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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (4 cool terminal multiplexers)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/4-cool-terminal-multiplexers/)
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[#]: author: (Paul W. Frields https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/)
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4 cool terminal multiplexers
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======
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![][1]
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The Fedora OS is comfortable and easy for lots of users. It has a stunning desktop that makes it easy to get everyday tasks done. Under the hood is all the power of a Linux system, and the terminal is the easiest way for power users to harness it. By default terminals are simple and somewhat limited. However, a _terminal multiplexer_ allows you to turn your terminal into an even more incredible powerhouse. This article shows off some popular terminal multiplexers and how to install them.
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Why would you want to use one? Well, for one thing, it lets you logout of your system while _leaving your terminal session undisturbed_. It’s incredibly useful to logout of your console, secure it, travel somewhere else, then remotely login with SSH and continue where you left off. Here are some utilities to check out.
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One of the oldest and most well-known terminal multiplexers is _screen._ However, because the code is no longer maintained, this article focuses on more recent apps. (“Recent” is relative — some of these have been around for years!)
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### Tmux
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The _tmux_ utility is one of the most widely used replacements for _screen._ It has a highly configurable interface. You can program tmux to start up specific kinds of sessions based on your needs. You’ll find a lot more about tmux in this article published earlier:
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> [Use tmux for a more powerful terminal][2]
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Already a tmux user? You might like [this additional article on making your tmux sessions more effective][3].
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To install tmux, use the _sudo_ command along with _dnf_ , since you’re probably in a terminal already:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install tmux
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```
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To start learning, run the _tmux_ command. A single pane window starts with your default shell. Tmux uses a _modifier key_ to signal that a command is coming next. This key is **Ctrl+B** by default. If you enter **Ctrl+B, C** you’ll create a new window with a shell in it.
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Here’s a hint: Use **Ctrl+B, ?** to enter a help mode that lists all the keys you can use. To keep things simple, look for the lines starting with _bind-key -T prefix_ at first. These are keys you can use right after the modifier key to configure your tmux session. You can hit **Ctrl+C** to exit the help mode back to tmux.
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To completely exit tmux, use the standard _exit_ command or _Ctrl+D_ keystroke to exit all the shells.
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### Dvtm
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You might have recently seen the Magazine article on [dwm, a dynamic window manager][4]. Like dwm, _dvtm_ is for tiling window management — but in a terminal. It’s designed to adhere to the legacy UNIX philosophy of “do one thing well” — in this case managing windows in a terminal.
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Installing dvtm is easy as well. However, if you want the logout functionality mentioned earlier, you’ll also need the _abduco_ package which handles session management for dvtm.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install dvtm abduco
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```
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The dvtm utility has many keystrokes already mapped to allow you to manage windows in the terminal. By default, it uses **Ctrl+G** as its modifier key. This keystroke tells dvtm that the following character is going to be a command it should process. For instance, **Ctrl+G, C** creates a new window and **Ctrl+G, X** removes it.
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For more information on using dvtm, check out the dvtm [home page][5] which includes numerous tips and get-started information.
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### Byobu
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While _byobu_ isn’t truly a multiplexer on its own — it wraps _tmux_ or even the older _screen_ to add functions — it’s worth covering here too. Byobu makes terminal multiplexers better for novices, by adding a help menu and window tabs that are slightly easier to navigate.
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Of course it’s available in the Fedora repos as well. To install, use this command:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install byobu
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```
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By default the _byobu_ command runs _screen_ underneath, so you might want to run _byobu-tmux_ to wrap _tmux_ instead. You can then use the **F9** key to open up a help menu for more information to help you get started.
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### Mtm
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The _mtm_ utility is one of the smallest multiplexers you’ll find. In fact, it’s only about 1000 lines of code! You might find it helpful if you’re in a limited environment such as old hardware, a minimal container, and so forth. To get started, you’ll need a couple packages.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install git ncurses-devel make gcc
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```
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Then clone the repository where mtm lives:
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```
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$ git clone https://github.com/deadpixi/mtm.git
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```
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Change directory into the _mtm_ folder and build the program:
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```
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$ make
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```
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You might receive a few warnings, but when you’re done, you’ll have the very small _mtm_ utility. Run it with this command:
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```
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$ ./mtm
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```
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You can find all the documentation for the utility [on its GitHub page][6].
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These are just some of the terminal multiplexers out there. Got one you’d like to recommend? Leave a comment below with your tips and enjoy building windows in your terminal!
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* * *
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_Photo by _[ _Michael_][7]_ on [Unsplash][8]._
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/4-cool-terminal-multiplexers/
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作者：[Paul W. Frields][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/tmuxers-4-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://fedoramagazine.org/use-tmux-more-powerful-terminal/
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[3]: https://fedoramagazine.org/4-tips-better-tmux-sessions/
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[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/lets-try-dwm-dynamic-window-manger/
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[5]: http://www.brain-dump.org/projects/dvtm/#why
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[6]: https://github.com/deadpixi/mtm
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[7]: https://unsplash.com/photos/48yI_ZyzuLo?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[8]: https://unsplash.com/search/photos/windows?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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translated/tech/20190320 4 cool terminal multiplexers.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (4 cool terminal multiplexers)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/4-cool-terminal-multiplexers/)
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[#]: author: (Paul W. Frields https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/)
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4 款很酷的终端复用器
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======
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![][1]
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Fedora 系统对很多用户来说都很舒适。它有一个令人惊叹的桌面，可以轻松地完成日常任务。表面之下有 Linux 系统的全部功能，终端是高级用户使用它们的最简单的方法。默认的终端简单且功能有限。但是，_终端复用器_能让你的终端变得非常强大。本文展示了一些流行的终端多路复用器以及如何安装它们。
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你为什么要用它？嗯，首先，它可以让你注销你的系统，同时_让你的终端会话不受干扰_。退出你的控制台，加密它，在其他地方旅行时通过远程登录 SSH 继续之前的操作是非常有用的。这里有一些工具可以看下。
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最古老和最知名的终端多路复用器之一是 _screen_。但是，由于代码不再维护，本文将重点介绍最近的应用。 （“最近的”是相对的，其中一些已存在多年！）
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### Tmux
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_tmux_ 是 _screen_ 的最广泛使用的替换之一。它有高度可配置的接口。你可以根据需要对 tmux 进行编程以启动特定类型的会话。在前面发表的这篇文章中你会发现更多关于 tmux 的信息：
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> [使用 tmux 实现更强大的终端][2]
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已经是 tmux 用户？你可能会喜欢[这篇使你的 tmux 会话更有效的文章][3]。
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要安装 tmux，由于你可能已经在终端中，请使用 _dnf_ 并带上 _sudo_：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install tmux
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```
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要开始学习，请运行 _tmux_ 命令。单窗格窗口以你的默认 shell 启动。tmux 使用_修饰键_来表示接下来会发出命令。默认情况下，此键为 **Ctrl+B**。如果输入 **Ctrl+B, C**，你将创建一个带有 shell 的新窗口。
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提示：使用 **Ctrl+B, ?** 进入帮助模式，会列出你可以使用的所有键。为了简单起见，你先查看 _bind-key -T prefix_ 开头的行。这些是你可以在修饰键之后立即使用的键，可以用来配置你的 tmux 会话。你可以按 **Ctrl+C** 退出帮助模式回 tmux。
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要完全退出 tmux，请使用标准 _exit_ 命令或 _Ctrl+D_ 退出所有 shell。
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### Dvtm
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你可能最近在 Fedroa Magzine上看到过一篇 [dwm，一个动态窗口管理器][4]的文章。像 dwm 一样，_dvtm_ 用于平铺窗口管理，但是用在终端中。它的设计坚持 UNIX 的“做好一件事”的理念，在这里是管理终端中的窗口。
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安装 dvtm 也很简单。但是，如果你想要前面提到的注销功能，你还需要 _abduco_ 包来处理 dvtm 的会话管理。
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```
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$ sudo dnf install dvtm abduco
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```
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dvtm 已经映射了许多管理终端窗口的按键。默认情况下，它使用 **Ctrl+G** 作为其修饰键。这个按键告诉 dvtm 接下来的字符将成为它应该处理的命令。例如， **Ctrl+G, C** 创建一个新窗口，**Ctrl+G, X** 将其关闭。
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有关使用 dvtm 的更多信息，请查看 dvtm 的[主页][5]，其中包含大量提示和入门信息。
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### Byobu
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虽然 _byobu_ 本身并不是真正的多路复用器 - 它封装了 _tmux_ 甚至更老的 _screen_ 来添加功能，但它也值得在这里一提。通过帮助菜单和窗口选项卡，以便更加容易地找到功能，Byobu 使终端复用器更适合初学者。
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当然它也可以在 Fedora 仓库中找到。要安装它，请使用以下命令：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install byobu
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```
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默认情况下，_byobu_ 会在内部运行 _screen_，因此你可能希望运行 _byobu-tmux_ 来封装 _tmux_。你可以使用 **F9** 键打开帮助菜单以获取更多信息，来帮助你入门。
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### Mtm
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_mtm_ 是你可以找到的最小的复用器之一。事实上，它只有大约 1000 行代码！如果你处于受限的环境（例如旧硬件、最小容器等）中，你可能会发现它很有用。要开始使用，你需要安装一些包。
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```
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$ sudo dnf install git ncurses-devel make gcc
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```
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然后克隆 mtm 所在的仓库：
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```
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$ git clone https://github.com/deadpixi/mtm.git
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```
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进入 _mtm_ 文件夹并构建程序：
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```
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$ make
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```
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你可能会收到一些警告，但完成后，你将会有一个非常小的 _mtm_ 程序。使用以下命令运行它：
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```
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$ ./mtm
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```
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你可以在 [GitHub 页面][6]上找到该程序的所有文档。
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这里只是一些终端复用器。你有想推荐的么？请在下面留下你的评论，享受在终端中创建窗口吧！
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* * *
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_由 _[ _Michael_][7]_ 拍摄，发布于 [Unsplash][8]。_
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/4-cool-terminal-multiplexers/
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作者：[Paul W. Frields][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/tmuxers-4-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://fedoramagazine.org/use-tmux-more-powerful-terminal/
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[3]: https://fedoramagazine.org/4-tips-better-tmux-sessions/
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[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/lets-try-dwm-dynamic-window-manger/
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[5]: http://www.brain-dump.org/projects/dvtm/#why
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[6]: https://github.com/deadpixi/mtm
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[7]: https://unsplash.com/photos/48yI_ZyzuLo?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[8]: https://unsplash.com/search/photos/windows?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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