate mobile app, it works on mobile devices as well as Windows, MacOS, Linux, and Unix computers.
|
||||
|
||||
The latest version of MyCollab is 5.4.10 and the source code is available on [GitHub][9]. It is licensed under AGPLv3 and requires a Java runtime and MySQL stack to operate. It's available for [download][10] for Windows, Linux, Unix, and MacOS.
|
||||
|
||||
### Odoo
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Odoo][11] is more than project management software; it's a full, integrated business application suite that includes accounting, human resources, website & e-commerce, inventory, manufacturing, sales management (CRM), and other tools.
|
||||
|
||||
The free and open source community edition has limited [features][12] compared to the paid enterprise suite. Its project management application includes a Kanban-style task-tracking view for agile teams, which was updated in its latest release, Odoo 11.0, to include a progress bar and animation for tracking project status. The project management tool also includes Gantt charts, tasks, issues, graphs, and more. Odoo has a thriving [community][13] and provides [user guides][14] and other training resources.
|
||||
|
||||
It is licensed under GPLv3 and requires Python and PostgreSQL. It is available for [download][15] for Windows, Linux, and Red Hat Package Manager, as a [Docker][16] image, and as source on [GitHub][17].
|
||||
|
||||
### OpenProject
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[OpenProject][18] is a powerful open source project management tool that is notable for its ease of use and rich project management and team collaboration features.
|
||||
|
||||
Its modules support project planning, scheduling, roadmap and release planning, time tracking, cost reporting, budgeting, bug tracking, and agile and Scrum. Its agile features, including creating stories, prioritizing sprints, and tracking tasks, are integrated with OpenProject's other modules.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenProject is licensed under GPLv3 and its source code is available on [GitHub][19]. Its latest version, 7.3.2. is available for [download][20] for Linux; you can learn more about installing and configuring it in Birthe Lindenthal's article "[Getting started with OpenProject][21]."
|
||||
|
||||
### OrangeScrum
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
As you would expect from its name, [OrangeScrum][22] supports agile methodologies, specifically with a Scrum task board and Kanban-style workflow view. It's geared for smaller organizations—freelancers, agencies, and small and midsize businesses.
|
||||
|
||||
The open source version offers many of the [features][23] in OrangeScrum's paid editions, including a mobile app, resource utilization, and progress tracking. Other features, including Gantt charts, time logs, invoicing, and client management, are available as paid add-ons, and the paid editions include a cloud option, which the community version does not.
|
||||
|
||||
OrangeScrum is licensed under GPLv3 and is based on the CakePHP framework. It requires Apache, PHP 5.3 or higher, and MySQL 4.1 or higher, and works on Windows, Linux, and MacOS. Its latest release, 1.6.1. is available for [download][24], and its source code can be found on [GitHub][25].
|
||||
|
||||
### ]project-open[
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[]project-open[][26] is a dual-licensed enterprise project management tool, meaning that its core is open source, and some additional features are available in commercially licensed modules. According to the project's [comparison][27] of the community and enterprise editions, the open source core offers plenty of features for small and midsize organizations.
|
||||
|
||||
]project-open[ supports [agile][28] projects with Scrum and Kanban support, as well as classic Gantt/waterfall projects and hybrid or mixed projects.
|
||||
|
||||
The application is licensed under GPL and the [source code][29] is accessible via CVS. ]project-open[ is available as [installers][26] for both Linux and Windows, but also in cloud images and as a virtual appliance.
|
||||
|
||||
### Taiga
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Taiga][30] is an open source project management platform that focuses on Scrum and agile development, with features including a Kanban board, tasks, sprints, issues, a backlog, and epics. Other features include ticket management, multi-project support, wiki pages, and third-party integrations.
|
||||
|
||||
It also offers a free mobile app for iOS, Android, and Windows devices, and provides import tools that make it easy to migrate from other popular project management applications.
|
||||
|
||||
Taiga is free for public projects, with no restrictions on either the number of projects or the number of users. For private projects, there is a wide range of [paid plans][31] available under a "freemium" model, but, notably, the software's features are the same, no matter which type of plan you have.
|
||||
|
||||
Taiga is licensed under GNU Affero GPLv3, and requires a stack that includes Nginx, Python, and PostgreSQL. The latest release, [3.1.0 Perovskia atriplicifolia][32], is available on [GitHub][33].
|
||||
|
||||
### Tuleap
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Tuleap][34] is an application lifecycle management (ALM) platform that aims to manage projects for every type of team—small, midsize, large, waterfall, agile, or hybrid—but its support for agile teams is prominent. Notably, it offers support for Scrum, Kanban, sprints, tasks, reports, continuous integration, backlogs, and more.
|
||||
|
||||
Other [features][35] include issue tracking, document tracking, collaboration tools, and integration with Git, SVN, and Jenkins, all of which make it an appealing choice for open source software development projects.
|
||||
|
||||
Tuleap is licensed under GPLv2. More information, including Docker and CentOS downloads, is available on their [Get Started][36] page. You can also get the source code for its latest version, 9.14, on Tuleap's [Git][37].
|
||||
|
||||
The trouble with this type of list is that it's usually out of date as soon as it's published. Are you using an open source project management tool that supports agile that we forgot to include? Or do you have feedback on the ones we mentioned? Please leave a comment below.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/2/agile-project-management-tools
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Opensource.com][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com
|
||||
[1]:http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html
|
||||
[2]:https://opensource.com/resources/scrum
|
||||
[3]:https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/learning/thought-leadership/pulse/pulse-of-the-profession-2017.pdf
|
||||
[4]:https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/actuarial-insurance-services/assets/agile-project-delivery-confidence.pdf
|
||||
[5]:https://opensource.com/business/14/1/top-project-management-tools-2014
|
||||
[6]:https://opensource.com/business/15/1/top-project-management-tools-2015
|
||||
[7]:https://opensource.com/business/16/3/top-project-management-tools-2016
|
||||
[8]:https://community.mycollab.com/
|
||||
[9]:https://github.com/MyCollab/mycollab
|
||||
[10]:https://www.mycollab.com/ce-registration/
|
||||
[11]:https://www.odoo.com/
|
||||
[12]:https://www.odoo.com/page/editions
|
||||
[13]:https://www.odoo.com/page/community
|
||||
[14]:https://www.odoo.com/documentation/user/11.0/
|
||||
[15]:https://www.odoo.com/page/download
|
||||
[16]:https://hub.docker.com/_/odoo/
|
||||
[17]:https://github.com/odoo/odoo
|
||||
[18]:https://www.openproject.org/
|
||||
[19]:https://github.com/opf/openproject
|
||||
[20]:https://www.openproject.org/download-and-installation/
|
||||
[21]:https://opensource.com/article/17/11/how-install-and-use-openproject
|
||||
[22]:https://www.orangescrum.org/
|
||||
[23]:https://www.orangescrum.org/compare-orangescrum
|
||||
[24]:http://www.orangescrum.org/free-download
|
||||
[25]:https://github.com/Orangescrum/orangescrum/
|
||||
[26]:http://www.project-open.com/en/list-installers
|
||||
[27]:http://www.project-open.com/en/products/editions.html
|
||||
[28]:http://www.project-open.com/en/project-type-agile
|
||||
[29]:http://www.project-open.com/en/developers-cvs-checkout
|
||||
[30]:https://taiga.io/
|
||||
[31]:https://tree.taiga.io/support/subscription-and-plans/payment-process-faqs/#q.-what-s-about-custom-plans-private-projects-with-more-than-25-members-?
|
||||
[32]:https://blog.taiga.io/taiga-perovskia-atriplicifolia-release-310.html
|
||||
[33]:https://github.com/taigaio
|
||||
[34]:https://www.tuleap.org/
|
||||
[35]:https://www.tuleap.org/features/project-management
|
||||
[36]:https://www.tuleap.org/get-started
|
||||
[37]:https://tuleap.net/plugins/git/tuleap/tuleap/stable
|
||||
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
|
||||
heguangzhi Translating
|
||||
|
||||
6 open source tools for making your own VPN
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
# Scrot：让你在命令行中进行截屏更加简单
|
||||
> Scrot 是一个简单、灵活，并且提供了许多选项的 Linux 命令行截屏工具。
|
||||
|
||||
[][1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 桌面上有许多用于截屏的优秀工具，比如 [Ksnapshot][1] 和 [Shutter][2] 。甚至 GNOME 桌面自带的简易截屏工具也能够很好的工作。但是，如果你很少截屏，或者你使用的 Linux 发行版没有内建截屏工具，或者你使用的是一台资源有限的老电脑，那么你该怎么办呢？
|
||||
|
||||
或许你可以转向命令行，使用一个叫做 [Scrot][4] 的实用工具。它能够完成简单的截屏工作，同时它所具有的一些特性也许会让你感到非常惊喜。
|
||||
|
||||
### 走近 Scrot
|
||||
许多 Linux 发行版都会预先安装上 Scrot ，可以输入 `which scrot` 命令来查看系统中是否安装有 Scrot 。如果没有，那么可以使用你的 Linux 发行版的包管理器来安装。如果你想从源代码编译安装，那么也可以从 [GitHub][5] 上下载源代码。
|
||||
|
||||
如果要进行截屏，首先打开一个终端窗口，然后输入 `scrot [filename]` ，`[filename]` 是你想要保存的图片文件的名字（比如 `desktop.png`）。如果缺省了该参数，那么 scrot 会自动创建一个名字，比如 `2017-09-24-185009_1687x938_scrot.png` 。（这个名字缺乏了对图片内容的描述，这就是为什么最好在命令中指定一个名字作为参数。）
|
||||
|
||||
如果不带任何参数运行 Scrot，那么它将会对整个桌面进行截屏。如果不想这样，那么你也可以对屏幕中的一个小区域进行截图。
|
||||
|
||||
### 对单一窗口进行截屏
|
||||
|
||||
可以通过输入 `scrot -u [filename]` 命令来对一个窗口进行截屏。
|
||||
|
||||
`-u` 选项告诉 Scrot 对当前窗口进行截屏，这通常是我们正在工作的终端窗口，也许不是你想要的。
|
||||
|
||||
如果要对桌面上的另一个窗口进行截屏，需要输入 `scrot -s [filename]` 。
|
||||
|
||||
`-s` 选项可以让你做下面两件事的其中一件：
|
||||
|
||||
* 选择一个打开着的窗口
|
||||
|
||||
* 在一个窗口的周围或一片区域画一个矩形进行捕获
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以设置一个时延，这样让你能够有时间来选择你想要捕获的窗口。可以通过 `scrot -u -d [num] [filename]` 来设置时延。
|
||||
|
||||
`-d` 选项告诉 Scrot 在捕获窗口前先等待一段时间，`[num]` 是需要等待的秒数。指定为 `-d 5` （等待 5 秒）应该能够让你有足够的时间来选择窗口。
|
||||
|
||||
### 更多有用的选项
|
||||
|
||||
Scrot 还提供了许多额外的特性（绝大多数我从来没有使用过）。下面是我发现的一些有用的选项：
|
||||
|
||||
* `-b` 捕获窗口的边界
|
||||
|
||||
* `-t` 捕获窗口并创建一个缩略图。当你需要把截图张贴到网上的时候，这会非常有用
|
||||
|
||||
* `-c` 当你同时使用了 `-d` 选项的时候，在终端中创建倒计时
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想了解 Scrot 的其他选项，可以在终端中输入 `man scrot` 来查看它的手册，或者[在线阅读][6]。然后开始使用 Scrot 进行截屏。
|
||||
|
||||
虽然 Scrot 很简单，但它的确能够工作得很好。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/17/11/taking-screen-captures-linux-command-line-scrot
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Scott Nesbitt][a]
|
||||
译者：[ucasFL](https://github.com/ucasFL)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt
|
||||
[1]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/community-penguins-osdc-lead.png?itok=BmqsAF4A
|
||||
[2]:https://www.kde.org/applications/graphics/ksnapshot/
|
||||
[3]:https://launchpad.net/shutter
|
||||
[4]:https://github.com/dreamer/scrot
|
||||
[5]:http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man1/scrot.1.html
|
||||
[6]:https://github.com/dreamer/scrot
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
|
||||
heguangzhi Translating
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
面向敏捷开发团队的7个开源项目管理工具
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Opensource.com 以前对流行的开源项目管理工具的过相应的调研。但是今年我们增加了一个特点。本次，我们特别关注支持[敏捷][1]方法的工具，包括相关的实践，如[Scrum][2]、 Lean, and Kanban。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
对敏捷开发的兴趣和使用的增长是我们今年决定专注于这些工具的原因。大多数组织-71%的人说他们至少使用了敏捷方法（3）[are using agile approaches][3]。此外，敏捷项目比传统方法管理的项目要高出28%（4）[28% more successful][4] 。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
我们查看了[2014][5]、[2015][6]和[2016][7]中涉及的项目管理工具，并挑选了支持敏捷的工具，然后进行了研究并做了添加或更改。不管您的组织是否已经在使用敏捷开发，或者是2018年采用敏捷方法的作为众多计划之一，这七个开源项目管理工具之一可能正是您所要找寻的。
|
||||
|
||||
### MyCollab
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
MyCollab][8]是一套针对中小型企业的三个协作模块：项目管理、客户关系管理（CRM）和文档创建和编辑的软件。有两个许可选项：一个商业的“终极”版本，它更快，可以在内部或云中运行；另一个开源的“社区版本”，这个正是我们感兴趣的版本。
|
||||
|
||||
由于没有使用查询缓存，社区版本没有云选项，并且速度较慢，但是提供了基本的项目管理特性，包括任务、问题管理、活动流、路线图视图和敏捷团队看板。虽然它没有单独的移动应用程序，但它也适用于移动设备，包括 Windows、Mac OS、Linux 和 UNIX 计算机。
|
||||
|
||||
The latest version of MyCollab is 5.4.10 and the source code is available on [GitHub][9]. It is licensed under AGPLv3 and requires a Java runtime and MySQL stack to operate. It's available for [download][10] for Windows, Linux, Unix, and MacOS.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
MyCulb的最新版本是5.4.10，源代码可在 [GitHub][9] 上下载。它是在 AgPLv3 下进行授权的，需要 Java 运行和 MySQL支持。它可运行于 Windows、Linux、UNIX 和 MacOS 。下载地址 [download][10]。
|
||||
|
||||
### Odoo
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Odoo][11] 不仅仅是项目管理软件；它是一个完整的集成商业应用套件，包括会计、人力资源、网站和电子商务、库存、制造、销售管理（CRM）和其他工具。
|
||||
|
||||
与付费企业套件相比，免费开源社区版具有有限的[特性][12] 。它的项目管理应用程序包括敏捷团队的看板式任务跟踪视图，在最新版本Odoo 11.0中更新了该视图，以包括用于跟踪项目状态的进度条和动画。项目管理工具还包括甘特图、任务、问题、图表等等。Odoo有一个繁荣的[社区][13]，并提供 [用户指南][14] 及其他培训资源。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
它是在 GPLv3 下授权的，需要 Python 和 PostgreSQL 支持。作为[Docker][16] 镜像 可以运行在 Windows、Linux 和 Red Hat 包管理器中，下载地址[download][15]，源代码[GitHub][17]。
|
||||
|
||||
### OpenProject
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[OpenProject][18] 是一个强大的开源项目管理工具，以其易用性和丰富的项目管理和团队协作特性而著称。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
它的模块支持项目计划、调度、路线图和发布计划、时间跟踪、成本报告、预算、bug跟踪以及敏捷和Scrum。它的敏捷特性，包括创建Story、确定sprint的优先级以及跟踪任务，都与OpenProject的其他模块集成在一起。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
OpenProject 在 GPLv3 下获得许可，其源代码可在[GitHub][19]上。最新版本7.3.2 for Linux [download][20]；您可以在 Birthe Lindenthal 的文章 “[Getting start of OpenProject][21]"中了解更多关于安装和配置它的信息。
|
||||
|
||||
### OrangeScrum
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
正如从其名称中猜到的，[OrangeScrum][22]支持敏捷方法，特别是使用Scrum任务板和看板式工作流视图。它面向较小的组织自由职业者、中介机构和中小型企业。
|
||||
|
||||
源版本提供了 OrangeScrum 付费版本中的许多[特性][23]，包括移动应用程序、资源利用率和进度跟踪。其他特性，包括甘特图、时间日志、发票和客户端管理，可以作为付费附加组件提供，付费版本包括云选项，而社区版本不提供。
|
||||
|
||||
OrangeScrum 是基于 GPLv3 授权的，是基于 CakePHP 框架开发。它需要 Apache、PHP 5.3 或更高版本和 MySQL 4.1 或更高版本支持，并可以在 Windows、Linux 和 Mac OS 上运行。其最新版本1.1.1,下载地址 [download][24]，其源码[GitHub] [25]。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### ]project-open[
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[]project-open[][26]是一个双许可的企业项目管理工具，这意味着其核心是开源的，并且在商业许可的模块中可以使用一些附加特性。根据社区和企业版本的项目[比较][27]，开源核心为中小型组织提供了许多特性。
|
||||
|
||||
]project-open[ 支持Scrum和看板[敏捷][28]项目，以及经典的甘特/瀑布项目和混合或混合项目。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
该应用程序是在 GPL 下授权的，并且[source code][29]是通过 CVS 访问的。 ]project-open[ 在 Linux 和 Windows 的安装可用 [installers][26]，但也可以在云镜像和虚拟设备中使用。
|
||||
|
||||
### Taiga
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Taiga][30] 是一个开源项目管理平台，它专注于Scrum和敏捷开发，其特征包括看板、任务、sprints、问题、backlog 和epics。其他功能包括 ticke 管理、多项目支持、Wiki页面和第三方集成。
|
||||
|
||||
它还为iOS、Android和Windows设备提供免费的移动应用程序，并提供导入工具，使从其他流行的项目管理应用程序迁移变得容易。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Taiga 对于公共项目是免费的，对项目数量或用户数量没有限制。对于私有项目，在“免费增值”模式下，有很多[付费计划][31]可用，但是值得注意的是，无论您有哪种类型，软件的功能特性都是一样的。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Taiga 是在GNU Affero GPLv3 下授权的，并且软件需要 Nginx、Python 和 PostgreSQL 支持。最新版本[3.1.0 PrimovsialpopiculoLII][32]，可在[GitHub][33]上下载。
|
||||
|
||||
### Tuleap
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Tuleap][34]是一个应用程序生命周期管理（ALM）平台，旨在为每种类型的团队管理项目——小型、中型、大型、瀑布、敏捷或混合型——但是它对敏捷团队的支持是显著的。值得注意的是，它为Scrum、看板、sprints、任务、报告、持续集成、backlogs等提供支持.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
其他的[特性][35]包括问题跟踪、文档跟踪、协作工具，以及与 Git、SVN 和 Jenkins 的集成，所有这些都使它成为开放源码软件开发项目的吸引人的选择。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
TuleAP 是在 GPLv2 下授权的。更多信息，包括 Docker 和 CentOS 下载，可以在他们的 [Get Started][36] 页面上找到。您还可以在TuleAP的 [Git][37] 上获取其最新版本9.14的源代码。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
这种类型的列表的麻烦在于它一发布就过时了。使用开源项目管理工具来支持我们忘记包含的敏捷吗？或者你对我们提到的有反馈吗？请在下面留下评论。
|
||||
|
||||
这种类型的文章的麻烦在于它一发布就过时了。那些您正在使用开源项目管理工具，而被我们遗漏了？或者您对我们提到的有反馈意见吗？请在下面留下留言。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/2/agile-project-management-tools
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Opensource.com][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com
|
||||
[1]:http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html
|
||||
[2]:https://opensource.com/resources/scrum
|
||||
[3]:https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/learning/thought-leadership/pulse/pulse-of-the-profession-2017.pdf
|
||||
[4]:https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/actuarial-insurance-services/assets/agile-project-delivery-confidence.pdf
|
||||
[5]:https://opensource.com/business/14/1/top-project-management-tools-2014
|
||||
[6]:https://opensource.com/business/15/1/top-project-management-tools-2015
|
||||
[7]:https://opensource.com/business/16/3/top-project-management-tools-2016
|
||||
[8]:https://community.mycollab.com/
|
||||
[9]:https://github.com/MyCollab/mycollab
|
||||
[10]:https://www.mycollab.com/ce-registration/
|
||||
[11]:https://www.odoo.com/
|
||||
[12]:https://www.odoo.com/page/editions
|
||||
[13]:https://www.odoo.com/page/community
|
||||
[14]:https://www.odoo.com/documentation/user/11.0/
|
||||
[15]:https://www.odoo.com/page/download
|
||||
[16]:https://hub.docker.com/_/odoo/
|
||||
[17]:https://github.com/odoo/odoo
|
||||
[18]:https://www.openproject.org/
|
||||
[19]:https://github.com/opf/openproject
|
||||
[20]:https://www.openproject.org/download-and-installation/
|
||||
[21]:https://opensource.com/article/17/11/how-install-and-use-openproject
|
||||
[22]:https://www.orangescrum.org/
|
||||
[23]:https://www.orangescrum.org/compare-orangescrum
|
||||
[24]:http://www.orangescrum.org/free-download
|
||||
[25]:https://github.com/Orangescrum/orangescrum/
|
||||
[26]:http://www.project-open.com/en/list-installers
|
||||
[27]:http://www.project-open.com/en/products/editions.html
|
||||
[28]:http://www.project-open.com/en/project-type-agile
|
||||
[29]:http://www.project-open.com/en/developers-cvs-checkout
|
||||
[30]:https://taiga.io/
|
||||
[31]:https://tree.taiga.io/support/subscription-and-plans/payment-process-faqs/#q.-what-s-about-custom-plans-private-projects-with-more-than-25-members-?
|
||||
[32]:https://blog.taiga.io/taiga-perovskia-atriplicifolia-release-310.html
|
||||
[33]:https://github.com/taigaio
|
||||
[34]:https://www.tuleap.org/
|
||||
[35]:https://www.tuleap.org/features/project-management
|
||||
[36]:https://www.tuleap.org/get-started
|
||||
[37]:https://tuleap.net/plugins/git/tuleap/tuleap/stable
|
||||
@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
|
||||
在Ubuntu Linux上安装和使用Git和GitHub：初学者指南
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Github是一个存放着世界上最棒的一些软件项目的宝藏，这些软件项目由全世界的开发者无私贡献。这个看似简单，实则非常强大的平台因为大大帮助了那些对开发大规模软件感兴趣的开发者而被开源社区所称道。
|
||||
|
||||
这篇向导是对于安装和使用GitHub的的一个快速说明，本文还将涉及诸如创建本地仓库，如何链接这个本地仓库到包含你的项目的远程仓库(这样每个人都能看到你的项目了), 以及如何提交改变并最终推送所有的本地内容到Github。
|
||||
|
||||
请注意这篇向导假设你对Git术语有基本的了解，如推送，拉取请求，提交，仓库等等。并且希望你在GitHub上已注册成功并记下了你的GitHub用户名，那么我们这就进入正题吧：
|
||||
|
||||
### 1 在Linux上安装Git
|
||||
|
||||
下载并安装Git：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install git
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
上面的命令适用于Ubuntu并且应该在所有最新版的Ubuntu上都能工作，它们在Ubuntu 16.04和Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)上都测试过，在将来的版本上应该也能工作。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2 配置GitHub
|
||||
|
||||
一旦安装完成，接下去就是配置GitHub用户的详细配置信息。请使用下面的两条命令并确保用你自己的GitHub用户名替换"user_name",用你创建GitHub账户的电子邮件替换“email_id”。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git config --global user.name "user_name"
|
||||
|
||||
git config --global user.email "email_id"
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
下面的图片显示的例子是如何用我的 GitHub “用户名”：“akshaypai”和我的"邮件地址"[[email protected]][2]来配置上面的命令。
|
||||
|
||||
[![Git config][3]][4]
|
||||
|
||||
### 3 创建本地仓库
|
||||
在你的系统上创建一个目录。它将会被作为本地仓库使用，稍后它会被推送到 GitHub 的远程仓库。请使用如下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git init Mytest
|
||||
```
|
||||
如果目录被成功创建，你会看到如下信息：
|
||||
|
||||
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/akshay/Mytest/.git/
|
||||
|
||||
这行信息可能随你的系统不同而变化。
|
||||
这里，Mytest 是创建的目录而“init” 将其转化为一个 GitHub 仓库。将当前目录改为这个新创建的目录。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
cd Mytest
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 4 新建一个 REAME 文件来描述仓库
|
||||
现在创建一个 README 文件并输入一些文本,如“this is git setup on linux”。REAME 文件一般用于描述这个仓库用来放置什么内容或这个项目是关于什么的。例如：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
gedit README
|
||||
```
|
||||
你可以使用任何文本编辑器。我喜欢使用gedit。README文件的内容可以为：
|
||||
|
||||
This is a git repo
|
||||
|
||||
### 5 将仓库里的文件加入一个索引
|
||||
这是很重要的一步。这里我们会将所有需要推送到 GitHub 的内容都加入一个索引。这些内容可能包括你第一次加入仓库的文本文件或者应用程序,也有可能是对已存在文件的一些编辑(文件的一个更新版本)。
|
||||
既然我们已经有了 README 文件，那么让我们创建一个别的文件吧，如一个简单的 C 程序，我们叫它sample.c。文件内容是:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#include<stdio.h>
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{
|
||||
printf("hello world");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
现在我们有两个文件了。
|
||||
README 和 sample.c
|
||||
用下面的命令将他们加入索引：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git add README
|
||||
|
||||
git add smaple.c
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
请注意“git add” 命令能将任意数量的文件和目录加入到索引。这里，当我说“ 索引” 的时候，我是指一个有一定空间的缓冲区，这个缓冲区存储了所有已经被加入到 Git 仓库的文件或目录。
|
||||
|
||||
### 6 将所作的改动加入索引
|
||||
所有的文件都加好以后，你就可以提交了。这意味着你已经确定了最终的文件改动（ 或增加）,现在他们已经准备好被上传到我们自己的仓库了。请使用命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git commit -m "some_message"
|
||||
```
|
||||
“some_message”在上面的命令里可以是一些简单的信息如“我的第一次提交”或者“ 编辑了readme 文件”,等等。
|
||||
|
||||
### 7 在GitHub上创建一个仓库
|
||||
在 GitHub 上创建一个仓库。请注意仓库的名字必须和你本地创建的仓库的名字严格一致。在这个例子里是'Mytest'。请首先登陆你的 GitHub 账户<https://github.com>。点击页面右上角 的"plus(+)"符号，并选择"create nw repository"。如下图所示填入详细信息，点击“create repository”。
|
||||
|
||||
[![Creating a repository on GitHub][5]][6]
|
||||
一旦创建完成，我们就能将本地的仓库推送到 GitHub 你名下的仓库，用下列命令连接 GitHub 上的仓库：
|
||||
请注意：请确保在运行下列命令前替换了路径中的“user_name” 和“Mytest”为你的 GitHub 用户名和目录名！
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git remote add origin https://github.com/user\_name/Mytest.git>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 8 将本地仓库里的文件推送的GitHub仓库
|
||||
最后一步是用下列的命令将本地仓库的内容推送到远程仓库(GitHub)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
git push origin master
|
||||
```
|
||||
当提示登陆名和密码时键入登陆名和密码。
|
||||
下面的图片显示了步骤5到步骤8的流程
|
||||
|
||||
[![Pushing files in local repository to GitHub repository][7]][8]
|
||||
|
||||
上述将 Mytest 目录里的所有内容(文件) 推送到了GitHub。对于以后的项目或者创建新的仓库，你可以直接从步骤3开始。最后，如果你登陆你的 GitHub 账户并点击你的Mytest 仓库，你会看到这两个文件:README 和sample.c 已经被上传并像如下 图片显示:
|
||||
|
||||
[![Content uploaded to Github][9]][10]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/install-git-and-github-on-ubuntu/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Akshay Pai][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
|
||||
译者：[DavidChenLiang](https://github.com/DavidChenLiang)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/installing-tensorflow-neural-network-software-for-cpu-and-gpu-on-ubuntu-16-04/
|
||||
[1]:https://github.com/
|
||||
[2]:https://www.howtoforge.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection
|
||||
[3]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/config.png
|
||||
[4]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/config.png
|
||||
[5]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/details.png
|
||||
[6]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/details.png
|
||||
[7]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/steps.png
|
||||
[8]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/steps.png
|
||||
[9]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/final.png
|
||||
[10]:https://www.howtoforge.com/images/ubuntu_github_getting_started/big/final.png
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user